6.4.3 Line Vectorization, Document Analysis

AlgoLab,
2007. Product information. Raster to vector conversion software.
WWW Link. Vendor, Vectorization.

DWG Tool,
2007. Raster to vector conversion software.
WWW Link. Vendor, Vectorization. Downloadable software.

Clement, T.P.,
The Extraction of Line-Structured Data from Engineering Drawings,
PR(14), No. 1-6, 1981, pp. 43-52.
Elsevier DOI BibRef 8100

Gibson, L., Lucas, D.,
Vectorization of Raster Images Using Hierarchical Methods,
CGIP(20), No. 1, September 1982, pp. 82-89.
Elsevier DOI Line and edge following. BibRef 8209

Pferd, W.[William], Ramachandran, K.[Krishan],
Vector coding of computer graphics material,
US_Patent4,307,377, 12/22/1981.
HTML Version. BibRef 8112

Jiminez, J., Navalon, J.L.,
Some Experiments in Image Vectorization,
IBMRD(26), No. 6, November 1982, pp. 724-734. BibRef 8211

Pavlidis, T.[Theo],
A Vectorizer and Feature Extractor for Document Recognition,
CVGIP(35), No. 1, July 1986, pp. 111-127.
Elsevier DOI BibRef 8607

Grover, D.N.[David N.], Kleca, E.A.[Eugene A.], Lipkie, C.A.[Curtis A.],
Method and apparatus for vectorizing documents and symbol recognition,
US_Patent4,603,431, 07/29/1986.
HTML Version. Symbol Recognition. BibRef 8607

Bixler, J.P.[J. Patrick], Watson, L.T.[Layne T.], Sanford, J.P.[J. Patrick],
Spline-Based Recognition of Straight Lines and Curves in Engineering Line Drawings,
IVC(6), No. 4, November 1988, pp. 262-269.
Elsevier DOI BibRef 8811

Walton, D.J.,
A Note on Graphics Editing of Curved Line Drawings,
CVGIP(45), No. 1, January 1989, pp. 61-67.
Elsevier DOI BibRef 8901

Bhaskaran, P.[Parvathy],
Method and apparatus for recognition of graphic symbols,
US_Patent4,949,388, 08/14/1990.
HTML Version. On vectorized hand drawn graphics. BibRef 9008

Nagasamy, V.[Vijay], Langrana, N.A.[Noshir A.],
Engineering Drawing Processing and Vectorization System,
CVGIP(49), No. 3, March 1990, pp. 379-397.
Elsevier DOI Application, Engineering Drawings. Noise removal, void filling, image segmentation, line thinning, contour extraction. Lines, circles, arcs and conic sections. BibRef 9003

Chen, Y., Langrana, N.A., Das, A.K.,
Perfecting Vectorized Mechanical Drawings,
CVIU(63), No. 2, March 1996, pp. 273-286.
DOI Link BibRef 9603

Kaneko, T.[Toru],
Line structure extraction from line-drawing images,
PR(25), No. 9, September 1992, pp. 963-973.
Elsevier DOI 0401
BibRef

Han, C.C., Fan, K.C.,
Skeleton Generation of Engineering Drawings via Contour Matching,
PR(27), No. 2, February 1994, pp. 261-275.
Elsevier DOI BibRef 9402

Ablameyko, S.V., Bereishik, V., Paramonova, N., Marcelli, A., Ishikawa, S., Kato, N.,
Vectorization and Representation of Large-Size 2-D Line Drawing Images,
JVCIR(5), 1994, pp. 245-254. BibRef 9400

Ablameyko, S.V., Bereishik, V., Frantskevich, O., Homenko, M., Melnik, E., Okun, O., Paramonova, N.,
A system for automatic vectorization and interpretation of map-drawings,
ICCV93(456-460).
IEEE DOI 0403
BibRef

Ablameyko, S.V., Bereishik, V., Frantskevich, O., Homenko, M., Paramonova, N.,
A System for Automatic Recognition of Engineering Drawing Entities,
ICPR98(Vol II: 1157-1159).
IEEE DOI 9808
BibRef
Earlier:
Algorithms for Recognition of the Main Engineering Drawing Entities,
ICDAR97(776-779).
IEEE DOI 9708
BibRef

Lagunovsky, D.[Dmitry], Ablameyko, S.V., Kutas, M.,
Recognition of Integrated Circuit Images in Reverse Engineering,
ICPR98(Vol II: 1640-1642).
IEEE DOI 9808
BibRef

