@article{bb370100,
        AUTHOR = "Bakis, R. and Herbst, N.M. and Nagy, G.",
        TITLE = "A Experimental Study of Machine Recognition of Hand-Printed Numerals",
        JOURNAL = SSC,
        VOLUME = "4",
        YEAR = "1968",
        NUMBER = "2",
        MONTH = "July",
        PAGES = "119-132",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364224"}

@article{bb370101,
        AUTHOR = "Siy, P. and Chen, C.S.",
        TITLE = "Fuzzy Logic for Handwritten Numeral Character Recognition",
        JOURNAL = SMC,
        VOLUME = "4",
        YEAR = "1974",
        PAGES = "570-575",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364225"}

@article{bb370102,
        AUTHOR = "Pavlidis, T. and Ali, F.",
        TITLE = "Computer Recognition of Handwritten Numerals by
Polygonal Approximations",
        JOURNAL = SMC,
        VOLUME = "7",
        YEAR = "1975",
        PAGES = "610-614",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364226"}

@article{bb370103,
        AUTHOR = "Impedovo, S. and Marangelli, B. and Plantamura, V.L.",
        TITLE = "Real Time Recognition of Handwritten Numerals",
        JOURNAL = SMC,
        VOLUME = "6",
        YEAR = "1976",
        NUMBER = "2",
        MONTH = "February",
        PAGES = "145-148",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364227"}

@article{bb370104,
        AUTHOR = "Impedovo, S. and Fanelli, A.M. and Marangelli, B.",
        TITLE = "A Fourier Descriptor Set for Recognizing Non-Stylized Numerals",
        JOURNAL = SMC,
        VOLUME = "8",
        YEAR = "1978",
        NUMBER = "8",
        MONTH = "August",
        PAGES = "640-645",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364228"}

@inproceedings{bb370105,
        AUTHOR = "Impedovo, S. and Fanelli, A.M.",
        TITLE = "Interactive System for Hand-Written Numeral Classification Based
on Fourier Descriptors",
        BOOKTITLE = CIAP80,
        YEAR = "1980",
        PAGES = "135-139",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364229"}

@inproceedings{bb370106,
        AUTHOR = "Impedovo, S. and Abbattista, N.",
        TITLE = "Hand-Written Numeral Recognition : The Organization Degree Measurement",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR82,
        YEAR = "1982",
        PAGES = "40-43",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364230"}

@inproceedings{bb370107,
        AUTHOR = "Dimauro, G. and Impedovo, S. and Modugno, R. and Pirlo, G.",
        TITLE = "Numeral recognition by weighting local decisions",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "1070-1074",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364231"}

@inproceedings{bb370108,
        AUTHOR = "Dimauro, G. and Impedovo, S. and Pirlo, G. and Salzo, A.",
        TITLE = "Zoning design for handwritten numeral recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = CIAP97,
        YEAR = "1997",
        PAGES = "II: 592-599",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364232"}

@inproceedings{bb370109,
        AUTHOR = "Impedovo, S. and Dimauro, G.",
        TITLE = "An interactive system for the selection of handwritten numeral classes",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR90,
        YEAR = "1990",
        PAGES = "I: 563-566",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364233"}

@inproceedings{bb370110,
        AUTHOR = "Impedovo, S. and Pirlo, G.",
        TITLE = "Class-oriented recognizer design by weighting local decisions",
        BOOKTITLE = CIAP03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "676-681",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364234"}

@article{bb370111,
        AUTHOR = "Shridhar, M. and Badreldin, A.",
        TITLE = "Handwritten Numeral Recognition by Tree Classification Methods",
        JOURNAL = IVC,
        VOLUME = "2",
        YEAR = "1984",
        NUMBER = "3",
        MONTH = "August",
        PAGES = "143-149",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364235"}

@inproceedings{bb370112,
        AUTHOR = "Shridhar, M. and Badreldin, A.",
        TITLE = "A Tree Classification Algorithm for Handwritten Character Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR84,
        YEAR = "1984",
        PAGES = "615-618",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364236"}

