@inproceedings{bb328500,
        AUTHOR = "Pitrelli, J.F. and Perrone, M.P.",
        TITLE = "Confidence-scoring post-processing for off-line handwritten-character
recognition verification",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "278-282",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322828"}

@inproceedings{bb328501,
        AUTHOR = "Pitrelli, J.F. and Perrone, M.P.",
        TITLE = "Confidence modeling for verification post-processing for handwriting
recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR02,
        YEAR = "2002",
        PAGES = "30-35",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322829"}

@article{bb328502,
        AUTHOR = "Gunter, S. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "HMM-based handwritten word recognition: on the optimization of the
number of states, training iterations and Gaussian components",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "37",
        YEAR = "2004",
        NUMBER = "10",
        MONTH = "October",
        PAGES = "2069-2079",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322830"}

@inproceedings{bb328503,
        AUTHOR = "Gunter, S. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "Optimizing the number of states, training iterations and Gaussians in
an HMM-based handwritten word recognizer",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "472-476",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322831"}

@article{bb328504,
        AUTHOR = "Graves, A. and Liwicki, M. and Fernandez, S. and Bertolami, R. and Bunke, H. and Schmidhuber, J.",
        TITLE = "A Novel Connectionist System for Unconstrained Handwriting Recognition",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "31",
        YEAR = "2009",
        NUMBER = "5",
        MONTH = "May",
        PAGES = "855-868",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322832"}

@inproceedings{bb328505,
        AUTHOR = "Indermuhle, E. and Frinken, V. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "Mode Detection in Online Handwritten Documents Using BLSTM Neural
Networks",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "302-307",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322833"}

@inproceedings{bb328506,
        AUTHOR = "Indermuhle, E. and Frinken, V. and Fischer, A. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "Keyword Spotting in Online Handwritten Documents Containing Text and
Non-text Using BLSTM Neural Networks",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR11,
        YEAR = "2011",
        PAGES = "73-77",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322834"}

@article{bb328507,
        AUTHOR = "Frinken, V. and Fischer, A. and Manmatha, R. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "A Novel Word Spotting Method Based on Recurrent Neural Networks",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "34",
        YEAR = "2012",
        NUMBER = "2",
        MONTH = "February",
        PAGES = "211-224",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322835"}

@inproceedings{bb328508,
        AUTHOR = "Liwicki, M. and Indermuhle, E. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "On-Line Handwritten Text Line Detection Using Dynamic Programming",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR07,
        YEAR = "2007",
        PAGES = "447-451",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322836"}

@inproceedings{bb328509,
        AUTHOR = "Liwicki, M. and Scherz, M. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "Word Extraction from On-Line Handwritten Text Lines",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR06,
        YEAR = "2006",
        PAGES = "II: 929-933",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322837"}

@inproceedings{bb328510,
        AUTHOR = "Frinken, V. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "Self-training for Handwritten Text Line Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = CIARP10,
        YEAR = "2010",
        PAGES = "104-112",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322838"}

@inproceedings{bb328511,
        AUTHOR = "Varga, T. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "Tree structure for word extraction from handwritten text lines",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR05,
        YEAR = "2005",
        PAGES = "I: 352-356",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322839"}

@inproceedings{bb328512,
        AUTHOR = "Varga, T. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "Off-line handwritten textline recognition using a mixture of natural
and synthetic training data",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR04,
        YEAR = "2004",
        PAGES = "II: 545-549",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322840"}

@inproceedings{bb328513,
        AUTHOR = "Varga, T. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "Generation of synthetic training data for an HMM-based handwriting
recognition system",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "618-622",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322841"}

@article{bb328514,
        AUTHOR = "Gunter, S. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "Feature selection algorithms for the generation of multiple classifier
systems and their application to handwritten word recognition",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "25",
        YEAR = "2004",
        NUMBER = "11",
        MONTH = "August",
        PAGES = "1323-1336",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322842"}