Janssen, R.D.T., Vossepoel, A.M.,
Adaptive Vectorization of Line Drawing Images,
CVIU(65), No. 1, January 1997, pp. 38-56. 9702

DOI Link BibRef

Chiang, J.Y.[John Y.], Tue, S.C., Leu, Y.C.,
A New Algorithm for Line Image Vectorization,
PR(31), No. 10, October 1998, pp. 1541-1549.
Elsevier DOI 9808
Maximum inscribing circle. BibRef

Chang, H.H.[Hung-Hsin], Yan, H.[Hong],
Vectorization of hand-drawn image using piecewise cubic Bezier curves fitting,
PR(31), No. 11, November 1998, pp. 1747-1755.
Elsevier DOI Curve to fit data points. BibRef 9811

Zou, J.J.[Ju Jia], Yan, H.[Hong],
Line Image Vectorization Based on Shape Partitioning and Merging,
ICPR00(Vol III: 994-997).
IEEE DOI 0009
BibRef

Liu, W.Y.[Wen-Yin], Dori, D.[Dov],
From Rasters to Vectors: Extracting Visual Information from Line Drawings,
PAA(2), No. 1, 1999, pp. 10-21. BibRef 9900

Dori, D.[Dov], Liu, W.Y.[Wen-Yin],
Sparse Pixel Vectorization: An Algorithm and Its Performance Evaluation,
PAMI(21), No. 3, March 1999, pp. 202-215.
IEEE DOI Document Analysis. Engineering Drawing Analysis. BibRef 9903
Earlier:
Performance Evaluation of Graphics Recognition Algorithms: Principles and Applications,
ICPR98(Vol II: 1180-1182).
IEEE DOI 9808
Only visit selected medial axis points rather than all points. The results are good, except for detailed graphics in the original. BibRef

Liu, W.Y.[Wen-Yin], Dori, D.[Dov],
A Generic Integrated Line Detection Algorithm and Its Object-Process Specification,
CVIU(70), No. 3, June 1998, pp. 420-437.
DOI Link BibRef 9806

Dori, D.,
Vector-Based Arc Segmentation in the Machine Drawing Understanding System Environment,
PAMI(17), No. 11, November 1995, pp. 1057-1068.
IEEE DOI Document Understanding. The paper has the code.
See also Representing Pattern Recognition-Embedded Systems through Object-Process Diagrams: The Case of the Machine Drawing Understanding System. BibRef 9511

Dori, D.[Dov], Liu, W.Y.[Wen-Yin],
Stepwise Recovery of Arc Segmentation in Complex Line Environments,
IJDAR(1), No. 1, Spring 1998, pp. xx-yy. BibRef 9800

Chai, I., Dori, D.,
Orthogonal Zig-Zag: An Efficient Method for Extracting Straight Lines from Engineering Drawings,
VF91(127-136). Selectively process only a part of the image (trace the line) rather than the whole thing to fine the straight lines. BibRef 9100

Dori, D., Liu, W.Y.,
Arc Segmentation from Complex Line Environments: A Vector-Based Stepwise Recovery Algorithm,
ICDAR97(76-80).
IEEE DOI 9708
BibRef

Liu, W.Y., Dori, D.,
Sparse Pixel Tracking: A Fast Vectorization Algorithm Applied to Engineering Drawings,
ICPR96(III: 808-812).
IEEE DOI 9608
(Technion, IL) BibRef

Liu, W.Y., Dori, D.,
Incremental Arc Segmentation Algorithm and Its Evaluation,
PAMI(20), No. 4, April 1998, pp. 424-431.
IEEE DOI 9806
BibRef

Zhai, J.[Jian], Liu, W.Y.[Wen-Yin], Dori, D., Li, Q.[Qing],
A line drawings degradation model for performance characterization,
ICDAR03(1020-1024).
IEEE DOI 0311
BibRef

Liu, W.Y., Dori, D.,
A Protocol for Performance Evaluation of Line Detection Algorithms,
MVA(9), No. 5-6, 1997, pp. 240-250.
Springer DOI 9705
BibRef

Fränti, P., Ageenko, E.I., Kolesnikov, A.,
Vectorising and Feature-Based Filtering for Line-Drawing Image Compression,
PAA(2), No. 4, 1999, pp. 285-291. 9911
BibRef