@article{bb370113,
        AUTHOR = "Shridhar, M. and Badreldin, A.",
        TITLE = "Recognition of Isolated and Simply Connected Handwritten Numerals",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "19",
        YEAR = "1986",
        NUMBER = "1",
        PAGES = "1-12",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364237"}

@article{bb370114,
        AUTHOR = "Shridhar, M. and Badreldin, A.",
        TITLE = "Context-Directed Segmentation Algorithm for
Handwritten Numeral Strings",
        JOURNAL = IVC,
        VOLUME = "5",
        YEAR = "1987",
        NUMBER = "1",
        MONTH = "February",
        PAGES = "3-9",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364238"}

@article{bb370115,
        AUTHOR = "Shridhar, M. and Badreldin, A.",
        TITLE = "A High-Accuracy Syntactic Recognition Algorithm for
Handwritten Numerals",
        JOURNAL = SMC,
        VOLUME = "15",
        YEAR = "1985",
        PAGES = "152-158",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364239"}

@article{bb370116,
        AUTHOR = "Huang, J.S. and Chuang, K.",
        TITLE = "Heuristic Approach to Handwritten Numeral Recognition",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "19",
        YEAR = "1986",
        NUMBER = "1",
        PAGES = "15-19",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364240"}

@article{bb370117,
        AUTHOR = "Ray, S.",
        TITLE = "A Heuristic Noise Reduction Algorithm Applied to
Handwritten Numeric Characters",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "7",
        YEAR = "1988",
        PAGES = "9-12",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364241"}

@article{bb370118,
        AUTHOR = "Baptista, G. and Kulkarni, K.M.",
        TITLE = "A High Accuracy Algorithm for Recognition of Handwritten Numerals",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "21",
        YEAR = "1988",
        NUMBER = "4",
        PAGES = "287-291",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364242"}

@article{bb370119,
        AUTHOR = "Gader, P.D. and Forester, B. and Ganzberger, M. and Billies, A. and Mitchell, B. and Whalen, M. and Yocum, T.",
        TITLE = "Recognition of Handwritten Digits Using Template and Model Matching",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "24",
        YEAR = "1991",
        NUMBER = "5",
        PAGES = "421-431",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364243"}

@article{bb370120,
        AUTHOR = "Westall, J.M. and Narasimha, M.S.",
        TITLE = "Vertex Directed Segmentation of Handwritten Numerals",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "26",
        YEAR = "1993",
        NUMBER = "10",
        MONTH = "October",
        PAGES = "1473-1486",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364244"}

@article{bb370121,
        AUTHOR = "Gupta, A. and Nagendraprasad, M.V. and Liu, A. and Wang, P.S.P. and Ayyadurai, S.",
        TITLE = "An Integrated Architecture for Recognition of 
Totally Unconstrained Handwritten Numerals",
        JOURNAL = PRAI,
        VOLUME = "7",
        YEAR = "1993",
        NUMBER = "4",
        PAGES = "757-773",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364245"}

@article{bb370122,
        AUTHOR = "Yan, H.",
        TITLE = "Handwritten Digit Recognition Using an Optimized 
Nearest-Neighbor Classifier",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "15",
        YEAR = "1994",
        NUMBER = "2",
        MONTH = "February",
        PAGES = "207-211",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364246"}

@article{bb370123,
        AUTHOR = "Yan, H.",
        TITLE = "Prototype optimization for nearest neighbor classifiers using a
two-layer perceptron",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "26",
        YEAR = "1993",
        NUMBER = "2",
        MONTH = "February",
        PAGES = "317-324",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364247"}

@article{bb370124,
        AUTHOR = "AbuHaiba, I.S.I. and Ahmed, P.",
        TITLE = "A fuzzy graph theoretic approach to recognize the totally unconstrained
handwritten numerals",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "26",
        YEAR = "1993",
        NUMBER = "9",
        MONTH = "September",
        PAGES = "1335-1350",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364248"}

