@article{bb352000,
        AUTHOR = "Smolinska, B.",
        TITLE = "Optical Correlator for Recognizing Characters Printed on Paper",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "16",
        YEAR = "1983",
        NUMBER = "6",
        PAGES = "551-556",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346244"}

@article{bb352001,
        TITLE = "Character Recognition Apparatus",
        JOURNAL = IBMTech,
        VOLUME = "28",
        YEAR = "1986",
        NUMBER = "9",
        MONTH = "February",
        PAGES = "3990-3993",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346245"}

@article{bb352002,
        AUTHOR = "Casey, R.G. and Jih, C.R.",
        TITLE = "A Processor-Based OCR System",
        JOURNAL = IBMRD,
        VOLUME = "27",
        YEAR = "1983",
        NUMBER = "4",
        MONTH = "July",
        PAGES = "386-399",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346246"}

@inproceedings{bb352003,
        AUTHOR = "Nally, R.B. and Vance, E.J. and Leung, P.C. and Akister, J.F.",
        TITLE = "Matrix Character Reading System",
        BOOKTITLE = US_Patent,
        YEAR = "1984",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346247"}

@inproceedings{bb352004,
        AUTHOR = "Ito, K. and Onishi, M. and Hayashi, H.",
        TITLE = "Character information separating apparatus
for printed character reading systems",
        BOOKTITLE = US_Patent,
        YEAR = "1985",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346248"}

@inproceedings{bb352005,
        AUTHOR = "Hongo, Y.",
        TITLE = "Character reader",
        BOOKTITLE = US_Patent,
        YEAR = "1986",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346249"}

@inproceedings{bb352006,
        AUTHOR = "Hongo, Y.",
        TITLE = "Pattern recognition apparatus",
        BOOKTITLE = US_Patent,
        YEAR = "1985",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346250"}

@inproceedings{bb352007,
        AUTHOR = "Masatsugu, C.H. and Denning, B.S. and Nelson, M.N.",
        TITLE = "Method and apparatus for character recognition employing a 
dead-band correlator",
        BOOKTITLE = US_Patent,
        YEAR = "1987",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346251"}

@article{bb352008,
        AUTHOR = "Wolberg, G.",
        TITLE = "A Syntactic Omni-Font Character Recognition System",
        JOURNAL = PRAI,
        VOLUME = "1",
        YEAR = "1987",
        PAGES = "303-322",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346252"}

@inproceedings{bb352009,
        AUTHOR = "Wolberg, G.",
        TITLE = "A Syntactic Omni-Font Character Recognition System",
        BOOKTITLE = CVPR86,
        YEAR = "1986",
        PAGES = "168-173",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346252"}

@article{bb352010,
        AUTHOR = "Kahan, A. and Pavlidis, T. and Baird, H.S.",
        TITLE = "On the Recognition of Printed Characters of any Font and Size",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "9",
        YEAR = "1987",
        NUMBER = "2",
        MONTH = "March",
        PAGES = "274-288",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346253"}

@inproceedings{bb352011,
        AUTHOR = "Baird, H.S. and Kahan, A. and Pavlidis, T.",
        TITLE = "Components of an Omnifont Page Reader",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR86,
        YEAR = "1986",
        PAGES = "344-348",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346254"}

@inproceedings{bb352012,
        AUTHOR = "Kobayashi, K. and Sakurai, A. and Sato, G.",
        TITLE = "Character recognition method and system capable of
recognizing slant characters",
        BOOKTITLE = US_Patent,
        YEAR = "1988",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346255"}

@inproceedings{bb352013,
        AUTHOR = "Scott, W.C.",
        TITLE = "Method of optical character recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = US_Patent,
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346256"}

@inproceedings{bb352014,
        AUTHOR = "Scott, W.C.",
        TITLE = "Character recognition method and apparatus",
        BOOKTITLE = US_Patent,
        YEAR = "1983",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346257"}

@inproceedings{bb352015,
        AUTHOR = "Gaborski, R.S. and Beato, L.J. and Barski, L.L. and Tan, H.L. and Assad, A.M. and Dutton, D.L.",
        TITLE = "Optical character recognition neural network system for
machine-printed characters",
        BOOKTITLE = US_Patent,
        YEAR = "1991",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346258"}

