5.4.3.6.1 Color Quantization of Images

Chapter Contents (Back)
Compression. Quantization. Color Quantization. Not strictly compression, but sometimes is.

Lloyd, S.P.,
Least Squares Quantization in PCM,
IT(28), 1982, pp. 129-137.< Not just color quantization, but general technique. BibRef 8200

Heckbert, P.S.,
Color image quantization for frame buffer display,
Computer Graphics(16), 1982, pp. 297-307. cluster based quantization. BibRef 8200

Wataya, M.[Masafumi],
Encoding apparatus for color image data with block-by-block individual quantizing or individual encoding of luminosity, structure, and color information,
US_Patent4,887,151, Dec 12, 1989
WWW Link. BibRef 8912

Wan, S.J., Prusinkiewicz, P., and Wong, S.K.M.,
Variance based color image quantization for frame buffer display,
ColorRes(15), 1990, pp. 52-58. BibRef 9000

Zaccarin, A.[André], Liu, B.[Bede],
A Novel Approach For Coding Color Quantized Images,
IP(2), No. 4, October 1993, pp. 442-453.
IEEE DOI BibRef 9310

Rodriguez, J.J., Yang, C.C.,
Effects of luminance quantization error on color image processing,
IP(3), No. 6, November 1994, pp. 850-854.
IEEE DOI 0402
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Braquelaire, J.P., Brun, L.,
Comparison and Optimization of Methods of Color Image Quantization,
IP(6), No. 7, July 1997, pp. 1048-1052.
IEEE DOI 9707
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Xiang, Z.G.,
Color Image Quantization by Minimizing the Maximum Intercluster Distance,
ToG(16), No. 3, July 1997, pp. 260-276. 9709
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Gonzalez, A.I., Grana, M., d'Anjou, A., Albizuri, F.X., Torrealdea, F.J.,
A Comparison of Experimental Results with an Evolution Strategy and Competitive Neural Networks for Near Real-Time Color Quantization of Image Sequences,
AppIntel(8), No. 1, January 1998, pp. 43-51. 9804
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Tasdizen, T.[Tolga], Akarun, L.[Lale], Ersoy, C.[Cem],
Color quantization with genetic algorithms,
SP:IC(12), No. 1, March 1998, pp. 49-57.
Elsevier DOI BibRef 9803

Özdemir, D.[Dogan], Akarun, L.[Lale],
A fuzzy algorithm for color quantization of images,
PR(35), No. 8, August 2002, pp. 1785-1791.
Elsevier DOI 0206
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Özdemir, D.[Dogan], Akarun, L.[Lale],
Fuzzy algorithms for combined quantization and dithering,
IP(10), No. 6, June 2001, pp. 923-931.
IEEE DOI 0106
Intercluster separation fuzzy clustering. BibRef

Akarun, L., Yardimci, Y., Cetin, A.E.[A. Enis],
Adaptive Methods for Dithering Color Images,
IP(6), No. 7, July 1997, pp. 950-955.
IEEE DOI 9707
BibRef
Earlier: ICIP95(III: 125-128).
IEEE DOI 9510
BibRef

Akarun, L., Ozdemir, D., Yalcin, O.,
Joint quantization and dithering of color images,
ICIP96(I: 557-560).
IEEE DOI 9610
BibRef

Gelli, G., Poggi, G.,
Compression of Multispectral Images by Spectral Classification and Transform Coding,
IP(8), No. 4, April 1999, pp. 476-489.
IEEE DOI
See also Costs and Advantages of Shape-Adaptive Wavelet Transform for Region-Based Image Coding. BibRef 9904

Finelli, M., Gelli, G., Poggi, G.,
Multispectral-image coding by spectral classification,
ICIP96(II: 605-608).
IEEE DOI 9610
BibRef

Cagnazzo, M.[Marco], Cicala, L.[Luca], Poggi, G.[Giovanni], Verdoliva, L.[Luisa],
Low-complexity compression of multispectral images based on classified transform coding,
SP:IC(21), No. 10, November 2006, pp. 850-861.
Elsevier DOI 0701
Multispectral images; Remote sensing; Image compression; Region-based coding; Low complexity
See also Costs and Advantages of Shape-Adaptive Wavelet Transform for Region-Based Image Coding. BibRef