@article{bb370125,
        AUTHOR = "Chi, Z.R. and Yan, H.",
        TITLE = "Handwritten Numeral Recognition Using a Small Number of
Fuzzy Rules with Optimized Defuzzification Parameters",
        JOURNAL = NeurNet,
        VOLUME = "8",
        YEAR = "1995",
        NUMBER = "5",
        PAGES = "821-827",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364249"}

@article{bb370126,
        AUTHOR = "Chi, Z.R. and Suters, M. and Yan, H.",
        TITLE = "Handwritten Digit Recognition Using Combined ID3-Derived Fuzzy Rules
and Markov-Chains",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "29",
        YEAR = "1996",
        NUMBER = "11",
        MONTH = "November",
        PAGES = "1821-1833",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364250"}

@article{bb370127,
        AUTHOR = "Chi, Z. and Wu, J. and Yan, H.",
        TITLE = "Handwritten numeral recognition using self-organizing maps and fuzzy
rules",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "28",
        YEAR = "1995",
        NUMBER = "1",
        MONTH = "January",
        PAGES = "59-66",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364251"}

@article{bb370128,
        AUTHOR = "Cheng, D.H. and Yan, H.",
        TITLE = "Recognition of Handwritten Digits Based on Contour Information",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "31",
        YEAR = "1998",
        NUMBER = "3",
        MONTH = "March",
        PAGES = "235-255",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364252"}

@article{bb370129,
        AUTHOR = "Hu, J.M. and Yan, H.",
        TITLE = "Structural Primitive Extraction and Coding for
Handwritten Numeral Recognition",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "31",
        YEAR = "1998",
        NUMBER = "5",
        MONTH = "May",
        PAGES = "493-509",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364253"}

@article{bb370130,
        AUTHOR = "Hu, J.M. and Yan, H.",
        TITLE = "A Model-Based Segmentation Method for Handwritten Numeral Strings",
        JOURNAL = CVIU,
        VOLUME = "70",
        YEAR = "1998",
        NUMBER = "3",
        MONTH = "June",
        PAGES = "383-403",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364254"}

@article{bb370131,
        AUTHOR = "Hu, J.M. and Yu, D.G. and Yan, H.",
        TITLE = "A Multiple Point Boundary Smoothing Algorithm",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "19",
        YEAR = "1998",
        NUMBER = "8",
        MONTH = "June",
        PAGES = "657-668",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364255"}

@article{bb370132,
        AUTHOR = "Hu, J.M. and Yu, D.G. and Yan, H.",
        TITLE = "Construction of partitioning paths for touching handwritten characters",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "20",
        YEAR = "1999",
        NUMBER = "3",
        MONTH = "March",
        PAGES = "293-303",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364256"}

@inproceedings{bb370133,
        AUTHOR = "Yu, D.G. and Yan, H. and Hu, J.M.",
        TITLE = "Algorithms for Partitioning Path Construction of
Handwritten Numeral Strings",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR98,
        YEAR = "1998",
        PAGES = "Vol I: 372-374",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364257"}

@article{bb370134,
        AUTHOR = "Wakahara, T.",
        TITLE = "Shape-Matching Using LAT and its Application to 
Handwritten Numeral Recognition",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "16",
        YEAR = "1994",
        NUMBER = "6",
        MONTH = "June",
        PAGES = "618-629",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364258"}

@inproceedings{bb370135,
        AUTHOR = "Wakahara, T.",
        TITLE = "Multi-template GAT correlation for character recognition with a limited
quantity of data",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR05,
        YEAR = "2005",
        PAGES = "II: 824-828",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364259"}

@inproceedings{bb370136,
        AUTHOR = "Wakahara, T.",
        TITLE = "Shape matching using GAT correlation against nonlinear distortion and
its application to handwritten numeral recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "54-59",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364260"}

@inproceedings{bb370137,
        AUTHOR = "Yamashita, Y. and Wakahara, T.",
        TITLE = "Subspace Methods with Globally/Locally Weighted Correlation Matrix",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR10,
        YEAR = "2010",
        PAGES = "4259-4262",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364261"}