@article{bb328515,
        AUTHOR = "Zimmermann, M. and Chappelier, J.C. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "Offline Grammar-Based Recognition of Handwritten Sentences",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "28",
        YEAR = "2006",
        NUMBER = "5",
        MONTH = "May",
        PAGES = "818-821",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322843"}

@inproceedings{bb328516,
        AUTHOR = "Zimmermann, M. and Chappelier, J.C. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "Parsing N-best lists of handwritten sentences",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "572-576",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322844"}

@article{bb328517,
        AUTHOR = "Rath, T.M. and Manmatha, R.",
        TITLE = "Word spotting for historical documents",
        JOURNAL = IJDAR,
        VOLUME = "9",
        YEAR = "2007",
        NUMBER = "2-4",
        MONTH = "April",
        PAGES = "139-152",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322845"}

@article{bb328518,
        AUTHOR = "Manmatha, R. and Rath, T.M.",
        TITLE = "Word spotting for historical documents",
        JOURNAL = IJDAR,
        VOLUME = "9",
        YEAR = "2007",
        NUMBER = "2-4",
        MONTH = "April",
        PAGES = "299",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322845"}

@inproceedings{bb328519,
        AUTHOR = "Rath, T.M. and Manmatha, R.",
        TITLE = "Word image matching using dynamic time warping",
        BOOKTITLE = CVPR03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "II: 521-527",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322846"}

@inproceedings{bb328520,
        AUTHOR = "Rath, T.M. and Manmatha, R.",
        TITLE = "Features for word spotting in historical manuscripts",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR03,
        YEAR = "2003",
        PAGES = "218-222",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322847"}

@inproceedings{bb328521,
        AUTHOR = "Lavrenko, V. and Rath, T.M. and Manmatha, R.",
        TITLE = "Holistic word recognition for handwritten historical documents",
        BOOKTITLE = DIAL04,
        YEAR = "2004",
        PAGES = "278-287",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322848"}

@article{bb328522,
        AUTHOR = "Adamek, T. and O'Connor, N.E. and Smeaton, A.F.",
        TITLE = "Word matching using single closed contours for indexing handwritten
historical documents",
        JOURNAL = IJDAR,
        VOLUME = "9",
        YEAR = "2007",
        NUMBER = "2-4",
        MONTH = "April",
        PAGES = "153-165",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322849"}

@article{bb328523,
        AUTHOR = "Konidaris, T. and Gatos, B. and Ntzios, K. and Pratikakis, I.E. and Theodoridis, S. and Perantonis, S.J.",
        TITLE = "Keyword-guided word spotting in historical printed documents using
synthetic data and user feedback",
        JOURNAL = IJDAR,
        VOLUME = "9",
        YEAR = "2007",
        NUMBER = "2-4",
        MONTH = "April",
        PAGES = "167-177",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322850"}

@inproceedings{bb328524,
        AUTHOR = "Gatos, B. and Pratikakis, I.E.",
        TITLE = "Segmentation-Free Word Spotting in Historical Printed Documents",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "271-275",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322851"}

@article{bb328525,
        AUTHOR = "Ruiz Pinales, J. and Jaime Rivas, R. and Castro Bleda, M.J.",
        TITLE = "Holistic cursive word recognition based on perceptual features",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "28",
        YEAR = "2007",
        NUMBER = "13",
        MONTH = "October",
        PAGES = "1600-1609",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322852"}

@article{bb328526,
        AUTHOR = "Farooq, F. and Jose, D. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "Phrase-based correction model for improving handwriting recognition
accuracies",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "42",
        YEAR = "2009",
        NUMBER = "12",
        MONTH = "December",
        PAGES = "3271-3277",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322853"}

@article{bb328527,
        AUTHOR = "Howe, N.R. and Feng, S.L. and Manmatha, R.",
        TITLE = "Finding words in alphabet soup:
Inference on freeform character recognition for historical scripts",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "42",
        YEAR = "2009",
        NUMBER = "12",
        MONTH = "December",
        PAGES = "3338-3347",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322854"}

