25.3.11.4 Data Hiding, Steganography, LSB, Least Significant Bit

Chapter Contents (Back)
Steganography. Steganalysis. Data Hiding. Least Significant Bit. LSB. LSB Steganography
See also Data Hiding, Steganography, Pixel Difference.
See also Reversible Data Hiding, Steganography.

Wang, R.Z.[Ran-Zan], Lin, C.F.[Chi-Fang], Lin, J.C.[Ja-Chen],
Image hiding by optimal LSB substitution and genetic algorithm,
PR(34), No. 3, March 2001, pp. 671-683.
Elsevier DOI 0101
BibRef

Avcibas, I.[Ismail], Kharrazi, M.[Mehdi], Memon, N.[Nasir], Sankur, B.[Bülent],
Image Steganalysis with Binary Similarity Measures,
JASP(2005), No. 17, 2005, pp. 2749-2757.
WWW Link. 0603
BibRef
Earlier: A1, A3, A4 only: ICIP02(III: 645-648).
IEEE DOI 0210

See also Steganalytic Features for JPEG Compression-Based Perturbed Quantization. BibRef

Bayram, S.[Sevinc], Dirik, A.E.[Ahmet Emir], Sencar, H.T.[Husrev Taha], Memon, N.[Nasir],
An Ensemble of Classifiers Approach to Steganalysis,
ICPR10(4376-4379).
IEEE DOI 1008
BibRef

Kharrazi, M., Sencar, H.T., Memon, N.,
Cover Selection for Steganographic Embedding,
ICIP06(117-120).
IEEE DOI 0610
BibRef

Chandramouli, R.[Rajarathnam], Kharrazi, M.[Mehdi], Memon, N.[Nasir],
Image Steganography and Steganalysis: Concepts and Practice,
DW03(35-49).
Springer DOI 0405
BibRef

Dumitrescu, S., Wu, X.L.[Xiao-Lin], Memon, N.,
On steganalysis of random LSB embedding in continuous-tone images,
ICIP02(III: 641-644).
IEEE DOI 0210
BibRef

Chandramouli, R., Memon, N.,
Analysis of LSB Based Image Steganography Techniques,
ICIP01(III: 1019-1022).
IEEE DOI 0108
BibRef

Chan, C.K.[Chi-Kwong], Cheng, L.M.,
Hiding data in images by simple LSB substitution,
PR(37), No. 3, March 2004, pp. 469-474.
Elsevier DOI 0401
BibRef

Chang, C.C.[Chin-Chen], Chan, C.S.[Chi-Shiang], Fan, Y.H.[Yi-Hsuan],
Image hiding scheme with modulus function and dynamic programming strategy on partitioned pixels,
PR(39), No. 6, June 2006, pp. 1155-1167.
Elsevier DOI 0604
The least-significant-bit substitution technique; Modulus function BibRef

Chen, C.C.[Chang-Chu], Chang, C.C.[Chin-Chen],
LSB-Based Steganography Using Reflected Gray Code,
IEICE(E91-D), No. 4, April 2008, pp. 1110-1116.
DOI Link 0804
BibRef

Celik, M.U., Sharma, G., Tekalp, A.M.[A. Murat], Saber, E.,
Lossless Generalized-LSB Data Embedding,
IP(14), No. 2, February 2005, pp. 253-266.
IEEE DOI 0501
BibRef
Earlier:
Reversible data hiding,
ICIP02(II: 157-160).
IEEE DOI 0210
BibRef

Ker, A.D.,
Steganalysis of LSB matching in grayscale images,
SPLetters(12), No. 6, June 2005, pp. 441-444.
IEEE DOI 0508
BibRef

Wu, H.C., Wu, N.I., Tsai, C.S., Hwang, M.S.,
Image steganographic scheme based on pixel-value differencing and LSB replacement methods,
VISP(152), No. 5, October 2005, pp. 611-615.
DOI Link 0512
BibRef

Mielikainen, J.,
LSB Matching Revisited,
SPLetters(13), No. 5, May 2006, pp. 285-287.
IEEE DOI 0605
LSB: Least Significant Bit. Steganography -- add or subtract 1 a random decision. BibRef