@article{bb370138,
        AUTHOR = "Wakahara, T. and Yamashita, Y.",
        TITLE = "k-NN classification of handwritten characters via accelerated GAT
correlation",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "47",
        YEAR = "2014",
        NUMBER = "3",
        PAGES = "994-1001",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364262"}

@inproceedings{bb370139,
        AUTHOR = "Yamashita, Y. and Wakahara, T.",
        TITLE = "k-NN classification of handwritten characters via accelerated GAT
correlation",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "143-148",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364262"}

@inproceedings{bb370140,
        AUTHOR = "Wakahara, T. and Yamashita, Y.",
        TITLE = "Affine-Invariant Recognition of Handwritten Characters via Accelerated
KL Divergence Minimization",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR11,
        YEAR = "2011",
        PAGES = "1095-1099",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364263"}

@inproceedings{bb370141,
        AUTHOR = "Wakahara, T. and Yamashita, Y.",
        TITLE = "Multi-template GAT/PAT Correlation for Character Recognition with a
Limited Quantity of Data",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR10,
        YEAR = "2010",
        PAGES = "2873-2876",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364264"}

@article{bb370142,
        AUTHOR = "Yamashita, Y. and Wakahara, T.",
        TITLE = "Affine-transformation and 2D-projection invariant k-NN classification
of handwritten characters via a new matching measure",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "52",
        YEAR = "2016",
        NUMBER = "1",
        PAGES = "459-470",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364265"}

@inproceedings{bb370143,
        AUTHOR = "Wakahara, T. and Wakahara, T.",
        TITLE = "Enhanced GPT Correlation for 2D Projection Transformation Invariant
Template Matching",
        BOOKTITLE = GCPR15,
        YEAR = "2015",
        PAGES = "435-445",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364266"}

@inproceedings{bb370144,
        AUTHOR = "Wakahara, T. and Wakahara, T.",
        TITLE = "GPT Correlation for 2D Projection Transformation Invariant Template
Matching",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR14,
        YEAR = "2014",
        PAGES = "3810-3815",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364267"}

@inproceedings{bb370145,
        AUTHOR = "Yamashita, Y. and Wakahara, T.",
        TITLE = "k-NN Classification of Handwritten Characters Using a New
Distortion-Tolerant Matching Measure",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR14,
        YEAR = "2014",
        PAGES = "262-267",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364268"}

@article{bb370146,
        AUTHOR = "Bailey, R.R. and Srinath, M.",
        TITLE = "Orthogonal Moment Features for Use with Parametric and
Nonparametric Classifiers",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "18",
        YEAR = "1996",
        NUMBER = "4",
        MONTH = "April",
        PAGES = "389-399",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364269"}

@article{bb370147,
        AUTHOR = "Heikkonen, J. and Mantynen, N.",
        TITLE = "A Computer Vision Approach to Digit Recognition on Pulp Bales",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "17",
        YEAR = "1996",
        NUMBER = "4",
        MONTH = "April",
        PAGES = "413-419",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364270"}

@article{bb370148,
        AUTHOR = "Revow, M. and Williams, C.K.I. and Hinton, G.E.",
        TITLE = "Using Generative Models for Handwritten Digit Recognition",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "18",
        YEAR = "1996",
        NUMBER = "6",
        MONTH = "June",
        PAGES = "592-606",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364271"}

@article{bb370149,
        AUTHOR = "Hinton, G.E. and Dayan, P. and Revow, M.",
        TITLE = "Modeling the Manifolds of Images of Handwritten Digits",
        JOURNAL = TNN,
        VOLUME = "8",
        YEAR = "1997",
        NUMBER = "1",
        MONTH = "January",
        PAGES = "65-74",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364272"}

@article{bb370150,
        AUTHOR = "Mayraz, G. and Hinton, G.E.",
        TITLE = "Recognizing Handwritten Digits Using Hierarchical Products of Experts",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "24",
        YEAR = "2002",
        NUMBER = "2",
        MONTH = "February",
        PAGES = "189-197",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364273"}

