25.4.4.4 Online Recognition of Chinese Characters

Chapter Contents (Back)
OCR. Online Recognition. Chinese Character Recognition. Character Recognition.

Hanaki, S.I.[Shin-Ichi], Temma, T.[Tsutomu], Yoshida, H.[Hiroshi],
An on-line character recognition aimed at a substitution for a billing machine keyboard,
PR(8), No. 2, April 1976, pp. 63-71.
Elsevier DOI 0309
BibRef

Hanaki, S.I.[Shin-Ichi], Yamazaki, T.[Takemi],
On-Line Recognition of Handprinted Kanji Characters,
PR(12), No. 6, 1980, pp. 421-429.
Elsevier DOI BibRef 8000

Yhap, E.F., Greanias, E.C.,
An Online Chinese Character Recognition System,
IBMRD(25), 1981, pp. 187-195. BibRef 8100

Chen, K.J., Li, K.K., Chang, Y.L.,
A System for On-Line Recognition of Chinese Characters,
PRAI(2), 1988, pp. 139-148. BibRef 8800

Jou, I.C.,
A Neural Network-Based On-Line Chinese Character Recognition System,
JVCIR(2), 1991, pp. 85-90. BibRef 9100

Wong, P.K.[Pak-Kwong], Chan, C.[Chorkin],
A robust real-timed recognizer of printed chinese characters,
PR(25), No. 10, October 1992, pp. 1211-1215.
Elsevier DOI 0401
Consider frequency of use of characters. BibRef

Tsay, Y.T.[Yih Tay], Tsai, W.H.[Wen Hsiang],
Attributed string matching by split-and-merge for on-line Chinese character recognition,
PAMI(15), No. 2, February 1993, pp. 180-185.
IEEE DOI 0401
BibRef

Lin, C.K.[Chang-Keng], Fan, K.C.[Kuo-Chin], Lee, F.T.P.[Frank Tze-Pa],
Online recognition by deviation-expansion model and A* algorithm-based matching,
IVC(11), No. 5, June 1993, pp. 263-272.
Elsevier DOI 0401
BibRef

Lin, C.K.[Chang-Keng], Fan, K.C.[Kuo-Chin], Lee, F.T.P.[Frank Tze-Pa],
On-line recognition by deviation-expansion model and dynamic programming matching,
PR(26), No. 2, February 1993, pp. 259-268.
Elsevier DOI 0401
large-alphabet handprinted Chinese characters BibRef

Chen, J.W.[Ju-Wei], Lee, S.Y.[Suh-Yin],
Online Handwritten Chinese Character-Recognition Via A Fuzzy Attribute Representation,
IVC(12), No. 10, December 1994, pp. 669-681.
Elsevier DOI Strokes. BibRef 9412

Han, C.C., Tseng, Y.L., Fan, K.C., Wang, A.B.,
Coarse Classification of Chinese Characters Via Stroke Clustering Method,
PRL(16), No. 10, October 1995, pp. 1079-1089. BibRef 9510

Fan, K.C.[Kuo-Chin], Wu, W.H.[Wei-Hsien], Chung, M.P.[Meng-Pang],
A symmetry-based coarse classification method for chinese characters,
SMC-C(32), No. 4, November 2002, pp. 522-528.
IEEE Top Reference. 0301
BibRef

Lin, T.Z.[Tsai-Zong], Fan, K.C.[Kuo-Chin],
Coarse Classification of Online Chinese Characters Via Structure Feature-Based Method,
PR(27), No. 10, October 1994, pp. 1365-1377.
Elsevier DOI first into 6 structure types. BibRef 9410

Hsieh, A.J.[Ai-Jia], Fan, K.C.[Kuo-Chin], Fan, T.I.[Tzu-I],
Bipartite Weighted Matching for Online Handwritten Chinese Character-Recognition,
PR(28), No. 2, February 1995, pp. 143-151.
Elsevier DOI line segment features. BibRef 9502

Fan, K.C.[Kuo-Chin], Lin, C.K.[Chang-Keng], Chou, K.S.[Kuo-Sen],
Confusion Set Recognition of Online Chinese Characters by Artificial-Intelligence Technique,
PR(28), No. 3, March 1995, pp. 303-313.
Elsevier DOI BibRef 9503