Wang, R.Z.[Ran-Zan], Tsai, Y.D.[Yao-De],
An image-hiding method with high hiding capacity based on best-block matching and k-means clustering,
PR(40), No. 2, February 2007, pp. 398-409.
Elsevier DOI 0611
Steganography; Image hiding; k-Means clustering; Least significant bit BibRef

Liu, Q.Z.[Qing-Zhong], Sung, A.H.[Andrew H.], Chen, Z.X.[Zhong-Xue], Xu, J.Y.[Jian-Yun],
Feature mining and pattern classification for steganalysis of LSB matching steganography in grayscale images,
PR(41), No. 1, January 2008, pp. 56-66.
Elsevier DOI 0710
Award, Pattern Recognition, Honorable Mention. Steganalysis; LSB matching; DENFIS; SVMRFE; Image complexity BibRef

Liu, Q.Z.[Qing-Zhong], Sung, A.H.[Andrew H.], Xu, J.Y.[Jian-Yun], Ribeiro, B.M.[Bernardete M.],
Image Complexity and Feature Extraction for Steganalysis of LSB Matching Steganography,
ICPR06(II: 267-270).
IEEE DOI 0609
BibRef

Yang, C.H.[Cheng-Hsing],
Inverted pattern approach to improve image quality of information hiding by LSB substitution,
PR(41), No. 8, August 2008, pp. 2674-2683.
Elsevier DOI 0805
LSB substitution; Information hiding; Image-processing; Security BibRef

Li, X., Yang, B., Cheng, D., Zeng, T.,
A Generalization of LSB Matching,
SPLetters(16), No. 2, February 2009, pp. 69-72.
IEEE DOI 0901
Least Significant Bit. BibRef

Liao, X.[Xin], Wen, Q.Y.[Qiao-Yan], Zhang, J.[Jie],
A steganographic method for digital images with four-pixel differencing and modified LSB substitution,
JVCIR(22), No. 1, January 2011, pp. 1-8.
Elsevier DOI 1101
Steganography; Four-pixel differencing; Modified LSB substitution; Data hiding; Pixel-value differencing; Error block; Embedding capacity; Imperceptible BibRef

Lee, C.C., Ku, W.H., Huang, S.Y.,
A new steganographic scheme based on vector quantisation and search-order coding,
IET-IPR(3), No. 4, August 2009, pp. 243-248.
DOI Link 0909
BibRef

Lee, Y.K.[Yeuan-Kuen], Bell, G.[Graeme], Huang, S.Y.[Shih-Yu], Wang, R.Z.[Ran-Zan], Shyu, S.J.[Shyong-Jian],
An Advanced Least-Significant-Bit Embedding Scheme for Steganographic Encoding,
PSIVT09(349-360).
Springer DOI 0901
BibRef

Dharwadkar, N.V.[Nagaraj V.], Amberker, B.B.,
Steganographic Scheme For Gray-level Image Using Pixel Neighborhood And LSB Substitution,
IJIG(10), No. 4, October 2010, pp. 589-607.
DOI Link 1101
BibRef

Hsiao, J.Y.[Ju-Yuan], Chang, C.T.[Chieh-Tse],
An adaptive steganographic method based on the measurement of just noticeable distortion profile,
IVC(29), No. 2-3, February 2011, pp. 155-166.
Elsevier DOI 1101
Data hiding; Just noticeable distortion; Steganography; Information hiding BibRef

Tan, S., Li, B.,
Targeted Steganalysis of Edge Adaptive Image Steganography Based on LSB Matching Revisited Using B-Spline Fitting,
SPLetters(19), No. 6, June 2012, pp. 336-339.
IEEE DOI 1202
BibRef

Khodaei, M.[Masoumeh], Faez, K.[Karim],
New adaptive steganographic method using least significant-bit substitution and pixel-value differencing,
IET-IPR(6), No. 6, 2012, pp. 677-686.
DOI Link 1210
BibRef
Earlier:
Image Hiding by Using Genetic Algorithm and LSB Substitution,
ICISP10(404-411).
Springer DOI 1006
BibRef