@article{bb328528,
        AUTHOR = "Cao, H.G. and Bhardwaj, A. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "A probabilistic method for keyword retrieval in handwritten document
images",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "42",
        YEAR = "2009",
        NUMBER = "12",
        MONTH = "December",
        PAGES = "3374-3382",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322855"}

@article{bb328529,
        AUTHOR = "Cao, H.G. and Govindaraju, V. and Bhardwaj, A.",
        TITLE = "Unconstrained handwritten document retrieval",
        JOURNAL = IJDAR,
        VOLUME = "14",
        YEAR = "2011",
        NUMBER = "2",
        MONTH = "June",
        PAGES = "145-157",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322856"}

@article{bb328530,
        AUTHOR = "Li, Q. and Chen, Y.Z.P.",
        TITLE = "Personalized text snippet extraction using statistical language models",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "43",
        YEAR = "2010",
        NUMBER = "1",
        MONTH = "January",
        PAGES = "378-386",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322857"}

@article{bb328531,
        AUTHOR = "Farooq, F. and Bhardwaj, A. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "Using topic models for OCR correction",
        JOURNAL = IJDAR,
        VOLUME = "12",
        YEAR = "2009",
        NUMBER = "3",
        MONTH = "September",
        PAGES = "xx-yy",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322858"}

@article{bb328532,
        AUTHOR = "Can, E.F. and Duygulu, P.",
        TITLE = "A line-based representation for matching words in historical
manuscripts",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "32",
        YEAR = "2011",
        NUMBER = "8",
        MONTH = "June",
        PAGES = "1126-1138",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322859"}

@inproceedings{bb328533,
        AUTHOR = "Can, E.F. and Duygulu, P. and Can, F. and Kalpakli, M.",
        TITLE = "Redif Extraction in Handwritten Ottoman Literary Texts",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR10,
        YEAR = "2010",
        PAGES = "1941-1944",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322860"}

@inproceedings{bb328534,
        AUTHOR = "Ataer, E. and Duygulu, P.",
        TITLE = "Matching Ottoman Words:
An image retrieval approach to historical document indexing",
        BOOKTITLE = CIVR07,
        YEAR = "2007",
        PAGES = "341-347",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322861"}

@inproceedings{bb328535,
        AUTHOR = "Ataer, E. and Duygulu, P.",
        TITLE = "Retrieval of Ottoman documents",
        BOOKTITLE = "MIR06",
        YEAR = "2006",
        PAGES = "155-162",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322862"}

@article{bb328536,
        AUTHOR = "Bianne Bernard, A.L. and Menasri, F. and Mohamad, R.A.H. and Mokbel, C. and Kermorvant, C. and Likforman Sulem, L.",
        TITLE = "Dynamic and Contextual Information in HMM Modeling for Handwritten Word
Recognition",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "33",
        YEAR = "2011",
        NUMBER = "10",
        MONTH = "October",
        PAGES = "2066-2080",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322863"}

@inproceedings{bb328537,
        AUTHOR = "Kermorvant, C. and Menasri, F. and Bianne Bernard, A.L. and Mohamad, R.A.H. and Mokbel, C. and Likforman Sulem, L.",
        TITLE = "The A2iA-Telecom ParisTech-UOB System for the ICDAR 2009 Handwriting
Recognition Competition",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR10,
        YEAR = "2010",
        PAGES = "247-252",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322864"}

@article{bb328538,
        AUTHOR = "Fischer, A. and Keller, A. and Frinken, V. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "Lexicon-free handwritten word spotting using character HMMs",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "33",
        YEAR = "2012",
        NUMBER = "7",
        MONTH = "May",
        PAGES = "934-942",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322865"}

@inproceedings{bb328539,
        AUTHOR = "Fischer, A. and Keller, A. and Frinken, V. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "HMM-based Word Spotting in Handwritten Documents Using Subword Models",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR10,
        YEAR = "2010",
        PAGES = "3416-3419",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322866"}