@article{bb370151,
        AUTHOR = "Favata, J.T. and Srikantan, G.",
        TITLE = "A Multiple Feature/Resolution Approach to Handprinted Digit and
Character-Recognition",
        JOURNAL = IJIST,
        VOLUME = "7",
        YEAR = "1996",
        NUMBER = "4",
        PAGES = "304-311",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364274"}

@article{bb370152,
        AUTHOR = "Gorski, N.D. and Gorskaya, L.M.",
        TITLE = "Estimation of Prior Probabilities for Numeral Recognition",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "18",
        YEAR = "1997",
        NUMBER = "1",
        MONTH = "January",
        PAGES = "97-103",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364275"}

@article{bb370153,
        AUTHOR = "Ha, T.M. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "Off-Line, Handwritten Numeral Recognition by Perturbation Method",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "19",
        YEAR = "1997",
        NUMBER = "5",
        MONTH = "May",
        PAGES = "535-539",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364276"}

@inproceedings{bb370154,
        AUTHOR = "Ha, T.M.",
        TITLE = "Efficient detection of abnormalities in large OCR databases",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR97,
        YEAR = "1997",
        PAGES = "1006-1010",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364277"}

@article{bb370155,
        AUTHOR = "Ha, T.M. and Zimmermann, M. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "Off-Line Handwritten Numeral String Recognition by
Combining Segmentation-Based and Segmentation-Free Methods",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "31",
        YEAR = "1998",
        NUMBER = "3",
        MONTH = "March",
        PAGES = "257-272",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364278"}

@article{bb370156,
        AUTHOR = "Chiang, J.H. and Gader, P.D.",
        TITLE = "Recognition of Handprinted Numerals in Visa(R) Card Application Forms",
        JOURNAL = MVA,
        VOLUME = "10",
        YEAR = "1997",
        NUMBER = "3",
        PAGES = "144-149",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364279"}

@article{bb370157,
        AUTHOR = "Amit, Y. and Geman, D. and Wilder, K.",
        TITLE = "Joint Induction of Shape Features and Tree Classifiers",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "19",
        YEAR = "1997",
        NUMBER = "11",
        MONTH = "November",
        PAGES = "1300-1305",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364280"}

@article{bb370158,
        AUTHOR = "Jain, A.K. and Zongker, D.",
        TITLE = "Representation and Recognition of Handwritten Digits
Using Deformable Templates",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "19",
        YEAR = "1997",
        NUMBER = "12",
        MONTH = "December",
        PAGES = "1386-1390",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364281"}

@article{bb370159,
        AUTHOR = "Hamamoto, Y. and Uchimura, S. and Watanabe, M. and Yasuda, T. and Mitani, Y. and Tomita, S.",
        TITLE = "A Gabor Filter Based Method for Recognizing Handwritten Numerals",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "31",
        YEAR = "1998",
        NUMBER = "4",
        MONTH = "April",
        PAGES = "395-400",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364282"}

@inproceedings{bb370160,
        AUTHOR = "Watanabe, M. and Hamamoto, Y. and Yasuda, T. and Tomita, S.",
        TITLE = "Normalization techniques of handwritten numerals for Gabor filters",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR97,
        YEAR = "1997",
        PAGES = "303-307",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364283"}

@inproceedings{bb370161,
        AUTHOR = "Hamamoto, Y. and Uchimura, S. and Watanabe, M. and Yasuda, T. and Tomita, S.",
        TITLE = "Recognition of Handwritten Numerals Using Gabor Features",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR96,
        YEAR = "1996",
        PAGES = "III: 250-253",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364284"}

@article{bb370162,
        AUTHOR = "Reddy, N.V.S. and Nagabhushan, P.",
        TITLE = "A Connectionist Expert System Model for Conflict Resolution in
Unconstrained Handwritten Numeral Recognition",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "19",
        YEAR = "1998",
        NUMBER = "2",
        MONTH = "February",
        PAGES = "161-169",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364285"}

@article{bb370163,
        AUTHOR = "Kim, D.J. and Bang, S.Y.",
        TITLE = "A Handwriting Numeral Character Classification Using Tolerant Rough Set",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "22",
        YEAR = "2000",
        NUMBER = "9",
        MONTH = "September",
        PAGES = "923-937",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364286"}