@inproceedings{bb352016,
        AUTHOR = "Beato, L.J.",
        TITLE = "Character normalization using an elliptical sampling window
for optical character recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = US_Patent,
        YEAR = "1990",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346259"}

@inproceedings{bb352017,
        AUTHOR = "Yamanari, M.",
        TITLE = "Character reading system and method",
        BOOKTITLE = US_Patent,
        YEAR = "1992",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346260"}

@inproceedings{bb352018,
        AUTHOR = "Martin, G.J. and Chen, R.Y. and Cook, J.F. and Mason, J.A.",
        TITLE = "Character recognition method using statistically weighted correlation",
        BOOKTITLE = US_Patent,
        YEAR = "1992",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346261"}

@inproceedings{bb352019,
        AUTHOR = "Mason, J.A. and Martin, G.J. and Chen, R.Y. and Cook, J.F.",
        TITLE = "Character recognition method using optimally weighted correlation",
        BOOKTITLE = US_Patent,
        YEAR = "1993",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346262"}

@article{bb352020,
        AUTHOR = "Sinha, R.M.K. and Prasada, B. and Houle, G.F. and Sabourin, M.",
        TITLE = "Hybrid Contextual Text Recognition with String Matching",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "15",
        YEAR = "1993",
        NUMBER = "9",
        MONTH = "September",
        PAGES = "915-925",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346263"}

@inproceedings{bb352021,
        AUTHOR = "Sato, T.",
        TITLE = "Character Reading System",
        BOOKTITLE = US_Patent,
        YEAR = "1995",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346264"}

@inproceedings{bb352022,
        AUTHOR = "Bernzott, P. and Dilworth, J. and George, D. and Higgins, B. and Knight, J.",
        TITLE = "Optical character recognition method and apparatus",
        BOOKTITLE = US_Patent,
        YEAR = "1995",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346265"}

@article{bb352023,
        AUTHOR = "Cheng, H.D. and Xia, D.C.",
        TITLE = "A Novel Parallel Approach to Character-Recognition and Its VLSI 
Implementation",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "29",
        YEAR = "1996",
        NUMBER = "1",
        MONTH = "January",
        PAGES = "97-119",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346266"}

@inproceedings{bb352024,
        AUTHOR = "Bokser, M. and Pon, L. and Yang, J. and Choy, K.",
        TITLE = "Pattern recognition employing arbitrary segmentation and compound probabilistic evaluation",
        BOOKTITLE = US_Patent,
        YEAR = "1999",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346267"}

@article{bb352025,
        AUTHOR = "Xu, Y.H. and Nagy, G.",
        TITLE = "Prototype Extraction and Adaptive OCR",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "21",
        YEAR = "1999",
        NUMBER = "12",
        MONTH = "December",
        PAGES = "1280-1296",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346268"}

@article{bb352026,
        AUTHOR = "Prevost, L. and Milgram, M.",
        TITLE = "Modelizing character allographs in omni-scriptor frame:
A New Non-Supervised Clustering Algorithm",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "21",
        YEAR = "2000",
        NUMBER = "3",
        MONTH = "March",
        PAGES = "295-302",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346269"}

@inproceedings{bb352027,
        AUTHOR = "Prevost, L. and Milgram, M.",
        TITLE = "Automatic Allograph Selection and Multiple Expert Classification for
Totally Unconstrained Handwritten Character Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR98,
        YEAR = "1998",
        PAGES = "Vol I: 381-383",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346270"}

@inproceedings{bb352028,
        AUTHOR = "Prevost, L. and Milgram, M.",
        TITLE = "Static and Dynamic Classifier Fusion for Character Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR97,
        YEAR = "1997",
        PAGES = "499-506",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346271"}

@inproceedings{bb352029,
        AUTHOR = "Andrianasy, F. and Milgram, M.",
        TITLE = "Dynamic character recognition using an elastic matching",
        BOOKTITLE = CAIP95,
        YEAR = "1995",
        PAGES = "888-893",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346272"}

@inproceedings{bb352030,
        AUTHOR = "Nemoto, N. and Takahashi, H.",
        TITLE = "Optical character recognition system and method using special
normalization for special characters",
        BOOKTITLE = US_Patent,
        YEAR = "2000",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346273"}