@inproceedings{bb328540,
        AUTHOR = "Frinken, V. and Baumgartner, M. and Fischer, A. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "Semi-supervised Learning for Cursive Handwriting Recognition Using
Keyword Spotting",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "49-54",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322867"}

@inproceedings{bb328541,
        AUTHOR = "Stauffer, M. and Fischer, A. and Riesen, K.",
        TITLE = "A Novel Graph Database for Handwritten Word Images",
        BOOKTITLE = SSSPR16,
        YEAR = "2016",
        PAGES = "553-563",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322868"}

@inproceedings{bb328542,
        AUTHOR = "Scius Bertrand, A. and Studer, L. and Fischer, A. and Bui, M.",
        TITLE = "Annotation-Free Keyword Spotting in Historical Vietnamese Manuscripts
Using Graph Matching",
        BOOKTITLE = SSSPR22,
        YEAR = "2022",
        PAGES = "22-32",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322869"}

@inproceedings{bb328543,
        AUTHOR = "Stauffer, M. and Fischer, A. and Riesen, K.",
        TITLE = "Speeding-Up Graph-Based Keyword Spotting by Quadtree Segmentations",
        BOOKTITLE = CAIP17,
        YEAR = "2017",
        PAGES = "I: 304-315",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322870"}

@inproceedings{bb328544,
        AUTHOR = "Stauffer, M. and Fischer, A. and Riesen, K.",
        TITLE = "Speeding-Up Graph-Based Keyword Spotting in Historical Handwritten
Documents",
        BOOKTITLE = GbRPR17,
        YEAR = "2017",
        PAGES = "83-93",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322871"}

@inproceedings{bb328545,
        AUTHOR = "Stauffer, M. and Fischer, A. and Riesen, K.",
        TITLE = "Graph-Based Keyword Spotting in Historical Handwritten Documents",
        BOOKTITLE = SSSPR16,
        YEAR = "2016",
        PAGES = "564-573",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322872"}

@inproceedings{bb328546,
        AUTHOR = "Riesen, K. and Brodic, D. and Milivojevic, Z.N. and Maluckov, C.A.",
        TITLE = "Graph Based Keyword Spotting in Medieval Slavic Documents:
A Project Outline",
        BOOKTITLE = EuroMed14,
        YEAR = "2014",
        PAGES = "724-731",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322873"}

@article{bb328547,
        AUTHOR = "Stauffer, M. and Fischer, A. and Riesen, K.",
        TITLE = "Keyword spotting in historical handwritten documents based on graph
matching",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "81",
        YEAR = "2018",
        PAGES = "240-253",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322874"}

@article{bb328548,
        AUTHOR = "Ameri, M.R. and Stauffer, M. and Riesen, K. and Bui, T.D. and Fischer, A.",
        TITLE = "Graph-based keyword spotting in historical manuscripts using
Hausdorff edit distance",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "121",
        YEAR = "2019",
        PAGES = "61-67",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322875"}

@article{bb328549,
        AUTHOR = "Stauffer, M. and Fischer, A. and Riesen, K.",
        TITLE = "Filters for graph-based keyword spotting in historical handwritten
documents",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "134",
        YEAR = "2020",
        PAGES = "125-134",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322876"}

@inproceedings{bb328550,
        AUTHOR = "Frinken, V. and Fischer, A. and Bunke, H. and Manmatha, R.",
        TITLE = "Adapting BLSTM Neural Network Based Keyword Spotting Trained on Modern
Data to Historical Documents",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR10,
        YEAR = "2010",
        PAGES = "352-357",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322877"}

@inproceedings{bb328551,
        AUTHOR = "Frinken, V. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "Evaluating Retraining Rules for Semi-Supervised Learning in Neural
Network Based Cursive Word Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "31-35",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322878"}