Cagnazzo, M.[Marco], Poggi, G.[Giovanni], Verdoliva, L.[Luisa],
Region-Based Transform Coding of Multispectral Images,
IP(16), No. 12, December 2007, pp. 2916-2926.
IEEE DOI 0711
BibRef
Earlier:
A Comparison of Flat and Object-Based Transform Coding Techniques for the Compression of Multispectral Images,
ICIP05(I: 657-660).
IEEE DOI 0512
BibRef

Lin, W.J., Lin, J.C.,
Color quantization by preserving color distribution features,
SP(78), No. 2, 1999, pp. 201-214. BibRef 9900

Hsieh, I.S.[Ing-Sheen], Fan, K.C.[Kuo-Chin],
An adaptive clustering algorithm for color quantization,
PRL(21), No. 3, March 2000, pp. 337-346. 0004
BibRef

Puzicha, J., Held, M., Ketterer, J., Buhmann, J.M., Fellner, D.,
On Spatial Quantization of Color Images,
IP(9), No. 4, April 2000, pp. 666-682.
IEEE DOI 0004
BibRef
Earlier: A3, A1, A2, A4, A5: ECCV98(I: 563).
Springer DOI BibRef

Cheng, S.C.[Shyi-Chyi], Yang, C.K.[Chen-Kuei],
A fast and novel technique for color quantization using reduction of color space dimensionality,
PRL(22), No. 8, June 2001, pp. 845-856.
Elsevier DOI 0105
BibRef

Orwell, J., Remagnino, P.M., Jones, G.A.,
Optimal Color Quantization for Real-Time Object Recognition,
RealTimeImg(7), No. 5, October 2001, pp. 401-414.
DOI Link 0110
BibRef

Mojsilovic, A., Soljanin, E.,
Color quantization and processing by Fibonacci lattices,
IP(10), No. 11, November 2001, pp. 1712-1725.
IEEE DOI 0201
BibRef

Pei, S.C.[Soo-Chang], Cheng, C.M.[Ching-Min],
Dependent scalar quantization of color images,
CirSysVideo(5), No. 2, April 1995, pp. 124-139.
IEEE Top Reference. 0206
BibRef

Greenfield, J.D.[James David], Mauersberg, D.M.[Diane Marie], Ngai, A.Y.[Agnes Yee],
Apparatus for color component compression,
US_Patent6,198,767, Mar 6, 2001
WWW Link. BibRef 0103

Cheng, S.S.[Samuel S.], Xiong, Z.X.[Zi-Xiang], Wu, X.L.[Xiao-Lin],
Fast Trellis-Coded Color Quantization of Images,
RealTimeImg(8), No. 4, August 2002, pp. 265-275.
DOI Link 0210
BibRef

Xiong, Z.X.[Zi-Xiang], Huang, J.Q.[Jian Qiao],
Trellis Coded Color Quantization of Images,
ICIP99(IV:310-313).
IEEE DOI BibRef 9900

Chen, X.[Xin], Kwong, S.[Sam], Feng, J.F.[Ju-Fu],
A new compression scheme for color-quantized images,
CirSysVideo(12), No. 10, October 2002, pp. 904-908.
IEEE Top Reference. 0212
BibRef

Cheung, W.F.[Wan-Fung], Chan, Y.H.[Yuk-Hee],
Color quantization of compressed video sequences,
CirSysVideo(13), No. 3, March 2003, pp. 270-276.
IEEE Top Reference. 0304
BibRef

Lo, K.C., Chan, Y.H., Yu, M.P.,
Colour quantization by three-dimensional frequency diffusion,
PRL(24), No. 14, October 2003, pp. 2325-2334.
Elsevier DOI 0307
BibRef

Fung, Y.H.[Yik-Hing], Chan, Y.H.[Yuk-Hee],
POCS-based algorithm for restoring colour-quantised images,
VISP(151), No. 2, April 2004, pp. 119-127.
IEEE Abstract. 0406
BibRef
Earlier:
An iterative algorithm for restoring color-quantized images,
ICIP02(I: 313-316).
IEEE DOI 0210

See also simulated annealing restoration algorithm for restoring halftoned color-quantized images, A. BibRef

Fung, Y.H.[Yik-Hing], Chan, Y.H.[Yuk-Hee],
A Technique for Producing Scalable Color-Quantized Images With Error Diffusion,
IP(15), No. 10, October 2006, pp. 3218-3224.
IEEE DOI 0609
BibRef

Fadel, C.K.[Charles K.],
Throughput enhanced video communication,
US_Patent6,597,736, Jul 22, 2003
WWW Link. Color mapped image. BibRef 0307