@article{bb352031,
        AUTHOR = "Prevost, L. and Oudot, L. and Moises, A. and Michel Sendis, C. and Milgram, M.",
        TITLE = "Hybrid generative/discriminative classifier for unconstrained character
recognition",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "26",
        YEAR = "2005",
        NUMBER = "12",
        MONTH = "September",
        PAGES = "1840-1848",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346274"}

@inproceedings{bb352032,
        AUTHOR = "Prevost, L. and Michel Sendis, C. and Moises, A. and Oudot, L. and Milgram, M.",
        TITLE = "Combining model-based and discriminative classifiers:
Application to handwritten character recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "31-35",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346275"}

@article{bb352033,
        AUTHOR = "Park, J. and Govindaraju, V. and Srihari, S.N.",
        TITLE = "OCR in a Hierarchical Feature Space",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "22",
        YEAR = "2000",
        NUMBER = "4",
        MONTH = "April",
        PAGES = "400-407",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346276"}

@article{bb352034,
        AUTHOR = "Taghva, K. and Stofsky, E.",
        TITLE = "OCRSpell:
An Interactive Spelling Correction System for OCR Errors in Text",
        JOURNAL = IJDAR,
        VOLUME = "3",
        YEAR = "2001",
        NUMBER = "3",
        PAGES = "125-137",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346277"}

@inproceedings{bb352035,
        AUTHOR = "Ball, S.R.",
        TITLE = "Character Recognition Method",
        BOOKTITLE = US_Patent,
        YEAR = "2001",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346278"}

@inproceedings{bb352036,
        AUTHOR = "Motoiwa, K.",
        TITLE = "Document character reading system",
        BOOKTITLE = US_Patent,
        YEAR = "2002",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346279"}

@article{bb352037,
        AUTHOR = "Hussmann, S. and Deng, P.W.P.",
        TITLE = "A high-speed optical mark reader hardware implementation at low cost
using programmable logic",
        JOURNAL = RealTimeImg,
        VOLUME = "11",
        YEAR = "2005",
        NUMBER = "1",
        MONTH = "February",
        PAGES = "19-30",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346280"}

@inproceedings{bb352038,
        AUTHOR = "Polonowski, J.P.",
        TITLE = "Character recognition system and method",
        BOOKTITLE = US_Patent,
        YEAR = "2003",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346281"}

@article{bb352039,
        AUTHOR = "Taron, M. and Paragios, N. and Jolly, M.P.",
        TITLE = "Registration with Uncertainties and Statistical Modeling of Shapes with
Variable Metric Kernels",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "31",
        YEAR = "2009",
        NUMBER = "1",
        MONTH = "January",
        PAGES = "99-113",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346282"}

@inproceedings{bb352040,
        AUTHOR = "Taron, M. and Paragios, N. and Jolly, M.P.",
        TITLE = "Modelling Shapes with Uncertainties: Higher Order Polynomials, Variable
Bandwidth Kernels and Non Parametric Density Estimation",
        BOOKTITLE = ICCV05,
        YEAR = "2005",
        PAGES = "II: 1659-1666",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346283"}

@article{bb352041,
        AUTHOR = "Mori, M. and Sawaki, M. and Yamato, J.J.",
        TITLE = "Robust Character Recognition Using Adaptive Feature Extraction Method",
        JOURNAL = IEICE,
        VOLUME = "E93-D",
        YEAR = "2010",
        NUMBER = "1",
        MONTH = "January",
        PAGES = "125-133",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346284"}

@inproceedings{bb352042,
        AUTHOR = "Mori, M. and Sawaki, M. and Yamato, J.J.",
        TITLE = "Robust character recognition using adaptive feature extraction",
        BOOKTITLE = IVCNZ08,
        YEAR = "2008",
        PAGES = "1-6",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346285"}

@article{bb352043,
        AUTHOR = "Donoser, M. and Wagner, S. and Bischof, H.",
        TITLE = "Context information from search engines for document recognition",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "31",
        YEAR = "2010",
        NUMBER = "8",
        MONTH = "June",
        PAGES = "750-754",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346286"}

@inproceedings{bb352044,
        AUTHOR = "Donoser, M. and Bischof, H. and Wagner, S.",
        TITLE = "Using web search engines to improve text recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR08,
        YEAR = "2008",
        PAGES = "1-4",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346287"}