@inproceedings{bb328552,
        AUTHOR = "Fischer, A. and Indermuhle, E. and Frinken, V. and Bunke, H.",
        TITLE = "HMM-Based Alignment of Inaccurate Transcriptions for Historical
Documents",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR11,
        YEAR = "2011",
        PAGES = "53-57",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322879"}

@inproceedings{bb328553,
        AUTHOR = "Frinken, V. and Fischer, A. and Bunke, H. and Foornes, A.",
        TITLE = "Co-training for Handwritten Word Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR11,
        YEAR = "2011",
        PAGES = "314-318",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322880"}

@inproceedings{bb328554,
        AUTHOR = "Jain, R. and Frinken, V. and Jawahar, C.V. and Manmatha, R.",
        TITLE = "BLSTM Neural Network Based Word Retrieval for Hindi Documents",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR11,
        YEAR = "2011",
        PAGES = "83-87",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322881"}

@article{bb328555,
        AUTHOR = "Khurshid, K. and Faure, C. and Vincent, N.",
        TITLE = "Word spotting in historical printed documents using shape and sequence
comparisons",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "45",
        YEAR = "2012",
        NUMBER = "7",
        MONTH = "July",
        PAGES = "2598-2609",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322882"}

@inproceedings{bb328556,
        AUTHOR = "Khurshid, K. and Faure, C. and Vincent, N.",
        TITLE = "Fusion of Word Spotting and Spatial Information for Figure Caption
Retrieval in Historical Document Images",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "266-270",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322883"}

@inproceedings{bb328557,
        AUTHOR = "Khurshid, K. and Faure, C. and Vincent, N.",
        TITLE = "A Novel Approach for Word Spotting Using Merge-Split Edit Distance",
        BOOKTITLE = CAIP09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "213-220",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322884"}

@article{bb328558,
        AUTHOR = "Liang, Y. and Fairhurst, M.C. and Guest, R.M.",
        TITLE = "A synthesised word approach to word retrieval in handwritten documents",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "45",
        YEAR = "2012",
        NUMBER = "12",
        MONTH = "December",
        PAGES = "4225-4236",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322885"}

@inproceedings{bb328559,
        AUTHOR = "Liang, Y. and Guest, R.M. and Fairhurst, M.C.",
        TITLE = "Implementing Word Retrieval in Handwritten Documents Using a Small
Dataset",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "728-733",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322886"}

@article{bb328560,
        AUTHOR = "Alabau, V. and Sanchis, A. and Casacuberta, F.",
        TITLE = "On the optimal decision rule for sequential interactive structured
prediction",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "33",
        YEAR = "2012",
        NUMBER = "16",
        MONTH = "December",
        PAGES = "2226-2231",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322887"}

@article{bb328561,
        AUTHOR = "Alabau, V. and Sanchis, A. and Casacuberta, F.",
        TITLE = "Improving on-line handwritten recognition in interactive machine
translation",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "47",
        YEAR = "2014",
        NUMBER = "3",
        PAGES = "1217-1228",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322888"}

@inproceedings{bb328562,
        AUTHOR = "Tarazon, L. and Perez, D. and Serrano, N. and Alabau, V. and Terrades, O.R. and Sanchis, A. and Juan, A.",
        TITLE = "Confidence Measures for Error Correction in Interactive Transcription
Handwritten Text",
        BOOKTITLE = CIAP09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "567-574",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322889"}

@article{bb328563,
        AUTHOR = "Wshah, S. and Kumar, G. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "Statistical script independent word spotting in offline handwritten
documents",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "47",
        YEAR = "2014",
        NUMBER = "3",
        PAGES = "1039-1050",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322890"}

@inproceedings{bb328564,
        AUTHOR = "Wshah, S. and Kumar, G. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "Multilingual word spotting in offline handwritten documents",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "310-313",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322891"}

@article{bb328565,
        AUTHOR = "van Oosten, J.P. and Schomaker, L.",
        TITLE = "Separability versus prototypicality in handwritten word-image
retrieval",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "47",
        YEAR = "2014",
        NUMBER = "3",
        PAGES = "1031-1038",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322892"}