Dastmalchi, H.[Hamidreza], Faez, K.[Karim],
Steganalysis of LSB Matching Based on the Statistical Analysis of Empirical Matrix,
ICIAR11(I: 193-200).
Springer DOI 1106
BibRef

Rafinezhad, Z., Faez, K.,
Estimating PQ Algorithm Message Length Using First- and Second-Order Statistics,
DICTA12(1-5).
IEEE DOI 1303
steganalysis BibRef

Shreelekshmi, R., Wilscy, M., Veni Madhavan, C.E.,
Improved LSB stegananalysis based on analysis of adjacent pixel pairs,
SIViP(7), No. 5, September 2013, pp. 811-816.
WWW Link. 1309
BibRef

Sarreshtedari, S., Akhaee, M.A.,
One-third probability embedding: a new 1 histogram compensating image least significant bit steganography scheme,
IET-IPR(8), No. 2, February 2014, pp. 78-89.
DOI Link 1403
image coding BibRef

Farhat, F.[Farshid], Ghaemmaghami, S.[Shahrokh],
Towards blind detection of low-rate spatial embedding in image steganalysis,
IET-IPR(9), No. 1, 2015, pp. 31-42.
DOI Link 1502
feature extraction LSB embedded. BibRef

Ahani, S., Ghaemmaghami, S.,
Colour image steganography method based on sparse representation,
IET-IPR(9), No. 6, 2015, pp. 496-505.
DOI Link 1507
cryptography BibRef

Hussain, M.[Mehdi], Wahab, A.W.A.[Ainuddin Wahid Abdul], Ho, A.T.S.[Anthony T.S.], Javed, N.[Noman], Jung, K.H.[Ki-Hyun],
A data hiding scheme using parity-bit pixel value differencing and improved rightmost digit replacement,
SP:IC(50), No. 1, 2017, pp. 44-57.
Elsevier DOI 1612
Information hiding BibRef

Wang, W.Q.[Wei-Qing], Ye, J.Y.[Jun-Yong], Wang, T.Q.[Tong-Qing], Wang, W.[Weifu],
Reversible data hiding scheme based on significant-bit-difference expansion,
IET-IPR(11), No. 11, November 2017, pp. 1002-1014.
DOI Link 1711
BibRef

Jung, K.H.[Ki-Hyun],
Data hiding scheme improving embedding capacity using mixed PVD and LSB on bit plane,
RealTimeIP(14), No. 1, January 2018, pp. 127-136.
Springer DOI 1802
BibRef

Papadopoulos, N.A.[Nikolaos A.], Psannis, K.E.[Kostas E.],
Sequential Multiple LSB methods and real-time data hiding: variations for Visual Cryptography ciphers,
RealTimeIP(14), No. 1, January 2018, pp. 75-86.
WWW Link. 1802
BibRef

Veena, S.T., Arivazhagan, S.,
Quantitative steganalysis of spatial LSB based stego images using reduced instances and features,
PRL(105), 2018, pp. 39-49.
Elsevier DOI 1804
Quantitative steganalysis, Spatial LSB steganography, Trilevel optimisation, Instance selection, GRASP, RFE, AdaBoost ensemble regressor BibRef

Kim, C.[Cheonshik], Shin, D.K.[Dong-Kyoo], Kim, B.G.[Byung-Gyu], Yang, C.N.[Ching-Nung],
Secure medical images based on data hiding using a hybrid scheme with the Hamming code, LSB, and OPAP,
RealTimeIP(14), No. 1, January 2018, pp. 115-126.
Springer DOI 1802
BibRef

Kim, C.[Cheonshik], Yang, C.N.[Ching-Nung],
Steganography Based on Grayscale Images Using (5, 3) Hamming Code,
IWDW14(588-598).
Springer DOI 1602
BibRef