Cheng, S.C.[Shyi-Chyi], Hsia, S.C.[Shih-Chang],
Fast algorithms for color image processing by principal component analysis,
JVCIR(14), No. 2, June 2003, pp. 184-203.
Elsevier DOI 0306
BibRef

Hsia, S.C.[Shih-Chang],
A fast efficient restoration algorithm for high-noise image filtering with adaptive approach,
JVCIR(16), No. 3, June 2005, pp. 379-392.
Elsevier DOI 0711
Median filter; Adaptive algorithm; Impulse noise; Signal processing BibRef

Li, X.L.[Xue-Long], Yuan, T.Q.[Tian-Qiang], Yu, N.H.[Neng-Hai], Yuan, Y.[Yuan],
Adaptive color quantization based on perceptive edge protection,
PRL(24), No. 16, December 2003, pp. 3165-3176.
Elsevier DOI 0310
BibRef

Maciol, R.[Ryszard], Yuan, Y.[Yuan], Nabney, I.T.[Ian T.],
Colour Image Coding with Matching Pursuit in the Spatio-frequency Domain,
CIAP11(I: 306-317).
Springer DOI 1109
BibRef

Sirisathitkul, Y., Auwatanamongkol, S., Uyyanonvara, B.,
Color image quantization using distances between adjacent colors along the color axis with highest color variance,
PRL(25), No. 9, 2 July 2004, pp. 1025-1043.
Elsevier DOI 0407
BibRef
Earlier:
Fast color image quantization using squared euclidean distance of adjacent color points along the highest color variance axis,
ICPR04(I: 656-659).
IEEE DOI 0409
BibRef

Vrhel, M.J.,
Indexing of Multidimensional Lookup Tables in Embedded Systems,
IP(13), No. 10, October 2004, pp. 1319-1326.
IEEE DOI 0410
BibRef
Earlier:
Approximation of color characterization MLUTs with artificial neural networks,
ICIP03(I: 465-468).
IEEE DOI 0312
BibRef

Vrhel, M.J.,
Color Image Resolution Conversion,
IP(14), No. 3, March 2005, pp. 328-333.
IEEE DOI 0501
BibRef

Bing, Z.[Zhou], Junyi, S.[Shen], Qinke, P.[Peng],
An adjustable algorithm for color quantization,
PRL(25), No. 16, December 2004, pp. 1787-1797.
Elsevier DOI 0411
BibRef

Atsalakis, A., Papamarkos, N., Kroupis, N., Soudris, D., Thanailakis, A.,
Colour quantisation technique based on image decomposition and its embedded system implementation,
VISP(151), No. 6, December 2004, pp. 511-524.
IEEE Abstract. 0501
BibRef

Atsalakis, A., Kroupis, N., Soudris, D., Papamarkos, N.,
A window-based color quantization technique and its embedded implementation,
ICIP02(II: 365-368).
IEEE DOI 0210
BibRef

Kim, N., Kehtarnavaz, N.,
DWT-based scene-adaptive color quantization,
RealTimeImg(11), No. 5-6, October-December 2005, pp. 443-453.
Elsevier DOI 0510
BibRef

Kanjanawanishkul, K.[Kiattisin], Uyyanonvara, B.[Bunyarit],
Novel fast color reduction algorithm for time-constrained applications,
JVCIR(16), No. 3, June 2005, pp. 311-332.
Elsevier DOI 0711
Color quantization; Sub-sampling quantizer; Value representing variance; Centroid mapping; Squared euclidean distance BibRef

Yu, C.H., Chen, S.Y.,
Universal colour quantisation for different colour spaces,
VISP(153), No. 4, August 2006, pp. 445-455.
WWW Link. 0705
BibRef

Lin, C.Y.[Chi-Yuan], Chen, C.H.[Chin-Hsing],
An invisible hybrid color image system using spread vector quantization neural networks with penalized FCM,
PR(40), No. 6, June 2007, pp. 1685-1694.
Elsevier DOI 0704
Neural networks; PFCM; Vector quantization; Hadamard transforms; DES and RSA cryptosystems BibRef

Ghanbarian, A.T.[Avazeh Tashakkori], Kabir, E.[Ehsanollah], Charkari, N.M.[Nasrollah Moghaddam],
Color reduction based on ant colony,
PRL(28), No. 12, 1 September 2007, pp. 1383-1390.
Elsevier DOI 0707
Color reduction; Clustering; Ant colony; Optimum palette; Image processing BibRef