Kolesnikov, A.[Alexander], Fränti, P.[Pasi],
Data reduction of large vector graphics,
PR(38), No. 3, March 2005, pp. 381-394.
Elsevier DOI 0412

See also Compression of map images for real-time applications.
See also Lossless Compression of Map Contours by Context Tree Modeling of Chain Codes. BibRef

Phillips, I.T.[Ihsin T.], Chhabra, A.K.[Atul K.],
Empirical Performance Evaluation of Graphics Recognition Systems,
PAMI(21), No. 9, September 1999, pp. 849-870.
IEEE DOI BibRef 9909
Earlier: A2, A1:
A Benchmark for Graphics Recognition Systems,
EEMCV98(xx). BibRef
And: A2, A1: EEMTV98(xx) Compare vectorization packages. Test on I/Vector (
See also I/Vector (Vectory). ). VPstudio (
See also VPstudio. ). MDUS (
See also Automated CAD Conversion with the Machine Drawing Understanding System. ). BibRef

Song, J.Q.[Ji-Qiang], Su, F.[Feng], Chen, J.B.[Ji-Bing], Cai, S.J.[Shi-Jie],
A Knowledge-Aided Line Network Oriented Vectorisation Method for Engineering Drawings,
PAA(3), No. 2, 2000, pp. 132-141. 0010
BibRef

Su, F.[Feng], Cai, S.J.[Shi-Jie],
A Character Extraction and Recognition Method for Line Drawings,
CISP09(1-5).
IEEE DOI 0910
BibRef

Su, F., Song, J.Q., Tai, C.L., Cai, S.J.,
Dimension Recognition and Geometry Reconstruction in Vectorization of Engineering Drawings,
CVPR01(I:710-716).
IEEE DOI 0110
BibRef

Song, J.Q.[Ji-Qiang], Su, F.[Feng], Tai, C.L.[Chiew-Lan], Cai, S.J.[Shi-Jie],
An Object-Oriented Progressive-Simplification-Based Vectorization System for Engineering Drawings: Model, Algorithm, and Performance,
PAMI(24), No. 8, August 2002, pp. 1048-1060.
IEEE Abstract. 0208
BibRef

Song, J.Q.[Ji-Qiang], Su, F.[Feng], Chen, J.B.[Ji-Bing], Tai, C.L.[Chiew-Lan], Cai, S.J.[Shi-Jie],
Line Net Global Vectorization: An Algorithm and its Performance Evaluation,
CVPR00(I: 383-388).
IEEE DOI 0005
BibRef

I/Vector (Vectory),
1999. Product information. Raster to vector conversion software.
WWW Link. or
WWW Link. Vendor, Vectorization.

VextraSoft,
2000. Raster to vector conversion software.
WWW Link. Vendor, Vectorization.

VPstudio,
1999 Product information. Raster to vector conversion software.
WWW Link. or
WWW Link. Vendor, Vectorization.

Bodansky, E.[Eugene], Pilouk, M.[Morakot],
Using local deviations of vectorization to enhance the performance of raster-to-vector conversion systems,
IJDAR(3), No. 2, 2000, pp. 67-72. 0101
BibRef

Chen, K.Z.[Ke-Zhang], Zhang, X.W.[Xi-Wen], Ou, Z.Y.[Zong-Ying], Feng, X.A.[Xin-An],
Recognition of digital curves scanned from paper drawings using genetic algorithms,
PR(36), No. 1, January 2003, pp. 123-130.
Elsevier DOI 0210
holo-extraction. Segments and linking points. BibRef

Hilaire, X., Tombre, K.,
Robust and Accurate Vectorization of Line Drawings,
PAMI(28), No. 6, June 2006, pp. 890-904.
IEEE DOI 0605
Separate into layers based on thickness, form skeletons of layers. BibRef

Hilaire, X.,
A matching scheme to enhance performance evaluation of raster-to-vector conversion algorithms,
ICDAR03(629-633).
IEEE DOI 0311
BibRef

Tombre, K., Tabbone, S.A.,
Vectorization in Graphics Recognition: To Thin or Not to Thin,
ICPR00(Vol II: 91-96).
IEEE DOI 0009
Survey, Vectorication. BibRef

Sivignon, I.[Isabelle], Dupont, F.[Florent], Chassery, J.M.[Jean-Marc],
Reversible vectorisation of 3D digital planar curves and applications,
IVC(25), No. 10, 1 October 2007, pp. 1644-1656.
Elsevier DOI 0709
Discrete polygon; 3D; Vectorisation; Modelling BibRef