@article{bb370164,
        AUTHOR = "Lu, Y. and Schlosser, S. and Janeczko, M.",
        TITLE = "Fourier descriptors and handwritten digit recognition",
        JOURNAL = MVA,
        VOLUME = "6",
        YEAR = "1993",
        NUMBER = "1",
        PAGES = "25-34",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364287"}

@article{bb370165,
        AUTHOR = "Lou, Z. and Liu, K. and Yang, J.Y. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "Rejection Criteria and Pairwise Discrimination of Handwritten Numerals
Based on Structural Features",
        JOURNAL = PAA,
        VOLUME = "2",
        YEAR = "1999",
        NUMBER = "3",
        PAGES = "228-238",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364288"}

@article{bb370166,
        AUTHOR = "Chen, Y.K. and Wang, J.F.",
        TITLE = "Segmentation of Single- or Multiple-Touching Handwritten Numeral String
Using Background and Foreground Analysis",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "22",
        YEAR = "2000",
        NUMBER = "11",
        MONTH = "November",
        PAGES = "1304-1317",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364289"}

@inproceedings{bb370167,
        AUTHOR = "Chen, Y.K. and Wang, J.F.",
        TITLE = "Segmentation of Handwritten Connected Numeral String Using Background
and Foreground Analysis",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR00,
        YEAR = "2000",
        PAGES = "Vol II: 598-601",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364290"}

@article{bb370168,
        AUTHOR = "Portegys, T.E.",
        TITLE = "Recognizing Hand-Printed Digits with a Distance Quasi-Metric",
        JOURNAL = CVIU,
        VOLUME = "80",
        YEAR = "2000",
        NUMBER = "3",
        MONTH = "December",
        PAGES = "289-294",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364291"}

@article{bb370169,
        AUTHOR = "Saradhi, V.V. and Murty, M.N.",
        TITLE = "Bootstrapping for efficient handwritten digit recognition",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "34",
        YEAR = "2001",
        NUMBER = "5",
        MONTH = "May",
        PAGES = "1047-1056",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364292"}

@article{bb370170,
        AUTHOR = "Kim, K.K. and Kim, J.H. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "Segmentation-based recognition of handwritten touching pairs of digits
using structural features",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "23",
        YEAR = "2002",
        NUMBER = "1-3",
        MONTH = "January",
        PAGES = "13-24",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364293"}

@article{bb370171,
        AUTHOR = "Ping, Z. and Lihui, C.",
        TITLE = "A novel feature extraction method and hybrid tree classification for
handwritten numeral recognition",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "23",
        YEAR = "2002",
        NUMBER = "1-3",
        MONTH = "January",
        PAGES = "45-56",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364294"}

@article{bb370172,
        AUTHOR = "Kim, H.C. and Kim, D.J. and Bang, S.Y.",
        TITLE = "A numeral character recognition using the PCA mixture model",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "23",
        YEAR = "2002",
        NUMBER = "1-3",
        MONTH = "January",
        PAGES = "103-111",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364295"}

@article{bb370173,
        AUTHOR = "Shi, M. and Fujisawa, Y. and Wakabayashi, T. and Kimura, F.",
        TITLE = "Handwritten numeral recognition using gradient and curvature of gray
scale image",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "35",
        YEAR = "2002",
        NUMBER = "10",
        MONTH = "October",
        PAGES = "2051-2059",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364296"}

@inproceedings{bb370174,
        AUTHOR = "Shi, M. and Ohyama, W. and Wakabayashi, T. and Kimura, F.",
        TITLE = "Clustering with projection distance and pseudo Bayes discriminant
function for handwritten numeral recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR01,
        YEAR = "2001",
        PAGES = "1007-1011",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364297"}

@inproceedings{bb370175,
        AUTHOR = "Wakabayashi, T. and Shi, M. and Ohyama, W. and Kimura, F.",
        TITLE = "Accuracy improvement of handwritten numeral recognition by mirror image
learning",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR01,
        YEAR = "2001",
        PAGES = "338-343",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364298"}

