| _ | niching | _ |
| Automatic Planning of Multiple Itineraries: A | niching | Genetic Evolution Approach |
| dynamic | niching | clustering algorithm based on individual-connectedness and its application to color image segmentation, A |
| Dynamic | niching | Quantum Genetic Algorithm for Automatic Evolution of Clusters, A |
| embedded architecture for real-time object detection in digital images based on | niching | particle swarm optimization, An |
| Real-time tracking of unconstrained full-body motion using | niching | Swarm Filtering combined with local optimization |
| robust dynamic | niching | genetic algorithm with niche migration for automatic clustering problem, A |