Wang, C.H.[Chao-Huang], Lee, C.N.[Chung-Nan], Hsieh, C.H.[Chaur-Heh],
Sample-size adaptive self-organization map for color images quantization,
PRL(28), No. 13, 1 October 2007, pp. 1616-1629.
Elsevier DOI 0709
Unsupervised learning; Color quantization (CQ); Self-organization map (SOM); Clustering BibRef

Carmona, P.L.[Pedro Latorre], Lenz, R.[Reiner],
Performance evaluation of dimensionality reduction techniques for multispectral images,
IJIST(17), No. 3, 2007, pp. 202-217.
DOI Link 0711
BibRef

Celebi, M.E.[M. Emre],
Fast color quantization using weighted sort-means clustering,
JOSA-A(26), No. 11, November 2009, pp. 2434-2443.
DOI Link 0911
BibRef
And:
Effective initialization of k-means for color quantization,
ICIP09(1649-1652).
IEEE DOI 0911
BibRef

Celebi, M.E.[M. Emre],
Improving the performance of k-means for color quantization,
IVC(29), No. 4, March 2011, pp. 260-271.
Elsevier DOI 1102
Color quantization; Color reduction; Clustering; k-means BibRef

Celebi, M.E.[M. Emre], Wen, Q.[Quan], Chen, J.[Juan],
Color quantization using c-means clustering algorithms,
ICIP11(1729-1732).
IEEE DOI 1201
BibRef

Chen, H., Sun, M., Steinbach, E.,
Compression of Bayer-Pattern Video Sequences Using Adjusted Chroma Subsampling,
CirSysVideo(19), No. 12, December 2009, pp. 1891-1896.
IEEE DOI 0912
BibRef

Rasmusson, J.[Jim], Ström, J.[Jacob], Akenine-Möller, T.[Tomas],
Error-bounded lossy compression of floating-point color buffers using quadtree decomposition,
VC(26), No. 1, January 2010, pp. xx-yy.
Springer DOI 0912
Applied to floating point representations. BibRef

Periasamy, P.S., Athinarayanan, S., Duraiswamy, K.,
An Adaptive Thresholding-based Color Reduction Algorithm And Its Applications,
IJIG(11), No. 1, January 2011, pp. 83-101.
DOI Link 1103
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An, C., Nguyen, T.Q.,
Adaptive Lagrange Multiplier Selection Using Classification-Maximization and Its Application to Chroma QP Offset Decision,
CirSysVideo(21), No. 6, June 2011, pp. 783-791.
IEEE DOI 1101
chroma quantization parameter for Cb and Cr. BibRef

Teng, W.G., Chang, P.L., Yang, C.T.,
Adaptive and efficient colour quantisation based on a growing self-organising map,
IET-IPR(6), No. 5, 2012, pp. 463-472.
DOI Link 1210
BibRef

Yue, X.D., Miao, D.Q., Cao, L.B., Wu, Q., Chen, Y.F.,
An efficient color quantization based on generic roughness measure,
PR(47), No. 4, 2014, pp. 1777-1789.
Elsevier DOI 1402
Color quantization BibRef

Attia, M.[Mohamed], Nazih, W.[Waleed], Al-Badrashiny, M.[Mohamed], Elsimary, H.[Hamed],
Encoding true-color images with a limited palette via soft vector clustering as an instance of dithering multidimensional signals,
JVCIR(25), No. 2, 2014, pp. 349-360.
Elsevier DOI 1402
Digital BibRef

Battini Sonmez, E., Albayrak, S.,
Critical parameters of the sparse representation-based classifier,
IET-CV(7), No. 6, December 2013, pp. 500-507.
DOI Link 1402
compressed sensing. Classification as sparse representation. BibRef

Palomo, E.J.[Esteban J.], Domínguez, E.[Enrique],
Hierarchical Color Quantization Based on Self-organization,
JMIV(49), No. 1, May 2014, pp. 1-19.
WWW Link. 1404
BibRef

Celebi, M.E.[M. Emre], Wen, Q.[Quan], Hwang, S.[Sae],
An effective real-time color quantization method based on divisive hierarchical clustering,
RealTimeIP(10), No. 2, June 2015, pp. 329-344.
WWW Link. 1506
BibRef

Barthelemy, Q., Larue, A., Mars, J.I.,
Color Sparse Representations for Image Processing: Review, Models, and Prospects,
IP(24), No. 11, November 2015, pp. 3978-3989.
IEEE DOI 1509
image colour analysis BibRef