Toraichi, K., Kumamoto, T., Yamamoto, K., Yamada, H.,
Feature Analysis of Handprinted Chinese Characters,
PRL(17), No. 7, June 10 1996, pp. 795-800. 9607
BibRef

Hsieh, A.J.[Ai-Jia], Fan, K.C.[Kuo-Chin], Fan, T.I.[Tzu-I],
Handwritten Chinese Characters Recognition by Greedy Matching with Geometric Constraint,
IVC(14), No. 2, March 1996, pp. 91-104.
Elsevier DOI 9607
arc matching. BibRef

Liu, J., Cham, W.K., Chang, M.M.Y.,
Online Chinese Character-Recognition Using Attributed Relational Graph Matching,
VISP(143), No. 2, April 1996, pp. 125-131. 9609
BibRef

Liu, J., Cham, W.K., Chang, M.M.Y.,
Stroke Order and Stroke Number Free On-Line Chinese Character Recognition Using Attributed Relational Graph Matching,
ICPR96(III: 259-263).
IEEE DOI 9608
(Chinese Univ. of Hong Kong, HK) BibRef

Lee, C.H., Jeng, B.S., Yau, H.F., Ting, P.Y., Lay, S.R., Tseng, C.C.,
Intelligent Radical-Based Online Chinese Character-Recognition System,
OptEng(35), No. 10, October 1996, pp. 2873-2883. 9611
BibRef

Lay, S.R.[Shyh-Rong], Lee, C.H.[Chao-Hao], Cheng, N.J.[Nai-Jen], Tseng, C.C.[Chien-Cheng], Jeng, B.S.[Bor-Shenn], Ting, P.Y.[Pei-Yih], Wu, Q.Z.[Quen-Zong], Day, M.L.[Miin-Luen],
Online Chinese Character-Recognition with Effective Candidate Radical and Candidate Character Selections,
PR(29), No. 10, October 1996, pp. 1647-1659.
Elsevier DOI Handwritten Characters. Meaning of radicals. BibRef 9610

Lin, W.C., Dubes, R.C.,
On-Line Recognition of Handwritten Characters: Alphanumerics, Hiragana, Katakana, Kanji,
PR(16), No. 1, 1983, pp. 1-8. 9611
BibRef

Kim, H.J., Jung, J.W., Kim, S.Y.,
Online Chinese Character-Recognition Using Art-Based Stroke Classification,
PRL(17), No. 12, October 25 1996, pp. 1311-1322. 9612
BibRef

Lin, J.R.[Ji-Rong], Chen, C.F.[Chang-Fuu],
Stroke Extraction for Chinese Characters Using a Trend-Followed Transcribing Technique,
PR(29), No. 11, November 1996, pp. 1789-1805.
Elsevier DOI 9612
merging adjacent strokes after thinning. BibRef

Yeung, D.S.[Daniel S.], Fong, H.S.,
A Fuzzy Substroke Extractor for Handwritten Chinese Characters,
PR(29), No. 12, December 1996, pp. 1963-1980.
Elsevier DOI 9701
Feature Extraction. BibRef

Hao, H.W.[Hong-Wei], Xiao, X.H.[Xu-Hong], Dai, R.W.[Ru-Wei],
Handwritten Chinese Character-Recognition by Metasynthetic Approach,
PR(30), No. 8, August 1997, pp. 1321-1328.
Elsevier DOI 9708
integration with linear model and supervised learning. BibRef

Xiao, X., Dai, R.,
A Metasynthetic Approach for Combining Multiple Classifiers and Its Application to Chinese Character Recognition,
ICPR96(B74.3). 9608
(Chines Academy of Sciences, PRC) BibRef

Kim, H.J.[Hang Joon], Kim, K.H.[Kyung Hyun], Kim, S.K.[Sang Kyoon], Lee, J.K.[Jong Kook],
Online Recognition of Handwritten Chinese Characters Based on Hidden Markov-Models,
PR(30), No. 9, September 1997, pp. 1489-1500.
Elsevier DOI 9708
Stroke analysis. BibRef