@article{bb352045,
        AUTHOR = "Xiu, P.P. and Baird, H.S.",
        TITLE = "Whole-Book Recognition",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "34",
        YEAR = "2012",
        NUMBER = "12",
        MONTH = "December",
        PAGES = "2467-2480",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346288"}

@inproceedings{bb352046,
        AUTHOR = "Xiu, P.P. and Baird, H.S.",
        TITLE = "Incorporating Linguistic Model Adaptation into Whole-Book Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR10,
        YEAR = "2010",
        PAGES = "2057-2060",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346289"}

@inproceedings{bb352047,
        AUTHOR = "Xiu, P.P. and Baird, H.S.",
        TITLE = "Scaling Up Whole-Book Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "698-702",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346290"}

@article{bb352048,
        AUTHOR = "Katsuyama, Y. and Hotta, Y. and Omachi, M. and Omachi, S.",
        TITLE = "High Speed and High Accuracy Pre-Classification Method for OCR:
Margin Added Hashing",
        JOURNAL = IEICE,
        VOLUME = "E96-D",
        YEAR = "2013",
        NUMBER = "9",
        MONTH = "September",
        PAGES = "2087-2095",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346291"}

@article{bb352049,
        AUTHOR = "Caluori, U. and Simon, K.",
        TITLE = "DETEXTIVE optical character recognition with pattern matching
on-the-fly",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "48",
        YEAR = "2015",
        NUMBER = "3",
        PAGES = "827-836",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346292"}

@inproceedings{bb352050,
        AUTHOR = "Mor, N. and Wolf, L.B.",
        TITLE = "Confidence Prediction for Lexicon-Free OCR",
        BOOKTITLE = WACV18,
        YEAR = "2018",
        PAGES = "218-225",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346293"}

@inproceedings{bb352051,
        AUTHOR = "Fujitake, M.",
        TITLE = "DTrOCR: Decoder-only Transformer for Optical Character Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = WACV24,
        YEAR = "2024",
        PAGES = "8010-8020",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346294"}

@inproceedings{bb352052,
        AUTHOR = "Huang, J. and Pang, G. and Kovvuri, R. and Toh, M. and Liang, K.J. and Krishnan, P. and Yin, X. and Hassner, T.",
        TITLE = "A Multiplexed Network for End-to-End, Multilingual OCR",
        BOOKTITLE = CVPR21,
        YEAR = "2021",
        PAGES = "4545-4555",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346295"}

@inproceedings{bb352053,
        AUTHOR = "Goussies, N.A. and Ubalde, S. and Gomez Fernandez, F. and Mejail, M.E.",
        TITLE = "Optical character recognition using transfer learning decision
forests",
        BOOKTITLE = ICIP14,
        YEAR = "2014",
        PAGES = "4309-4313",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346296"}

@inproceedings{bb352054,
        AUTHOR = "Sankaran, N. and Jawahar, C.V.",
        TITLE = "Error Detection in Highly Inflectional Languages",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "1135-1139",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346297"}

@inproceedings{bb352055,
        AUTHOR = "Cutter, M.P. and Manduchi, R.",
        TITLE = "Real Time Camera Phone Guidance for Compliant Document Image
Acquisition without Sight",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "408-412",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346298"}

@inproceedings{bb352056,
        AUTHOR = "Kobayashi, T. and Iwamura, M. and Matsuda, T. and Kise, K.",
        TITLE = "An Anytime Algorithm for Camera-Based Character Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "1140-1144",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346299"}

@inproceedings{bb352057,
        AUTHOR = "Agarwal, A. and Garg, R. and Chaudhury, S.",
        TITLE = "Greedy Search for Active Learning of OCR",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "837-841",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346300"}

@inproceedings{bb352058,
        AUTHOR = "Wemhoener, D. and Yalniz, I.Z. and Manmatha, R.",
        TITLE = "Creating an Improved Version Using Noisy OCR from Multiple Editions",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "160-164",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346301"}

@inproceedings{bb352059,
        AUTHOR = "Santosh, K.C.",
        TITLE = "Character Recognition Based on DTW-Radon",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR11,
        YEAR = "2011",
        PAGES = "264-268",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346302"}

@inproceedings{bb352060,
        AUTHOR = "Zhang, J. and Liu, W.Y.",
        TITLE = "A Pixel-level Statistical Structural Descriptor for Shape Measure and
Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "386-390",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346303"}