Kim, C.[Cheonshik], Shin, D.K.[Dong-Kyoo], Leng, L.[Lu], Yang, C.N.[Ching-Nung],
Lossless data hiding for absolute moment block truncation coding using histogram modification,
RealTimeIP(14), No. 1, January 2018, pp. 101-114.
Springer DOI 1802
BibRef

Lee, G.J.[Gil-Je], Yoon, E.J.[Eun-Jun], Kim, C.[Cheonshik], Yoo, K.Y.[Kee-Young],
A real-time secret image sharing with fairness,
RealTimeIP(14), No. 1, January 2018, pp. 5-12.
Springer DOI 1802
BibRef

Lee, H.Y.[Hae-Young],
Data Hiding in Spatial Color Images on Smartphones by Adaptive R-G-B LSB Replacement,
IEICE(E101-D), No. 8, August 2018, pp. 2163-2167.
WWW Link. 1808
BibRef

Chaeikar, S.S.[Saman Shojae], Ahmadi, A.[Ali],
Ensemble SW image steganalysis: A low dimension method for LSBR detection,
SP:IC(70), 2019, pp. 233-245.
Elsevier DOI 1812
Image steganalysis, LSB flipping, LSB replacement, LSB substitution, Statistical steganalysis, Blind steganalysis BibRef

Zhou, H., Chen, K., Zhang, W., Yao, Y., Yu, N.,
Distortion Design for Secure Adaptive 3-D Mesh Steganography,
MultMed(21), No. 6, June 2019, pp. 1384-1398.
IEEE DOI 1906
Distortion, Feature extraction, Security, Modulation, Visualization, Encoding, Mesh steganography, least significant bit replacement BibRef

Karawia, A.A.,
Medical image steganographic algorithm via modified LSB method and chaotic map,
IET-IPR(15), No. 11, 2021, pp. 2580-2590.
DOI Link 2108
BibRef

Tseng, H.W.[Hsien-Wen], Leng, H.S.[Hui-Shih],
A reversible modified least significant bit (LSB) matching revisited method,
SP:IC(101), 2022, pp. 116556.
Elsevier DOI 2201
LSB matching, EMD, Dual images reversible data hiding BibRef

Al-Faydi, S.N.M.[Sama N. M.], Ahmed, S.K.[Sahar Khalid], Al-Talb, H.N.Y.[Heba N. Y.],
Improved LSB image steganography with high imperceptibility based on cover-stego matching,
IET-IPR(17), No. 7, 2023, pp. 2072-2082.
DOI Link 2305
edge detection, imperceptibility, information security, least significant bit, steganography BibRef


Abdelhedi, K.[Karama], Chaabane, F.[Faten], Puech, W.[William], Ben Amar, C.[Chokri],
Toward a Novel LSB-based Collusion-Secure Fingerprinting Schema for 3D Video,
CAIP21(I:58-68).
Springer DOI 2112
BibRef

Baldessari, F.[Federico], Boato, G.[Giulia], Lago, F.[Federica],
Blind Print-Cam Data Hiding Exploiting Color Perception,
NTIAP19(30-38).
Springer DOI 1909
BibRef

Shekaramiz, K.[Khalil], Naghsh, A.[Alireza],
Embedding and extracting two separate images signal in salt pepper noises in digital images based on watermarking,
IPRIA17(32-37)
IEEE DOI 1712
LSB in 6 bits by adding salt and pepper noise. image denoising, image watermarking, LSB, data hiding, digital image watermarking, image pixels, least significant bits, watermarking BibRef

Oravec, J., Turán, J., Ovseník, L.,
LSB steganography with usage of Mojette Transform for secret image scrambling,
WSSIP16(1-4)
IEEE DOI 1608
image coding BibRef

Kalita, M., Tuithung, T.,
A novel steganographic method using 8-neighboring PVD (8nPVD) and LSB substitution,
WSSIP16(1-5)
IEEE DOI 1608
image processing BibRef

Fillatre, L.[Lionel], Dumontet, M.[Muriel], Ali, W.B.H.[Wafa Bel Haj], Antonini, M.[Marc], Barlaud, M.[Michel],
Hybrid weighted-stego detection using machine learning,
ICIP14(4201-4205)
IEEE DOI 1502
Detectors BibRef