Lin, C.F.[Chi-Fang], Chen, C.W.[Chi-Wen],
A New Approach to the Verification of Chinese Signatures with Variant Orientations and Scales Using Relaxation and State Space Search Methods,
PR(31), No. 6, June 1998, pp. 665-674.
Elsevier DOI 9806
BibRef

Wakahara, T., Odaka, K.,
Online Cursive Kanji Character Recognition Using Stroke Based Affine Transformation,
PAMI(19), No. 12, December 1997, pp. 1381-1385.
IEEE DOI 9712
BibRef
Earlier: Add: A2 and A3: Nakajima, N., Miyahara, S.,
On-Line Cursive Kanji Character Recognition Using Stroke Based Affine Transformation,
ICPR96(III: 204-209).
IEEE DOI 9608
(NTT, J)
See also Affine-Invariant Recognition of Gray-Scale Characters Using Global Affine Transformation Correlation. BibRef

Wakahara, T.,
On-Line Cursive Script Recognition Using Local Affine Transform,
ICPR88(II: 1133-1137).
IEEE DOI 8811
BibRef

Wakahara, T., Umeda, M.,
On-Line Cursive Script Recognition Using Stroke Linkage Rules,
ICPR84(1065-1068). BibRef 8400

Wakahara, T.[Toru], Kimura, Y.[Yoshimasa], and Tomono, A.[Akira],
Affine-Invariant Recognition of Gray-Scale Characters Using Global Affine Transformation Correlation,
PAMI(23), No. 4, April 2001, pp. 384-395.
IEEE DOI 0001
Processing gray scale characters. Use normalized cross correlation and global affine transform.
See also Online Cursive Kanji Character Recognition Using Stroke Based Affine Transformation. BibRef

Wakahara, T., Kimura, Y., Sano, M.,
Handwritten Japanese character recognition using adaptive normalization by global affine transformation,
ICDAR01(424-428).
IEEE DOI 0109
BibRef

Wakahara, T., Kimura, Y.,
Affine-invariant Gray-scale Character Recognition Using GAT Correlation,
ICPR00(Vol IV: 417-421).
IEEE DOI 0009
Global affine transform. BibRef

Wakahara, T., Odaka, K.,
Adaptive Normalization of Handwritten Characters Using Global/Local Affine Transformation,
PAMI(20), No. 12, December 1998, pp. 1332-1341.
IEEE DOI BibRef 9812
Earlier: ICDAR97(28-33).
IEEE DOI 9708
BibRef

Wakahara, T.,
Adaptive normalization of handwritten characters using GAT correlation and mixture models,
ICPR04(I: 393-396).
IEEE DOI 0409
BibRef

Plamondon, R., Guerfali, W., Li, X.L.,
The Generation of Oriental Characters: New Perspectives for Automatic Handwriting Processing,
PRAI(12), No. 1, February 1998, pp. 31-44. 9806
BibRef

Hong, C., Loudon, G., Wu, Y.M., Zitserman, R.,
Segmentation and Recognition of Continuous Handwriting Chinese Text,
PRAI(12), No. 2, March 1998, pp. 223-232. 9806
BibRef

Xiao, X.H., Dai, R.W.,
Online Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition Directed by Components with Dynamic Templates,
PRAI(12), No. 1, February 1998, pp. 143-157. 9806
BibRef

Lopresti, D.P., Ma, M.Y., Wang, P.S.P., Crisman, J.D.,
Ink Matching of Cursive Chinese Handwritten Annotations,
PRAI(12), No. 1, February 1998, pp. 119-141. 9806
BibRef

Lee, H.M., Sheu, C.C., Chen, J.M.,
Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition Based on Primitive and Fuzzy Features via the SEART Neural Net Model,
AppIntel(8), No. 3, May/June 1998, pp. 269-285. 9806
BibRef

Lee, H.M., Lin, C.C., Chen, J.M.,
Preclassification Method for Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition via Fuzzy Rules and SEART Neural Net,
PRAI(12), No. 6, September 1998, pp. 743. BibRef 9809