Coeurjolly, D.[David], Sivignon, I.[Isabelle],
Measure Of Straight Lines For Digital Contour Analysis,
IJIST(21), No. 1, 2011, pp. 67-75.
DOI Link digital geometry, measure of lines, contour analysis
See also Near-Linear Time Guaranteed Algorithm for Digital Curve Simplification Under the Fréchet Distance, A. BibRef 1100

Sivignon, I.[Isabelle],
Algorithms for Fast Digital Straight Segments Union,
DGCI14(344-357).
Springer DOI 1410

See also What Does Digital Straightness Tell about Digital Convexity?. BibRef

Park, W.[Woojin], Yu, K.[Kiyun],
Hybrid line simplification for cartographic generalization,
PRL(32), No. 9, 1 July 2011, pp. 1267-1273.
Elsevier DOI 1101
Hybrid line simplification; Line segmentation; Cartographic generalization; Positional error BibRef

Al-Khaffaf, H.S.M.[Hasan S.M.], Talib, A.Z.[Abdullah Z.], Abdul Salam, R.[Rosalina],
Empirical Performance Evaluation of Raster-to-Vector Conversion Methods: A Study on Multi-Level Interactions between Different Factors,
IEICE(E94-D), No. 6, June 2011, pp. 1278-1288.
WWW Link. 1101
BibRef

Alvarez, M.[Miguel], Algorri, M.E.[Maria-Elena],
Vectorization and Line Detection for Automatic Image Recognition,
IJIG(11), No. 1, January 2011, pp. 439-470.
DOI Link 1108
BibRef

Albert, F., Fernández-Pacheco, D.G., Aleixos, N.,
New method to find corner and tangent vertices in sketches using parametric cubic curves approximation,
PR(46), No. 5, May 2013, pp. 1433-1448.
Elsevier DOI 1302
Corner and tangent vertices detection; Hand-drawn and sketch segmentation; Image object recognition; Natural interfaces BibRef

Albert, F., Aleixos, N.,
Improvements to the TCVD method to segment hand-drawn sketches,
PR(63), No. 1, 2017, pp. 416-426.
Elsevier DOI 1612
Corner vertices detection BibRef

Premachandra, C.[Chinthaka], Premachandra, H.W.H.[H. Waruna H.], Parape, C.D.[Chandana D.], Kawanaka, H.[Hiroharu],
Parallel Layer Scanning Based Fast Dot/Dash Line Detection Algorithm for Large Scale Binary Document Images,
ICIAR14(I: 395-402).
Springer DOI 1410
BibRef

Refaey, M.A.A.[Mohammed A. A.],
Background Ruled-Lines Detection and Removal in Full-Colored Handwritten Image Documents,
IJIG(15), No. 02, 2015, pp. 1540006.
DOI Link 1505
BibRef

Kansal, R.[Ruchin], Kumar, S.[Subodh],
A vectorization framework for constant and linear gradient filled regions,
VC(31), No. 5, May 2015, pp. 717-732.
WWW Link. 1505
BibRef

De, P.[Paramita], Mandal, S.[Sekhar], Bhowmick, P.[Partha], Das, A.K.[Amit K.],
ASKME: adaptive sampling with knowledge-driven vectorization of mechanical engineering drawings,
IJDAR(19), No. 1, March 2016, pp. 11-29.
Springer DOI 1602
BibRef

Mandal, S.[Sekhar], Das, A.K.[Amit K.], Bhowmick, P.[Partha],
A fast technique for vectorization of engineering drawings using morphology and digital straightness,
ICCVGIP10(490-497).
DOI Link 1111
BibRef

Pratihar, S.[Sanjoy], Bhowmick, P.[Partha],
Vectorization of thick digital lines using Farey sequence and geometric refinement,
ICCVGIP10(518-525).
DOI Link 1111
BibRef

Song, J.[Jia], Miao, R.[Ru],
A Novel Evaluation Approach for Line Simplification Algorithms towards Vector Map Visualization,
IJGI(5), No. 12, 2016, pp. 223.
DOI Link 1612
BibRef

Chen, J.Z.[Jia-Zhou], Du, M.Q.[Meng-Qi], Qin, X.J.[Xu-Jia], Miao, Y.W.[Yong-Wei],
An improved topology extraction approach for vectorization of sketchy line drawings,
VC(34), No. 12, December 2018, pp. 1633-1644.
WWW Link. 1811
BibRef