@article{bb370176,
        AUTHOR = "Teow, L.N. and Loe, K.F.",
        TITLE = "Robust vision-based features and classification schemes for off-line
handwritten digit recognition",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "35",
        YEAR = "2002",
        NUMBER = "11",
        MONTH = "November",
        PAGES = "2355-2364",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364299"}

@inproceedings{bb370177,
        AUTHOR = "Teow, L.N. and Loe, K.F.",
        TITLE = "Handwritten Digit Recognition with a Novel Vision Model that Extracts
Linearly Separable Features",
        BOOKTITLE = CVPR00,
        YEAR = "2000",
        PAGES = "II: 76-81",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364300"}

@article{bb370178,
        AUTHOR = "Chen, G.Y. and Bui, T.D. and Krzyzak, A.",
        TITLE = "Contour-based handwritten numeral recognition using multiwavelets and
neural networks",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "36",
        YEAR = "2003",
        NUMBER = "7",
        MONTH = "July",
        PAGES = "1597-1604",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364301"}

@article{bb370179,
        AUTHOR = "Chen, G.Y. and Bui, T.D. and Krzyzak, A.",
        TITLE = "Rotation invariant pattern recognition using ridgelets, wavelet
cycle-spinning and Fourier features",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "38",
        YEAR = "2005",
        NUMBER = "12",
        MONTH = "December",
        PAGES = "2314-2322",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364302"}

@article{bb370180,
        AUTHOR = "Yang, L.H. and Suen, C.Y. and Bui, T.D. and Zhang, P.",
        TITLE = "Discrimination of similar handwritten numerals based on invariant
curvature features",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "38",
        YEAR = "2005",
        NUMBER = "7",
        MONTH = "July",
        PAGES = "947-963",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364303"}

@inproceedings{bb370181,
        AUTHOR = "Zhang, P. and Bui, T.D. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "Hybrid feature extraction and feature selection for improving
recognition accuracy of handwritten numerals",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR05,
        YEAR = "2005",
        PAGES = "I: 136-140",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364304"}

@inproceedings{bb370182,
        AUTHOR = "Zhang, P. and Suen, C.Y. and Bui, T.D.",
        TITLE = "Multi-modal nonlinear feature reduction for the recognition of
handwritten numerals",
        BOOKTITLE = CRV04,
        YEAR = "2004",
        PAGES = "393-400",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364305"}

@article{bb370183,
        AUTHOR = "Bellili, A. and Gilloux, M. and Gallinari, P.",
        TITLE = "An MLP-SVM combination architecture for offline handwritten digit
recognition: Reduction of recognition errors by Support Vector Machines
rejection mechanisms",
        JOURNAL = IJDAR,
        VOLUME = "5",
        YEAR = "2003",
        NUMBER = "4",
        MONTH = "July",
        PAGES = "244-252",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364306"}

@inproceedings{bb370184,
        AUTHOR = "Bellili, A. and Gilloux, M. and Gallinari, P.",
        TITLE = "An hybrid MLP-SVM handwritten digit recognizer",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR01,
        YEAR = "2001",
        PAGES = "28-32",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364307"}

@article{bb370185,
        AUTHOR = "Goltsev, A. and Rachkovskij, D.",
        TITLE = "Combination of the assembly neural network with a perceptron for
recognition of handwritten digits arranged in numeral strings",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "38",
        YEAR = "2005",
        NUMBER = "3",
        MONTH = "March",
        PAGES = "315-322",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364308"}

@article{bb370186,
        AUTHOR = "Parkins, A.D. and Nandi, A.K.",
        TITLE = "Method for calculating first-order derivative based feature saliency
information in a trained neural network and its application to
handwritten digit recognition",
        JOURNAL = VISP,
        VOLUME = "152",
        YEAR = "2005",
        NUMBER = "2",
        MONTH = "April",
        PAGES = "137-147",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364309"}