Tseng, C.C.[Chien-Cheng], Juan, C.J.[Chang-Jung], Chang, H.C.[Hsi-Cheng], Lin, J.F.[Jeen-Fong],
An Optimal Line Segment Extraction Algorithm for Online Chinese Character Recognition Using Dynamic Programming,
PRL(19), No. 10, 31 August 1998, pp. 953-961. BibRef 9808

Nakatani, Y., Sasaki, D., Iiguni, Y., Maeda, H.,
Online Recognition of Handwritten Hiragana Characters Based Upon a Complex Autoregressive Model,
PAMI(21), No. 1, January 1999, pp. 73-76.
IEEE DOI BibRef 9901

Kuroda, K.[Kazuhiro], Harada, K.[Ken], Hagiwara, M.[Masafumi],
Large scale on-line handwritten Chinese character recognition using successor method based on stochastic regular grammar,
PR(32), No. 8, August 1999, pp. 1307-1315.
Elsevier DOI BibRef 9908

Zou, J.J.[Ju Jia], Yan, H.[Hong],
Extracting strokes from static line images based on selective searching,
PR(32), No. 6, June 1999, pp. 935-946.
Elsevier DOI BibRef 9906
Earlier:
Extracting Stroke Information in Static Line Images,
ICPR98(Vol II: 1142-1144).
IEEE DOI 9808
BibRef

Liu, J.Z., Ma, K., Cham, W.K., Chang, M.M.Y.,
Two-layer assignment method for online Chinese character recognition,
VISP(147), No. 1, February 2000, pp. 47. 0005
BibRef

Nakagawa, M.[Masaki], Matsumoto, K.[Kaoru],
Collection of on-line handwritten Japanese character pattern databases and their analyses,
IJDAR(7), No. 1, March 2004, pp. 69-81.
Springer DOI 0410
BibRef

Kitadai, A.[Akihito], Nakagawa, M.[Masaki],
Prototype learning for structured pattern representation applied to on-line recognition of handwritten Japanese characters,
IJDAR(10), No. 2, November 2007, pp. 101-112.
Springer DOI 0711
BibRef
Earlier:
A learning algorithm for structured character pattern representation used in on-line recognition of handwritten Japanese characters,
FHR02(163-168).
IEEE Top Reference. 0209
BibRef

Onuma, M.[Motoki], Kitadai, A.[Akihito], Zhu, B.L.[Bi-Lan], Nakagawa, M.[Masaki],
An On-line Handwritten Japanese Text Recognition System Free from Line Direction and Character Orientation Constraints,
IEICE(E88-D), No. 8, August 2005, pp. 1823-1830.
DOI Link 0508
BibRef

Nakagawa, M.[Masaki], Zhu, B.L.[Bi-Lan], Onuma, M.[Motoki],
A Model of On-line Handwritten Japanese Text Recognition Free from Line Direction and Writing Format Constraints,
IEICE(E88-D), No. 8, August 2005, pp. 1815-1822.
DOI Link 0508
BibRef
Earlier:
A Formalization of On-Line Handwritten Japanese Text Recognition Free from Line Direction Constraint,
ICPR04(II: 359-362).
IEEE DOI 0409
BibRef
Earlier: A1, A3, Only:
On-Line Handwritten Japanese Text Recognition Free from Constrains on Line Direction and Character Orientation,
ICDAR03(519-523).
IEEE DOI 0311
BibRef

Hao, Y.C.[Yue-Chan], Zhu, B.L.[Bi-Lan], Nakagawa, M.[Masaki],
A Line-Direction-Free and Character-Orientation-Free On-Line Handwritten Japanese Text Recognition System,
IEICE(E99-D), No. 1, January 2016, pp. 197-207.
WWW Link. 1601
Paper on system development BibRef

Liang, J.J.[Jian-Juan], Zhu, B.L.[Bi-Lan], Kumagai, T.[Taro], Nakagawa, M.[Masaki],
Character-Position-Free On-Line Handwritten Japanese Text Recognition by Two Segmentation Methods,
IEICE(E99-D), No. 4, April 2016, pp. 1172-1181.
WWW Link. 1604
BibRef