Cogranne, R.[Remi], Thai, T.H.[Thanh Hai], Retraint, F.[Florent],
Asymptotically optimal detection of LSB matching data hiding,
ICIP13(4437-4441)
IEEE DOI 1402
Hypothesis testing theory BibRef

Gui, X.L.[Xin-Lu], Li, X.L.[Xiao-Long], Yang, B.[Bin],
Improved payload location for LSB matching steganography,
ICIP12(1125-1128).
IEEE DOI 1302
BibRef

Tan, S.Q.[Shun-Quan],
Steganalysis of LSB Matching Revisited for Consecutive Pixels Using B-Spline Functions,
IWDW11(16-29).
Springer DOI 1208
BibRef

Wu, H.T.[Hao-Tian], Huang, J.W.[Ji-Wu],
Secure JPEG steganography by LSB+ matching and multi-band embedding,
ICIP11(2737-2740).
IEEE DOI 1201
BibRef

Cai, K.W.[Kai-Wei], Li, X.L.[Xiao-Long], Zeng, T.Y.[Tie-Yong], Yang, B.[Bin], Lu, X.Q.[Xiao-Qing],
Reliable histogram features for detecting LSB matching,
ICIP10(1761-1764).
IEEE DOI 1009
steganalyzer to detect most popular technique. BibRef

Zheng, E.[Ergong], Ping, X.J.[Xi-Jian], Zhang, T.[Tao], Xiong, G.[Gang],
Steganalysis of LSB matching based on local variance histogram,
ICIP10(1005-1008).
IEEE DOI 1009
BibRef

Fu, B.[Bing], Zhou, X.S.[Xian-San],
Information hiding technique in most significant bit of still image,
IASP09(74-76).
IEEE DOI 0904
BibRef

Mazumdar, D.[Debasis], Das, A.[Apurba], Pal, S.K.[Sankar K.],
MRF Based LSB Steganalysis: A New Measure of Steganography Capacity,
PReMI09(420-425).
Springer DOI 0912
BibRef

Sur, A.[Arijit], Goel, P.[Piyush], Mukhopadhyay, J.[Jayanta],
A Novel Steganographic Algorithm Resisting Targeted Steganalytic Attacks on LSB Matching,
DW08(199-208).
Springer DOI 0811
BibRef

Li, X.L.[Xiao-Long], Zeng, T.Y.[Tie-Yong], Yang, B.[Bin],
A further study on steganalysis of LSB matching by calibration,
ICIP08(2072-2075).
IEEE DOI 0810
BibRef

Boncelet, C.[Charles], Marvel, L.[Lisa], Henz, B.[Brian],
Rate insensitive steganalysis of ±1 embedding in images,
ICIP08(1272-1275).
IEEE DOI 0810
BibRef

Cancelli, G.[Giacomo], Doerr, G.[Gwenael], Cox, I.J.[Ingemar J.], Barni, M.[Mauro],
Detection of ±1 LSB steganography based on the amplitude of histogram local extrema,
ICIP08(1288-1291).
IEEE DOI 0810
BibRef

Duric, Z.[Zoran], Richards, D.[Dana], Kim, Y.H.[Youn-Hee],
Minimizing the Statistical Impact of LSB Steganography,
ICIAR05(1175-1183).
Springer DOI 0509
BibRef

Yu, X.Y.[Xiao-Yi], Tan, T.N.[Tie-Niu], Wang, Y.H.[Yun-Hong],
Extended Optimization Method of LSB Steganalysis,
ICIP05(II: 1102-1105).
IEEE DOI 0512
BibRef

Sullivan, K., Dabeer, O., Madhow, U., Manjunath, B.S., Chandrusekaran, S.,
LLRT based detection of LSB hiding,
ICIP03(I: 497-500).
IEEE Abstract. 0312
BibRef

Chapter on OCR, Document Analysis and Character Recognition Systems continues in
Reversible Data Hiding, Steganography .


Last update:Oct 22, 2024 at 22:09:59