Jelinek, A.[Ales], Zalud, L.[Ludek], Jilek, T.[Tomas],
Fast total least squares vectorization,
RealTimeIP(16), No. 2, April 2019, pp. 459-475.
Springer DOI 1904
Compare times to:
See also Algorithms for the reduction of the number of points required to represent a digitized line or its caricature. BibRef

Chen, K., Luo, Y., Lai, Y., Chen, Y., Yao, C., Chu, H., Lee, T.,
Image Vectorization With Real-Time Thin-Plate Spline,
MultMed(22), No. 1, January 2020, pp. 15-29.
IEEE DOI 2001
Image color analysis, Interpolation, Real-time systems, Feature extraction, Image coding, Scalability, real-time editability BibRef

Zhu, L.J.[Ling-Jie], Shen, S.H.[Shu-Han], Gao, X.[Xiang], Hu, Z.Y.[Zhan-Yi],
Urban Scene Vectorized Modeling Based on Contour Deformation,
IJGI(9), No. 3, 2020, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2004
BibRef

Liu, B.[Bo], Liu, X.[Xuechao], Li, D.J.[Da-Jun], Shi, Y.[Yu], Fernandez, G.[Gabriela], Wang, Y.D.[Yan-Dong],
A Vector Line Simplification Algorithm Based on the Douglas-Peucker Algorithm, Monotonic Chains and Dichotomy,
IJGI(9), No. 4, 2020, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2005
BibRef

Liu, D.G.[Dong-Ge], Wang, T.[Tao], Li, X.J.[Xiao-Juan], Ni, Y.Q.[Ye-Qing], Li, Y.P.[Yan-Ping], Jin, Z.[Zhao],
A Multiresolution Vector Data Compression Algorithm Based on Space Division,
IJGI(9), No. 12, 2020, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2012
BibRef

Ali, D.[Dashti], Asaad, A.[Aras], Jimenez, M.J.[Maria-Jose], Nanda, V.[Vidit], Paluzo-Hidalgo, E.[Eduardo], Soriano-Trigueros, M.[Manuel],
A Survey of Vectorization Methods in Topological Data Analysis,
PAMI(45), No. 12, December 2023, pp. 14069-14080.
IEEE DOI 2311
Survey, Vectorization. BibRef

He, Y.C.[Yu-Chen], Kang, S.H.[Sung Ha], Morel, J.M.[Jean-Michel],
Viva: a Variational Image Vectorization Algorithm on Dual-Primal Graph Pairs,
ICIP23(1285-1289)
IEEE DOI 2312
BibRef

Xiang, X.J.[Xiao-Jun], Jiang, H.Q.[Han-Qing], Yu, Y.H.[Yi-Hao], Shen, D.H.[Dong-Hui], Zhen, J.A.[Jian-An], Bao, H.J.[Hu-Jun], Zhou, X.W.[Xiao-Wei], Zhang, G.F.[Guo-Feng],
Efficient High-Quality Vectorized Modeling of Large-Scale Scenes,
IJCV(132), No. 10, October 2024, pp. 4564-4588.
Springer DOI 2410
BibRef

Liu, J.Y.F.[Jeffrey Yun-Fan], Chen, Y.[Yun], Yang, Z.[Ze], Wang, J.K.[Jing-Kang], Manivasagam, S.[Sivabalan], Urtasun, R.[Raquel],
Real-Time Neural Rasterization for Large Scenes,
ICCV23(8382-8393)
IEEE DOI 2401
BibRef

Cao, D.[Defu], Wang, Z.W.[Zhao-Wen], Echevarria, J.[Jose], Liu, Y.[Yan],
SVGformer: Representation Learning for Continuous Vector Graphics using Transformers,
CVPR23(10093-10102)
IEEE DOI 2309
BibRef

Qiao, L.[Limeng], Ding, W.J.[Wen-Jie], Qiu, X.[Xi], Zhang, C.[Chi],
End-to-End Vectorized HD-map Construction with Piecewise Bézier Curve,
CVPR23(13218-13228)
IEEE DOI 2309
BibRef

Song, W.L.[Wei-Lian], Abyaneh, M.M.[Mahsa Maleki], Shabani, M.A.[Mohammad Amin], Furukawa, Y.[Yasutaka],
Vectorizing Building Blueprints,
ACCV22(I:142-157).
Springer DOI 2307
BibRef