Nguyen, C.T.[Cuong-Tuan], Zhu, B.L.[Bi-Lan], Nakagawa, M.[Masaki],
Semi-Incremental Recognition of On-Line Handwritten Japanese Text,
IEICE(E99-D), No. 10, October 2016, pp. 2619-2628.
WWW Link. 1610
BibRef
Earlier:
A Semi-Incremental Recognition Method for On-Line Handwritten Japanese Text,
ICDAR13(84-88)
IEEE DOI 1312
handwritten character recognition BibRef

Nguyen, K.C.[Kha Cong], Nguyen, C.T.[Cuong Tuan], Nakagawa, M.[Masaki],
A Segmentation Method of Single- and Multiple-Touching Characters in Offline Handwritten Japanese Text Recognition,
IEICE(E100-D), No. 12, December 2017, pp. 2962-2972.
WWW Link. 1712
BibRef

Gao, J.F.[Jin-Feng], Zhu, B.L.[Bi-Lan], Nakagawa, M.[Masaki],
Building compact recognizer with recognition rate maintained for on-line handwritten Japanese text recognition,
PRL(35), No. 1, 2014, pp. 169-177.
Elsevier DOI 1312
On-line recognition BibRef

Zhu, B.L.[Bi-Lan], Zhou, X.D.[Xiang-Dong], Liu, C.L.[Cheng-Lin], Nakagawa, M.[Masaki],
A Robust Model for On-Line Handwritten Japanese Text Recognition,
IJDAR(13), No. 2, June 2010, pp. xx-yy.
Springer DOI 1007
BibRef
Earlier:
Effect of Improved Path Evaluation for On-line Handwritten Japanese Text Recognition,
ICDAR09(516-520).
IEEE DOI 0907
BibRef

Gao, J.F.[Jin-Feng], Zhu, B.L.[Bi-Lan], Nakagawa, M.[Masaki],
Development of a Robust and Compact On-Line Handwritten Japanese Text Recognizer for Hand-Held Devices,
IEICE(E96-D), No. 4, April 2013, pp. 927-938.
WWW Link. 1304
BibRef

Cheng, C.[Cheng], Zhu, B.L.[Bi-Lan], Nakagawa, M.[Masaki],
A Discriminative Model for On-line Handwritten Japanese Text Retrieval,
ICDAR11(1285-1288).
IEEE DOI 1111
BibRef

Chen, B.[Bin], Zhu, B.L.[Bi-Lan], Nakagawa, M.[Masaki],
Training of an on-line handwritten Japanese character recognizer by artificial patterns,
PRL(35), No. 1, 2014, pp. 178-185.
Elsevier DOI 1312
On-line handwriting recognition BibRef

Zhu, B.L.[Bi-Lan], Nakagawa, M.[Masaki],
Building a compact online MRF recognizer for large character set by structured dictionary representation and vector quantization technique,
PR(47), No. 3, 2014, pp. 982-993.
Elsevier DOI 1312
BibRef
Earlier:
Building a Compact On-Line MRF Recognizer for Large Character Set Using Structured Dictionary Representation and Vector Quantization Technique,
FHR12(155-160).
IEEE DOI 1302
BibRef
Earlier:
On-line Handwritten Japanese Characters Recognition Using a MRF Model with Parameter Optimization by CRF,
ICDAR11(603-607).
IEEE DOI 1111
BibRef
And:
Trie-Lexicon-Driven Recognition for On-line Handwritten Japanese Disease Names Using a Time-Synchronous Method,
ICDAR11(1130-1134).
IEEE DOI 1111
Online recognition BibRef

Zhu, B.L.[Bi-Lan], Nakagawa, M.[Masaki],
A robust method for coarse classifier construction from a large number of basic recognizers for on-line handwritten Chinese/Japanese character recognition,
PR(47), No. 2, 2014, pp. 685-693.
Elsevier DOI 1311
BibRef
Earlier:
A Coarse Classifier Construction Method from a Large Number of Basic Recognizers for On-line Recognition of Handwritten Japanese Characters,
ICDAR11(1090-1094).
IEEE DOI 1111
On-line character recognition BibRef