@inproceedings{bb352061,
        AUTHOR = "Uchida, S. and Sakai, M. and Iwamura, M. and Omachi, S. and Kise, K.",
        TITLE = "Extraction of Embedded Class Information from Universal Character
Pattern",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR07,
        YEAR = "2007",
        PAGES = "437-441",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346304"}

@inproceedings{bb352062,
        AUTHOR = "Fu, Q. and Ding, X. and Li, T. and Liu, C.",
        TITLE = "An Effective and Practical Classifier Fusion Strategy for Improving
Handwritten Character Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR07,
        YEAR = "2007",
        PAGES = "1038-1042",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346305"}

@inproceedings{bb352063,
        AUTHOR = "Kim, S. and Park, J. and Kwon, Y.B.",
        TITLE = "An Embedded OCR Software Architecture for Enhancing Portability",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR07,
        YEAR = "2007",
        PAGES = "1004-1008",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346306"}

@inproceedings{bb352064,
        AUTHOR = "Wang, K. and Wang, Q.",
        TITLE = "A High Performance European OCR System",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR07,
        YEAR = "2007",
        PAGES = "232-236",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346307"}

@inproceedings{bb352065,
        AUTHOR = "Goto, H.",
        TITLE = "OCRGrid: A Platform for Distributed and Cooperative OCR Systems",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR06,
        YEAR = "2006",
        PAGES = "II: 982-985",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346308"}

@inproceedings{bb352066,
        AUTHOR = "Lucas, S.M. and Cho, K.T.",
        TITLE = "Fast convolutional OCR with the scanning N-tuple grid",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR05,
        YEAR = "2005",
        PAGES = "II: 799-803",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346309"}

@inproceedings{bb352067,
        AUTHOR = "Natarajan, P. and Sundaram, R. and Prasad, R. and MacRostie, E.",
        TITLE = "Character duration modeling for speed improvements in the BBN Byblos
OCR system",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR05,
        YEAR = "2005",
        PAGES = "II: 1136-1140",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346310"}

@inproceedings{bb352068,
        AUTHOR = "Decerbo, M. and Natarajan, P. and Prasad, R. and MacRostie, E. and Ravindran, A.",
        TITLE = "Performance improvements to the BBN Byblos OCR system",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR05,
        YEAR = "2005",
        PAGES = "I: 411-415",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346311"}

@inproceedings{bb352069,
        AUTHOR = "Savchynskyy, B. and Kamotskyy, O.",
        TITLE = "Character templates learning for textual images recognition as an
example of learning in structural recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = DIAL06,
        YEAR = "2006",
        PAGES = "88-95",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346312"}

@inproceedings{bb352070,
        AUTHOR = "Doguscu, S. and Unel, M.",
        TITLE = "Character Recognition Using Canonical Invariants",
        BOOKTITLE = ICIAR04,
        YEAR = "2004",
        PAGES = "I: 432-439",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346313"}

@inproceedings{bb352071,
        AUTHOR = "Hase, H. and Shinokawa, T. and Yoneda, M. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "Recognition of rotated characters by Eigen-space",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "731-735",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346314"}

@inproceedings{bb352072,
        AUTHOR = "Breuel, T.M.",
        TITLE = "Character recognition by adaptive statistical similarity",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "158-162",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346315"}

@inproceedings{bb352073,
        AUTHOR = "Sakano, H.",
        TITLE = "Genetic translator: how to apply query learning to practical OCR",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR02,
        YEAR = "2002",
        PAGES = "III: 184-187",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346316"}

@inproceedings{bb352074,
        AUTHOR = "Ho, T.K. and Nagy, G.",
        TITLE = "Exploration of contextual constraints for character pre-classification",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR01,
        YEAR = "2001",
        PAGES = "450-454",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346317"}

@inproceedings{bb352075,
        AUTHOR = "Ho, T.K. and Nagy, G.",
        TITLE = "OCR with no Shape Training",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR00,
        YEAR = "2000",
        PAGES = "Vol IV: 27-30",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346318"}

@inproceedings{bb352076,
        AUTHOR = "Nakano, Y.",
        TITLE = "Needs and Seeds in Character Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR00,
        YEAR = "2000",
        PAGES = "Vol IV: 140-146",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346319"}