He, Y.C.[Yu-Chen], Kang, S.H.[Sung Ha], Morel, J.M.[Jean-Michel],
Vectorizing Images of Any Size,
ICIP22(816-820)
IEEE DOI 2211
Graphics, Interpolation, Art, Systematics, Image resolution, Filtering, Software algorithms, Vectorization, Color image, Bézier curve BibRef

Ma, X.[Xu], Zhou, Y.Q.[Yu-Qian], Xu, X.Q.[Xing-Qian], Sun, B.[Bin], Filev, V.[Valerii], Orlov, N.[Nikita], Fu, Y.[Yun], Shi, H.[Humphrey],
Towards Layer-wise Image Vectorization,
CVPR22(16293-16302)
IEEE DOI 2210
Photography, Interpolation, Shape, Computational modeling, Semantics, Optimization methods, Data models, Computational photography, Optimization methods BibRef

Bhunia, A.K.[Ayan Kumar], Chowdhury, P.N.[Pinaki Nath], Yang, Y.X.[Yong-Xin], Hospedales, T.M.[Timothy M.], Xiang, T.[Tao], Song, Y.Z.[Yi-Zhe],
Vectorization and Rasterization: Self-Supervised Learning for Sketch and Handwriting,
CVPR21(5668-5677)
IEEE DOI 2111
Deep learning, Handwriting recognition, Writing, Tools, Task analysis BibRef

Das, A.[Ayan], Yang, Y.X.[Yong-Xin], Hospedales, T.M.[Timothy M.], Xiang, T.[Tao], Song, Y.Z.[Yi-Zhe],
Cloud2Curve: Generation and Vectorization of Parametric Sketches,
CVPR21(7084-7093)
IEEE DOI 2111
Training, Graphics, Deep learning, Computational modeling, Fitting, Computer architecture BibRef

Reddy, P.[Pradyumna], Gharbi, M.[Michaël], Lukác, M.[Michal], Mitra, N.J.[Niloy J.],
Im2Vec: Synthesizing Vector Graphics without Vector Supervision,
CVPR21(7338-7347)
IEEE DOI 2111
BibRef
And: SketchDL21(2124-2133)
IEEE DOI 2109
Training, Interpolation, Shape, Network topology, Pipelines, Neural networks BibRef

Egiazarian, V.[Vage], Voynov, O.[Oleg], Artemov, A.[Alexey], Volkhonskiy, D.[Denis], Safin, A.[Aleksandr], Taktasheva, M.[Maria], Zorin, D.[Denis], Burnaev, E.[Evgeny],
Deep Vectorization of Technical Drawings,
ECCV20(XIII:582-598).
Springer DOI 2011
BibRef

Liu, C., Wu, J., Kohli, P., Furukawa, Y.,
Raster-to-Vector: Revisiting Floorplan Transformation,
ICCV17(2214-2222)
IEEE DOI 1802
architecture, data visualisation, image representation, integer programming, BibRef

Bonnici, A.[Alexandra], Camilleri, K.P.[Kenneth P.],
Vectorisation of Sketched Drawings Using Co-occurring Sample Circles,
CAIP15(I:690-701).
Springer DOI 1511
BibRef

Lech, P.[Piotr],
The Detection of Horizontal Lines Based on the Monte Carlo Reduced Resolution Images,
ICCVG14(374-381).
Springer DOI 1410
BibRef

Mara, H., Kromker, S.,
Vectorization of 3D-Characters by Integral Invariant Filtering of High-Resolution Triangular Meshes,
ICDAR13(62-66)
IEEE DOI 1312
XML BibRef

Bao, B.[Bin], Fu, H.B.[Hong-Bo],
Vectorizing line drawings with near-constant line width,
ICIP12(805-808).
IEEE DOI 1302
BibRef

Scarmana, G.,
From Image Contours To Pixels,
ISPRS12(XXXIX-B3:415-419).
DOI Link 1209
BibRef

Yang, Y., An, X., Huang, L.,
Vectorization of Linear Features In Scanned Topographic Maps Using Adaptive Image Segmentation and Sequential Line Tracking,
ISPRS12(XXXIX-B4:103-108).
DOI Link 1209
BibRef