Zhu, B.L.[Bi-Lan], Nakagawa, M.[Masaki],
Segmentation of On-Line Freely Written Japanese Text Using SVM for Improving Text Recognition,
IEICE(E91-D), No. 1, January 2008, pp. 105-113.
DOI Link 0801
BibRef
Earlier:
Segmentation of on-line handwritten Japanese text of arbitrary line direction by a neural network for improving text recognition,
ICDAR05(I: 157-161).
IEEE DOI 0508
BibRef

Zhu, B.L.[Bi-Lan], Tokuno, J.[Junko], Nakagawa, M.[Masaki],
Segmentation of On-Line Handwritten Japanese Text Using SVM for Improving Text Recognition,
DAS06(208-219).
Springer DOI 0602
BibRef

Matsumoto, K., Fukushima, T., Nakagawa, M.,
Collection and analysis of on-line handwritten Japanese character patterns,
ICDAR01(496-500).
IEEE DOI 0109
BibRef

Fukushima, T., Nakagawa, M.,
On-line Writing-box-free Recognition of Handwritten Japanese Text Considering Character Size Variations,
ICPR00(Vol II: 359-363).
IEEE DOI 0009
BibRef

Nakagawa, M.[Masaki], Tokuno, J.[Junko], Zhu, B.L.[Bi-Lan], Onuma, M.[Motoki], Oda, H.[Hideto], Kitadai, A.[Akihito],
Recent Results of Online Japanese Handwriting Recognition and Its Applications,
SACH06(xx-yy).
Springer DOI 0609
BibRef

Velek, O., Jaeger, S., Nakagawa, M.,
A new warping technique for normalizing likelihood of multiple classifiers and its effectiveness in combined on-line/off-line Japanese character recognition,
FHR02(177-182).
IEEE Top Reference. 0209
BibRef

Tang, X., Lin, F., Liu, J.,
Video-Based Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition,
CirSysVideo(15), No. 1, January 2005, pp. 167-174.
IEEE Abstract. 0501
BibRef

Lin, F.[Feng], Tang, X.[Xiaoou],
Dynamic stroke information analysis for video-based handwritten chinese character recognition,
ICCV03(695-700).
IEEE DOI 0311
BibRef

Tang, X., Chan, C.,
Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition Through a Video Camera,
ICIP00(Vol II: 692-695).
IEEE DOI 0008
BibRef

Ma, Y.[Yang], Leedham, G.[Graham],
On-line recognition of handwritten Renqun shorthand for fast mobile Chinese text entry,
PRL(28), No. 7, May 2007, pp. 873-883.
Elsevier DOI 0703
Renqun shorthand; Vocalized outline; Shortform; Segmentation; Classification BibRef

Wang, Y.Q.[Yong-Qiang], Huo, Q.A.[Qi-Ang],
Modeling inverse covariance matrices by expansion of tied basis matrices for online handwritten Chinese character recognition,
PR(42), No. 12, December 2009, pp. 3296-3302.
Elsevier DOI 0909
BibRef
Earlier:
A study of semi-tied covariance modeling for online handwritten Chinese character recognition,
ICPR08(1-5).
IEEE DOI 0812
Handwriting recognition; Pattern classification; Covariance modeling; MQDF BibRef

Zhang, H.G.[Hong-Gang], Deng, W.H.[Wei-Hong], Guo, J.[Jun], Yang, J.[Jie],
Locality preserving and global discriminant projection with prior information,
MVA(21), No. 4, June 2010, pp. xx-yy.
Springer DOI 1006
BibRef
Earlier: A1, A4, A2, A3:
Handwritten Chinese character recognition using Local Discriminant Projection with Prior Information,
ICPR08(1-4).
IEEE DOI 0812
BibRef

Koo, H.I., Cho, N.I.,
Text-Line Extraction in Handwritten Chinese Documents Based on an Energy Minimization Framework,
IP(21), No. 3, March 2012, pp. 1169-1175.
IEEE DOI 1203
BibRef