@inproceedings{bb352077,
        AUTHOR = "Huang, Y.S. and Tu, L.T. and Shie, A.J. and Shyu, I.I. and Liang, M.C. and Tsay, R.Y. and Huang, P.K. and Liu, K. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "A Design Methodology for Highly Reliable Character Recognition Systems",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR97,
        YEAR = "1997",
        PAGES = "Poste",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346320"}

@inproceedings{bb352078,
        AUTHOR = "Cinque, L. and di Zenzo, S. and Levialdi, S.",
        TITLE = "Recognition of rotated characters by inexact matching",
        BOOKTITLE = CIAP95,
        YEAR = "1995",
        PAGES = "600-605",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346321"}

@inproceedings{bb352079,
        AUTHOR = "Takahashi, H.",
        TITLE = "Neural network architectures for rotated character recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR92,
        YEAR = "1992",
        PAGES = "II:623-626",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346322"}

@inproceedings{bb352080,
        AUTHOR = "Menu, E. and Lefrere, L. and Lecourtier, Y.",
        TITLE = "A new method of distortion-invariant character recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR92,
        YEAR = "1992",
        PAGES = "II:599-602",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1000.html#TT346323"}

@article{bb352081,
        AUTHOR = "Thomas, A.O. and Rusu, A. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "Synthetic handwritten CAPTCHAs",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "42",
        YEAR = "2009",
        NUMBER = "12",
        MONTH = "December",
        PAGES = "3365-3373",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1001cap1.html#TT346324"}

@article{bb352082,
        AUTHOR = "Rusu, A. and Thomas, A.O. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "Generation and use of handwritten CAPTCHAs",
        JOURNAL = IJDAR,
        VOLUME = "13",
        YEAR = "2010",
        NUMBER = "1",
        MONTH = "March",
        PAGES = "xx-yy",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1001cap1.html#TT346325"}

@inproceedings{bb352083,
        AUTHOR = "Ramaiah, C. and Plamondon, R. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "A sigma-lognormal model for character level CAPTCHA generation",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR15,
        YEAR = "2015",
        PAGES = "966-970",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1001cap1.html#TT346326"}

@inproceedings{bb352084,
        AUTHOR = "Ramaiah, C. and Plamondon, R. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "A Sigma-Lognormal Model for Handwritten Text CAPTCHA Generation",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR14,
        YEAR = "2014",
        PAGES = "250-255",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1001cap1.html#TT346327"}

@article{bb352085,
        AUTHOR = "Starostenko, O. and Cruz Perez, C. and Uceda Ponga, F. and Alarcon Aquino, V.",
        TITLE = "Breaking text-based CAPTCHAs with variable word and character
orientation",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "48",
        YEAR = "2015",
        NUMBER = "4",
        PAGES = "1101-1112",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1001cap1.html#TT346328"}

@inproceedings{bb352086,
        AUTHOR = "Cruz Perez, C. and Starostenko, O. and Uceda Ponga, F. and Alarcon Aquino, V. and Reyes Cabrera, L.",
        TITLE = "Breaking reCAPTCHAs with Unpredictable Collapse: Heuristic Character
Segmentation and Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = MCPR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "155-165",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1001cap1.html#TT346329"}

@article{bb352087,
        AUTHOR = "Khan, M. and Shah, T. and Batool, S.I.",
        TITLE = "A new implementation of chaotic S-boxes in CAPTCHA",
        JOURNAL = SIViP,
        VOLUME = "10",
        YEAR = "2016",
        NUMBER = "1",
        MONTH = "February",
        PAGES = "293-300",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1001cap1.html#TT346330"}

@article{bb352088,
        AUTHOR = "Hajjdiab, H.",
        TITLE = "Random Image Matching CAPTCHA System",
        JOURNAL = ELCVIA,
        VOLUME = "16",
        YEAR = "2017",
        NUMBER = "3",
        PAGES = "1-13",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1001cap1.html#TT346331"}

@article{bb352089,
        AUTHOR = "Kwon, H. and Kim, Y. and Yoon, H. and Choi, D.",
        TITLE = "CAPTCHA Image Generation Systems Using Generative Adversarial Networks",
        JOURNAL = IEICE,
        VOLUME = "E101-D",
        YEAR = "2018",
        NUMBER = "2",
        MONTH = "February",
        PAGES = "543-546",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1001cap1.html#TT346332"}