Su, C.Y.[Chung-Yuan], Chang, R.I.[Ray-I], Liu, J.C.[Jen-Chang],
Recognizing Text Elements for SVG Comic Compression and Its Novel Applications,
ICDAR11(1329-1333).
IEEE DOI 1111
SVG: scalable vector graphics. For 2D graphics in HTML BibRef

Debled-Rennesson, I.[Isabelle], Wendling, L.[Laurent],
Extraction of Successive Patterns in Document Images by a New Concept Based on Force Histogram and Thick Discrete Lines,
CIAP15(I:387-397).
Springer DOI 1511
BibRef
And:
Combining Force Histogram and Discrete Lines to Extract Dashed Lines,
ICPR10(1574-1577).
IEEE DOI 1008
BibRef

Bucha, V., Ablameyko, S.V., Uchida, S.,
Image Pixel Force Fields and their Application for Color Map Vectorisation,
ICDAR07(1228-1242).
IEEE DOI 0709
BibRef

Huang, W., Liu, R., Tan, C.L.,
Extraction of Vectorized Graphical Information from Scientific Chart Images,
ICDAR07(521-525).
IEEE DOI 0709
BibRef

Bodansky, E.[Eugene], Gribov, A.[Alexander],
Approximation of a Polyline with a Sequence of Geometric Primitives,
ICIAR06(II: 468-478).
Springer DOI 0610
BibRef

Gribov, A.[Alexander], Bodansky, E.[Eugene],
Reconstruction of Orthogonal Polygonal Lines,
DAS06(462-473).
Springer DOI 0602
BibRef

Zhou, Y.P.[Yan-Ping], Tan, C.L.[Chew Lim],
Coordinate systems reconstruction for graphical documents by hough-feature clustering and geometric analysis,
ICPR04(I: 376-379).
IEEE DOI 0409
BibRef

Huang, W.H.[Wei-Hua], Tan, C.L.[Chew Lim], Leow, W.K.[Wee Kheng],
Elliptic arc vectorization for 3d pie chart recognition,
ICIP04(V: 2889-2892).
IEEE DOI 0505
BibRef

Gribov, A., Bodansky, E.,
Vectorization with the voronoi L-diagram,
ICDAR03(1015-1019).
IEEE DOI 0311
BibRef

Cho, S.B.[Sung-Bae], Choy, Y.C.[Yoon-Chul], Lee, K.H.[Kyong-Ho],
A Knowledge-Based Automated Vectorizing System for Geographic Information System,
ICPR98(Vol II: 1546-1548).
IEEE DOI 9808
BibRef

Joung, H.[Hwayong], Wong, E.K., Chen, Y.[Yu], Kim, S.P.,
Document image compression using straight line extraction and block context model,
ICIP98(I: 530-534).
IEEE DOI 9810
BibRef

Arias, J.F., Chhabra, A., Misra, V.,
Finding Straight Lines in Drawings,
ICDAR97(788-791).
IEEE DOI 9708
BibRef

Luo, H., Kasturi, R., Arias, J.F., Chhabra, A.,
Interpretation of Lines in Distributing Frame Drawings,
ICDAR97(66-70).
IEEE DOI 9708
BibRef

Tanigawa, S., Hori, O., Shimotsuji, S.,
Precise line detection from an engineering drawing using a figure fitting method based on contours and skeletons,
ICPR94(B:356-360).
IEEE DOI 9410
BibRef

Jennings, C., Parker, J.R.,
Vision knowledge vectorization: converting raster images into vector form,
ICPR94(A:311-315).
IEEE DOI 9410
BibRef

Babaguchi, N., Tanaka, K., Kitahashi, T.,
Generating of sketch map drawing from vectorized image,
ICIP94(III: 207-211).
IEEE DOI 9411
BibRef

Pizano, A.,
Extracting line features from images of business forms and tables,
ICPR92(III:399-403).
IEEE DOI 9208
BibRef

Hori, O., Okazaki, A.,
High Quality Vectorization based on a Generic Object Model,
SDIA92(xx-yy). 0905
BibRef

Suzuki, S., Ueda, N.,
Robust vectorization using graph-based thinning and reliability-based line approximation,
CVPR91(494-500).
IEEE DOI 0403
BibRef

Suzuki, S.,
Graph-Based Vectorization Method for Line Patterns,
CVPR88(616-621).
IEEE DOI BibRef 8800

Chapter on Edge Detection and Analysis, Lines, Segments, Curves, Corners, Hough Transform continues in
General Systems for Lines and Curves .