Gao, X.[Xue], Guo, J.Z.[Jin-Zhi], Jin, L.W.[Lian-Wen],
Dimensionality Reduction by Locally Linear Discriminant Analysis for Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition,
IEICE(E95-D), No. 10, October 2012, pp. 2533-2543.
WWW Link. 1210
BibRef

He, M.J.[Mei-Jun], Zhang, S.[Shuye], Mao, H.Y.[Hui-Yun], Jin, L.W.[Lian-Wen],
Recognition confidence analysis of handwritten Chinese character with CNN,
ICDAR15(61-65)
IEEE DOI 1511
confidence metric BibRef

Xiao, X.F.[Xue-Feng], Jin, L.W.[Lian-Wen], Yang, Y.F.[Ya-Feng], Yang, W.X.[Wei-Xin], Sun, J.[Jun], Chang, T.H.[Tian-Hai],
Building fast and compact convolutional neural networks for offline handwritten Chinese character recognition,
PR(72), No. 1, 2017, pp. 72-81.
Elsevier DOI 1708
Convolutional, neural, network BibRef

Wang, T.W.[Tian-Wei], Xie, Z.C.[Ze-Cheng], Li, Z.[Zhe], Jin, L.W.[Lian-Wen], Chen, X.L.[Xiang-Le],
Radical aggregation network for few-shot offline handwritten Chinese character recognition,
PRL(125), 2019, pp. 821-827.
Elsevier DOI 1909
Handwritten Chinese character recognition, Chinese radical recognition, Deep learning, Few-shot learning BibRef

Chen, L.[Li], Wang, S.[Song], Fan, W.[Wei], Sun, J.[Jun], Satoshi, N.[Naoi],
Reconstruction combined training for convolutional neural networks on character recognition,
ICDAR15(431-435)
IEEE DOI 1511
BibRef

Wu, C.P.[Chun-Peng], Fan, W.[Wei], He, Y.[Yuan], Sun, J.[Jun], Naoi, S.[Satoshi],
Cascaded heterogeneous convolutional neural networks for handwritten digit recognition,
ICPR12(657-660).
WWW Link. 1302
BibRef

Yang, W.X.[Wei-Xin], Jin, L.W.[Lian-Wen], Tao, D.C.[Da-Cheng], Xie, Z.C.[Ze-Cheng], Feng, Z.Y.[Zi-Yong],
DropSample: A new training method to enhance deep convolutional neural networks for large-scale unconstrained handwritten Chinese character recognition,
PR(58), No. 1, 2016, pp. 190-203.
Elsevier DOI 1606
BibRef
Earlier: A1, A2, A4, A5, Only:
Improved deep convolutional neural network for online handwritten Chinese character recognition using domain-specific knowledge,
ICDAR15(551-555)
IEEE DOI 1511
Convolutional neural network. Handwritten Chinese character recognition
See also Shakeout: A New Approach to Regularized Deep Neural Network Training. BibRef

Xie, Z.C.[Ze-Cheng], Sun, Z.H.[Zeng-Hui], Jin, L.W.[Lian-Wen], Ni, H.[Hao], Lyons, T.[Terry],
Learning Spatial-Semantic Context with Fully Convolutional Recurrent Network for Online Handwritten Chinese Text Recognition,
PAMI(40), No. 8, August 2018, pp. 1903-1917.
IEEE DOI 1807
Context modeling, Feature extraction, Hidden Markov models, Robustness, Semantics, Text recognition, Trajectory, residual recurrent network BibRef

Xie, Z.C.[Ze-Cheng], Sun, Z.H.[Zeng-Hui], Jin, L.W.[Lian-Wen], Feng, Z.Y.[Zi-Yong], Zhang, S.Y.[Shu-Ye],
Fully convolutional recurrent network for handwritten Chinese text recognition,
ICPR16(4011-4016)
IEEE DOI 1705
Feature extraction, Logic gates, Search methods, Speech recognition, Text recognition, Training, Trajectory BibRef