@inproceedings{bb328566,
        AUTHOR = "van Oosten, J.P. and Schomaker, L.",
        TITLE = "Separability versus Prototypicality in Handwritten Word Retrieval",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "8-13",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322893"}

@article{bb328567,
        AUTHOR = "Rusinol, M. and Llados, J.",
        TITLE = "Boosting the handwritten word spotting experience by including the
user in the loop",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "47",
        YEAR = "2014",
        NUMBER = "3",
        PAGES = "1063-1072",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322894"}

@article{bb328568,
        AUTHOR = "Kessentini, Y. and Burger, T. and Paquet, T.",
        TITLE = "A Dempster-Shafer Theory based combination of handwriting recognition
systems with multiple rejection strategies",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "48",
        YEAR = "2015",
        NUMBER = "2",
        PAGES = "534-544",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322895"}

@inproceedings{bb328569,
        AUTHOR = "Burger, T. and Kessentini, Y. and Paquet, T.",
        TITLE = "Dempster-Shafer Based Rejection Strategy for Handwritten Word
Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR11,
        YEAR = "2011",
        PAGES = "528-532",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322896"}

@inproceedings{bb328570,
        AUTHOR = "Burger, T. and Kessentini, Y. and Paquet, T.",
        TITLE = "Dealing with Precise and Imprecise Decisions with a Dempster-Shafer
Theory Based Algorithm in the Context of Handwritten Word Recognition",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR10,
        YEAR = "2010",
        PAGES = "369-374",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322897"}

@inproceedings{bb328571,
        AUTHOR = "Kessentini, Y. and Paquet, T. and Ben Hamadou, A.M.",
        TITLE = "A Multi-Lingual Recognition System for Arabic and Latin Handwriting",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "1196-1200",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322898"}

@inproceedings{bb328572,
        AUTHOR = "Kessentini, Y. and Paquet, T. and Ben Hamadou, A.M.",
        TITLE = "Multi-script handwriting recognition with N-streams low level features",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR08,
        YEAR = "2008",
        PAGES = "1-4",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322899"}

@article{bb328573,
        AUTHOR = "Zhang, X. and Tan, C.L.",
        TITLE = "Handwritten word image matching based on Heat Kernel Signature",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "48",
        YEAR = "2015",
        NUMBER = "11",
        PAGES = "3346-3356",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322900"}

@inproceedings{bb328574,
        AUTHOR = "Tan, C.L. and Zhang, X.",
        TITLE = "Handwritten word image matching based on Heat Kernel Signature",
        BOOKTITLE = CAIP13,
        YEAR = "2013",
        PAGES = "II:42-49",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322900"}

@article{bb328575,
        AUTHOR = "Chen, J.Y. and Cao, H.G. and Natarajan, P.",
        TITLE = "Integrating natural language processing with image document analysis:
what we learned from two real-world applications",
        JOURNAL = IJDAR,
        VOLUME = "18",
        YEAR = "2015",
        NUMBER = "3",
        MONTH = "September",
        PAGES = "235-247",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322901"}

@article{bb328576,
        AUTHOR = "Roy, P.P. and Rayar, F. and Ramel, J.Y.",
        TITLE = "Word spotting in historical documents using primitive codebook and
dynamic programming",
        JOURNAL = IVC,
        VOLUME = "44",
        YEAR = "2015",
        NUMBER = "1",
        PAGES = "15-28",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322902"}

@article{bb328577,
        AUTHOR = "Kumar, G. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "Bayesian background models for keyword spotting in handwritten
documents",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "64",
        YEAR = "2017",
        NUMBER = "1",
        PAGES = "84-91",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322903"}

@inproceedings{bb328578,
        AUTHOR = "Kumar, G. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "Bayesian Active Learning for Keyword Spotting in Handwritten
Documents",
        BOOKTITLE = ICPR14,
        YEAR = "2014",
        PAGES = "2041-2046",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322904"}