@article{bb352090,
        AUTHOR = "Chen, Z. and Ma, W.F. and Xu, N.F. and Ji, C.T. and Zhang, Y.L.",
        TITLE = "SiameseCCR: a novel method for one-shot and few-shot Chinese CAPTCHA
recognition using deep Siamese network",
        JOURNAL = IET-IPR,
        VOLUME = "14",
        YEAR = "2020",
        NUMBER = "12",
        MONTH = "October",
        PAGES = "2855-2859",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1001cap1.html#TT346333"}

@article{bb352091,
        AUTHOR = "Zhang, J.M. and Sang, J. and Xu, K.Y. and Wu, S.X. and Zhao, X. and Sun, Y.F. and Hu, Y.L. and Yu, J.",
        TITLE = "Robust CAPTCHAs Towards Malicious OCR",
        JOURNAL = MultMed,
        VOLUME = "23",
        YEAR = "2021",
        PAGES = "2575-2587",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1001cap1.html#TT346334"}

@article{bb352092,
        AUTHOR = "Hitaj, D. and Hitaj, B. and Jajodia, S. and Mancini, L.V.",
        TITLE = "Capture the Bot: Using Adversarial Examples to Improve CAPTCHA
Robustness to Bot Attacks",
        JOURNAL = IEEE_Int_Sys,
        VOLUME = "36",
        YEAR = "2021",
        NUMBER = "5",
        MONTH = "September",
        PAGES = "104-112",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1001cap1.html#TT346335"}

@article{bb352093,
        AUTHOR = "Acien, A. and Morales, A. and Fierrez, J. and Vera Rodriguez, R.",
        TITLE = "BeCAPTCHA-Mouse: Synthetic mouse trajectories and improved bot
detection",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "127",
        YEAR = "2022",
        PAGES = "108643",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1001cap1.html#TT346336"}

@article{bb352094,
        AUTHOR = "Shi, C.H. and Xu, X.G. and Ji, S.L. and Bu, K. and Chen, J.H. and Beyah, R. and Wang, T.",
        TITLE = "Adversarial CAPTCHAs",
        JOURNAL = Cyber,
        VOLUME = "52",
        YEAR = "2022",
        NUMBER = "7",
        MONTH = "July",
        PAGES = "6095-6108",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1001cap1.html#TT346337"}

@article{bb352095,
        AUTHOR = "Arora, A. and Garg, H. and Shivani, S.",
        TITLE = "Anti-phishing technique based on dynamic image captcha using multi
secret sharing scheme",
        JOURNAL = JVCIR,
        VOLUME = "88",
        YEAR = "2022",
        PAGES = "103624",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1001cap1.html#TT346338"}

@article{bb352096,
        AUTHOR = "Wang, P. and Gao, H. and Guo, X.Y. and Xiao, C.X. and Qi, F.Q. and Yan, Z.",
        TITLE = "An Experimental Investigation of Text-Based CAPTCHA Attacks and Their
Robustness",
        JOURNAL = Surveys,
        VOLUME = "55",
        YEAR = "2023",
        NUMBER = "9",
        MONTH = "January",
        PAGES = "xx-yy",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1001cap1.html#TT346339"}

@inproceedings{bb352097,
        AUTHOR = "Li, J.M. and Fu, L. and Yang, S. and Wei, H.",
        TITLE = "HIEI: A Universal Framework for Generating High-quality Emerging Images
from Natural Images",
        BOOKTITLE = ECCV24,
        YEAR = "2024",
        PAGES = "XXXI: 129-145",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1001cap1.html#TT346340"}

@inproceedings{bb352098,
        AUTHOR = "Ferreira, D.D. and Leira, L. and Mihaylova, P. and Georgieva, P.",
        TITLE = "Breaking Text-Based CAPTCHA with Sparse Convolutional Neural Networks",
        BOOKTITLE = IbPRIA19,
        YEAR = "2019",
        PAGES = "II:404-415",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1001cap1.html#TT346341"}

@inproceedings{bb352099,
        AUTHOR = "Jalwana, M.A.A.K. and Khan, M.M. and Ilyas, M.U.",
        TITLE = "Automatic Identification of CAPTCHA Schemes",
        BOOKTITLE = ISVC14,
        YEAR = "2014",
        PAGES = "II: 416-426",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1001cap1.html#TT346342"}

Last update:Jul 7, 2025 at 14:35:55