@article{bb370187,
        AUTHOR = "Sung, J.M. and Bang, S.Y. and Choi, S.J.",
        TITLE = "A Bayesian network classifier and hierarchical Gabor features for
handwritten numeral recognition",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "27",
        YEAR = "2006",
        NUMBER = "1",
        MONTH = "January",
        PAGES = "66-75",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364310"}

@article{bb370188,
        AUTHOR = "Sung, J.M. and Ghahramani, Z. and Bang, S.Y.",
        TITLE = "Latent-Space Variational Bayes",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "30",
        YEAR = "2008",
        NUMBER = "12",
        MONTH = "December",
        PAGES = "2236-2242",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364311"}

@inproceedings{bb370189,
        AUTHOR = "Sung, J.M. and Bang, S.Y.",
        TITLE = "Hierarchical Bayesian Network for Handwritten Digit Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = CVS03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "396 ff",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364312"}

@article{bb370190,
        AUTHOR = "Savas, B. and Elden, L.",
        TITLE = "Handwritten digit classification using higher order singular value
decomposition",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "40",
        YEAR = "2007",
        NUMBER = "3",
        MONTH = "March",
        PAGES = "993-1003",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364313"}

@article{bb370191,
        AUTHOR = "Hoffmann, H.",
        TITLE = "Kernel PCA for novelty detection",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "40",
        YEAR = "2007",
        NUMBER = "3",
        MONTH = "March",
        PAGES = "863-874",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364314"}

@article{bb370192,
        AUTHOR = "Suresh, R.M. and Arumugam, S.",
        TITLE = "Fuzzy technique based recognition of handwritten characters",
        JOURNAL = IVC,
        VOLUME = "25",
        YEAR = "2007",
        NUMBER = "2",
        MONTH = "February",
        PAGES = "230-239",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364315"}

@article{bb370193,
        AUTHOR = "Lauer, F. and Suen, C.Y. and Bloch, G.",
        TITLE = "A trainable feature extractor for handwritten digit recognition",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "40",
        YEAR = "2007",
        NUMBER = "6",
        MONTH = "June",
        PAGES = "1816-1824",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364316"}

@article{bb370194,
        AUTHOR = "Hanmandlu, M. and Murthy, O.V.R.",
        TITLE = "Fuzzy model based recognition of handwritten numerals",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "40",
        YEAR = "2007",
        NUMBER = "6",
        MONTH = "June",
        PAGES = "1840-1854",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364317"}

@inproceedings{bb370195,
        AUTHOR = "Hanmandlu, M. and Yusof, M.H.M. and Madasu, V.K.",
        TITLE = "Fuzzy Modeling Based Recognition of Multi-font Numerals",
        BOOKTITLE = DAGM03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "204-211",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364318"}

@article{bb370196,
        AUTHOR = "Zhang, P. and Bui, T.D. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "A novel cascade ensemble classifier system with a high recognition
performance on handwritten digits",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "40",
        YEAR = "2007",
        NUMBER = "12",
        MONTH = "December",
        PAGES = "3415-3429",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364319"}

@article{bb370197,
        AUTHOR = "Zhou, J. and Peng, H. and Suen, C.Y.",
        TITLE = "Data-driven decomposition for multi-class classification",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "41",
        YEAR = "2008",
        NUMBER = "1",
        MONTH = "January",
        PAGES = "67-76",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364320"}

@article{bb370198,
        AUTHOR = "Kherallah, M. and Haddad, L. and Alimi, A.M. and Mitiche, A.",
        TITLE = "On-line handwritten digit recognition based on trajectory and velocity
modeling",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "29",
        YEAR = "2008",
        NUMBER = "5",
        MONTH = "April",
        PAGES = "580-594",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364321"}

@article{bb370199,
        AUTHOR = "Vellasques, E. and Oliveira, L.S. and de Souza Britto, A. and Koerich, A.L. and Sabourin, R.",
        TITLE = "Filtering segmentation cuts for digit string recognition",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "41",
        YEAR = "2008",
        NUMBER = "10",
        MONTH = "October",
        PAGES = "3044-3053",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1025.html#TT364322"}

Last update:Feb 26, 2026 at 10:58:24