@inproceedings{bb328579,
        AUTHOR = "Wshah, S. and Kumar, G. and Govindaraju, V.",
        TITLE = "Script Independent Word Spotting in Offline Handwritten Documents Based
on Hidden Markov Models",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR12,
        YEAR = "2012",
        PAGES = "14-19",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322905"}

@article{bb328580,
        AUTHOR = "Giotis, A.P. and Sfikas, G. and Gatos, B. and Nikou, C.",
        TITLE = "A survey of document image word spotting techniques",
        JOURNAL = PR,
        VOLUME = "68",
        YEAR = "2017",
        NUMBER = "1",
        PAGES = "310-332",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322906"}

@inproceedings{bb328581,
        AUTHOR = "Giotis, A.P. and Sfikas, G. and Nikou, C. and Gatos, B.",
        TITLE = "Shape-based word spotting in handwritten document images",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR15,
        YEAR = "2015",
        PAGES = "561-565",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322907"}

@article{bb328582,
        AUTHOR = "Mhiri, M. and Abuelwafa, S. and Desrosiers, C. and Cheriet, M.",
        TITLE = "Hierarchical representation learning using spherical k-means for
segmentation-free word spotting",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "101",
        YEAR = "2018",
        NUMBER = "1",
        PAGES = "52-59",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322908"}

@inproceedings{bb328583,
        AUTHOR = "Mhiri, M. and Cheriet, M. and Desrosiers, C.",
        TITLE = "Query-by-example word spotting using multiscale features and
classification in the space of representation differences",
        BOOKTITLE = ICIP17,
        YEAR = "2017",
        PAGES = "1112-1116",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322909"}

@inproceedings{bb328584,
        AUTHOR = "Moghaddam, R.F. and Cheriet, M.",
        TITLE = "Application of Multi-Level Classifiers and Clustering for Automatic
Word Spotting in Historical Document Images",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR09,
        YEAR = "2009",
        PAGES = "511-515",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322910"}

@article{bb328585,
        AUTHOR = "Dong, X. and Dong, J.",
        TITLE = "The Visual Word Booster:
A Spatial Layout of Words Descriptor Exploiting Contour Cues",
        JOURNAL = IP,
        VOLUME = "27",
        YEAR = "2018",
        NUMBER = "8",
        MONTH = "August",
        PAGES = "3904-3917",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322911"}

@article{bb328586,
        AUTHOR = "Mhiri, M. and Desrosiers, C. and Cheriet, M.",
        TITLE = "Convolutional pyramid of bidirectional character sequences for the
recognition of handwritten words",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "111",
        YEAR = "2018",
        PAGES = "87-93",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322912"}

@article{bb328587,
        AUTHOR = "Gupta, J.D. and Samanta, S. and Chanda, B.",
        TITLE = "Ensemble classifier-based off-line handwritten word recognition system
in holistic approach",
        JOURNAL = IET-IPR,
        VOLUME = "12",
        YEAR = "2018",
        NUMBER = "8",
        MONTH = "August",
        PAGES = "1467-1474",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322913"}

@article{bb328588,
        AUTHOR = "Sudholt, S. and Fink, G.A.",
        TITLE = "Attribute CNNs for word spotting in handwritten documents",
        JOURNAL = IJDAR,
        VOLUME = "21",
        YEAR = "2018",
        NUMBER = "3",
        MONTH = "September",
        PAGES = "199-218",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322914"}

@article{bb328589,
        AUTHOR = "Wu, X. and Chen, Q. and You, J. and Xiao, Y.",
        TITLE = "Unconstrained Offline Handwritten Word Recognition by Position
Embedding Integrated ResNets Model",
        JOURNAL = SPLetters,
        VOLUME = "26",
        YEAR = "2019",
        NUMBER = "4",
        MONTH = "April",
        PAGES = "597-601",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322915"}