Huang, H.Z.[Hao-Zhi], Xu, K.[Kun], Martin, R.R., Huang, F.Y.[Fei-Yue], Hu, S.M.[Shi-Min],
Efficient, Edge-Aware, Combined Color Quantization and Dithering,
IP(25), No. 3, March 2016, pp. 1152-1162.
IEEE DOI 1602
data compression BibRef

Kang, J.W.[Je-Won], Kim, W.S.[Woo-Shik], Kawamura, K.[Kei],
Sample adaptive color space transform for screen content video coding,
SIViP(11), No. 3, March 2017, pp. 557-564.
WWW Link. 1702
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Wang, S., Zhang, X., Liu, X., Zhang, J., Ma, S., Gao, W.,
Utility-Driven Adaptive Preprocessing for Screen Content Video Compression,
MultMed(19), No. 3, March 2017, pp. 660-667.
IEEE DOI 1702
Bit rate BibRef

Zhang, X., Xiong, R., Lin, W., Zhang, J., Wang, S., Ma, S., Gao, W.,
Low-Rank-Based Nonlocal Adaptive Loop Filter for High-Efficiency Video Compression,
CirSysVideo(27), No. 10, October 2017, pp. 2177-2188.
IEEE DOI 1710
adaptive filters, data compression, image filtering, video coding, H.264-advanced video coding, low-rank-based nonlocal adaptive loop filter, BibRef

Zhu, S.Y., He, Z.Y., Chen, C., Liu, S.C., Zhou, J., Guo, Y., Zeng, B.,
High-Quality Color Image Compression by Quantization Crossing Color Spaces,
CirSysVideo(29), No. 5, May 2019, pp. 1474-1487.
IEEE DOI 1905
Image coding, Distortion, Quantization (signal), Color, Image color analysis, Distortion measurement, Transforms, error compensation BibRef

Pérez-Delgado, M.L.[María-Luisa],
Revisiting the Iterative Ant-tree for color quantization algorithm,
JVCIR(78), 2021, pp. 103180.
Elsevier DOI 2107
Color quantization, Clustering, Artificial ants BibRef

Lin, T.L.[Ting-Lan], Liu, B.H.[Bang-Hao], Jiang, K.H.[Kun-Hu],
An Efficient Algorithm for Luminance Optimization in Chroma Downsampling,
CirSysVideo(31), No. 9, September 2021, pp. 3719-3724.
IEEE DOI 2109
Image reconstruction, Distortion, Turning, Cost function, Image quality, Task analysis, Indexes, Luminance optimization, pixel distortion curve BibRef

Reinhard, J.[Johann], Urban, P.[Philipp],
Perceptually Optimizing Color Look-up Tables,
IP(32), 2023, pp. 403-414.
IEEE DOI 2301
Image color analysis, Printers, Measurement, Table lookup, Optimization, Color, Transforms, Digital printing, image quality, 3-dimensional printing BibRef

Hou, Y.Z.[Yun-Zhong], Gould, S.[Stephen], Zheng, L.[Liang],
Scalable Deep Color Quantization: A Cluster Imitation Approach,
IP(33), 2024, pp. 5273-5283.
IEEE DOI 2410
Image color analysis, Quantization (signal), Art, Visualization, Semantics, Neural networks, Image resolution, Color quantization, AI art creation BibRef

Purohit, V.[Vishal], Luo, J.J.[Jun-Jie], Chi, Y.H.[Yi-Heng], Guo, Q.[Qi], Chan, S.H.[Stanley H.], Qiu, Q.[Qiang],
Generative Quanta Color Imaging,
CVPR24(25138-25148)
IEEE DOI Code:
HTML Version. 2410
Technological innovation, Color, Ordinary differential equations, Cameras, Throughput, Mathematical models, Generative Imaging, Generative Models BibRef

Su, S.H.[Sheng-Han], Gu, L.[Lin], Yang, Y.[Yue], Zhang, Z.H.[Zeng-Hui], Harada, T.[Tatsuya],
Name Your Colour For the Task: Artificially Discover Colour Naming via Colour Quantisation Transformer,
ICCV23(11987-11997)
IEEE DOI Code:
WWW Link. 2401
BibRef

Hou, Y., Zheng, L., Gould, S.,
Learning to Structure an Image With Few Colors,
CVPR20(10113-10122)
IEEE DOI 2008
Image color analysis, Quantization (signal), Image coding, Indexes, Neural networks, Task analysis, Image recognition BibRef