@article{bb328590,
        AUTHOR = "Retsinas, G. and Louloudis, G. and Stamatopoulos, N. and Gatos, B.",
        TITLE = "Efficient Learning-Free Keyword Spotting",
        JOURNAL = PAMI,
        VOLUME = "41",
        YEAR = "2019",
        NUMBER = "7",
        MONTH = "July",
        PAGES = "1587-1600",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322916"}

@inproceedings{bb328591,
        AUTHOR = "Gatos, B. and Louloudis, G. and Stamatopoulos, N.",
        TITLE = "Greek Polytonic OCR Based on Efficient Character Class Number Reduction",
        BOOKTITLE = ICDAR11,
        YEAR = "2011",
        PAGES = "1155-1159",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322917"}

@inproceedings{bb328592,
        AUTHOR = "Stamatopoulos, N. and Louloudis, G. and Gatos, B.",
        TITLE = "Efficient Transcript Mapping to Ease the Creation of Document Image
Segmentation Ground Truth with Text-Image Alignment",
        BOOKTITLE = FHR10,
        YEAR = "2010",
        PAGES = "226-231",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322918"}

@article{bb328593,
        AUTHOR = "Hou, J. and Shi, Y. and Ostendorf, M. and Hwang, M. and Xie, L.",
        TITLE = "Region Proposal Network Based Small-Footprint Keyword Spotting",
        JOURNAL = SPLetters,
        VOLUME = "26",
        YEAR = "2019",
        NUMBER = "10",
        MONTH = "October",
        PAGES = "1471-1475",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322919"}

@inproceedings{bb328594,
        AUTHOR = "Barrere, K. and Toselli, A.H. and Vidal, E.",
        TITLE = "Line Segmentation Free Probabilistic Keyword Spotting and Indexing",
        BOOKTITLE = IbPRIA19,
        YEAR = "2019",
        PAGES = "II:201-213",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322920"}

@article{bb328595,
        AUTHOR = "Krishnan, P. and Jawahar, C.V.",
        TITLE = "HWNet v2: an efficient word image representation for handwritten
documents",
        JOURNAL = IJDAR,
        VOLUME = "22",
        YEAR = "2019",
        NUMBER = "4",
        MONTH = "December",
        PAGES = "387-405",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322921"}

@article{bb328596,
        AUTHOR = "Dey, S. and Nicolaou, A. and Llados, J. and Pal, U.",
        TITLE = "Evaluation of word spotting under improper segmentation scenario",
        JOURNAL = IJDAR,
        VOLUME = "22",
        YEAR = "2019",
        NUMBER = "4",
        MONTH = "December",
        PAGES = "361-374",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322922"}

@article{bb328597,
        AUTHOR = "Bera, S.K. and Chakrabarti, A. and Lahiri, S. and Smith, E.H.B. and Sarkar, R.",
        TITLE = "Normalization of unconstrained handwritten words in terms of Slope
and Slant Correction",
        JOURNAL = PRL,
        VOLUME = "128",
        YEAR = "2019",
        PAGES = "488-495",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322923"}

@article{bb328598,
        AUTHOR = "Das, D. and Nayak, D.R. and Dash, R. and Majhi, B. and Zhang, Y.D.",
        TITLE = "H-WordNet: a holistic convolutional neural network approach for
handwritten word recognition",
        JOURNAL = IET-IPR,
        VOLUME = "14",
        YEAR = "2020",
        NUMBER = "9",
        MONTH = "July",
        PAGES = "1794-1805",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322924"}

@article{bb328599,
        AUTHOR = "Mohammed, H.H. and Subramanian, N. and Al Madeed, S.",
        TITLE = "Learning-free handwritten word spotting method for historical
handwritten documents",
        JOURNAL = IET-IPR,
        VOLUME = "15",
        YEAR = "2021",
        NUMBER = "10",
        PAGES = "2332-2341",
        BIBSOURCE = "http://www.visionbib.com/bibliography/char1018.html#TT322925"}