Zhong, Z.Y.[Zhuo-Yao], Jin, L.W.[Lian-Wen], Feng, Z.Y.[Zi-Yong],
Multi-font printed Chinese character recognition using multi-pooling convolutional neural network,
ICDAR15(96-100)
IEEE DOI 1511
Data augmentation BibRef

Zhang, Z.Y.[Zhi-Yi], Jin, L.W.[Lian-Wen], Ding, K.[Kai], Gao, X.[Xue],
Character-SIFT: A Novel Feature for Offline Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition,
ICDAR09(763-767).
IEEE DOI 0907
BibRef

Ding, K.[Kai], Deng, G.Q.[Guo-Qiang], Jin, L.W.[Lian-Wen],
An Investigation of Imaginary Stroke Techinique for Cursive Online Handwriting Chinese Character Recognition,
ICDAR09(531-535).
IEEE DOI 0907
BibRef

Huang, S.M.[Sheng-Ming], Jin, L.W.[Lian-Wen], Lv, J.[Jin],
A Novel Approach for Rotation Free Online Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition,
ICDAR09(1136-1140).
IEEE DOI 0907
BibRef

Ding, K.[Kai], Jin, L.W.[Lian-Wen], Gao, X.[Xue],
A New Method for Rotation Free Method for Online Unconstrained Handwritten Chinese Word Recognition: A Holistic Approach,
ICDAR09(1131-1135).
IEEE DOI 0907
BibRef

Long, T.[Teng], Jin, L.W.[Lian-Wen],
A novel orientation free method for online unconstrained cursive handwritten chinese word recognition,
ICPR08(1-4).
IEEE DOI 0812
BibRef

Kang, G.L.[Guo-Liang], Li, J.[Jun], Tao, D.C.[Da-Cheng],
Shakeout: A New Approach to Regularized Deep Neural Network Training,
PAMI(40), No. 5, May 2018, pp. 1245-1258.
IEEE DOI 1804
Add random decision in training. Unlike Dropout that randomly discards, Shakeout randomly increases or reduces. Adaptation models, Biological neural networks, Computational modeling, Computer architecture, sparsity
See also DropSample: A new training method to enhance deep convolutional neural networks for large-scale unconstrained handwritten Chinese character recognition. BibRef

Zhang, X.Y.[Xu-Yao], Liu, C.L.[Cheng-Lin],
Writer Adaptation with Style Transfer Mapping,
PAMI(35), No. 7, 2013, pp. 1773-1787.
IEEE DOI 1307
handwritten character recognition; handwriting style; online Chinese handwriting; Hidden Markov models BibRef

Huang, L.[Liang], Yin, F.[Fei], Chen, Q.H.[Qing-Hu], Liu, C.L.[Cheng-Lin],
Keyword spotting in unconstrained handwritten Chinese documents using contextual word model,
IVC(31), No. 12, 2013, pp. 958-968.
Elsevier DOI 1312
BibRef
Earlier:
Keyword Spotting in Offline Chinese Handwritten Documents Using a Statistical Model,
ICDAR11(78-82).
IEEE DOI 1111
Keyword spotting BibRef

Zhang, H.[Heng], Wang, D.H.[Da-Han], Liu, C.L.[Cheng-Lin],
Character confidence based on N-best list for keyword spotting in online Chinese handwritten documents,
PR(47), No. 5, 2014, pp. 1880-1890.
Elsevier DOI 1402
BibRef
Earlier:
A confidence-based method for keyword spotting in online Chinese handwritten documents,
ICPR12(525-528).
WWW Link. 1302
Online Chinese handwritten documents BibRef

Zhang, H.[Heng], Liu, C.L.[Cheng-Lin],
A Lattice-Based Method for Keyword Spotting in Online Chinese Handwriting,
ICDAR11(1064-1068).
IEEE DOI 1111
BibRef

Zhang, H.[Heng], Wang, D.H.[Da-Han], Liu, C.L.[Cheng-Lin],
Keyword Spotting from Online Chinese Handwritten Documents Using One-vs-All Trained Character Classifier,
FHR10(271-276).
IEEE DOI 1011
BibRef

Ma, L.L.[Long-Long], Delaye, A.[Adrien], Liu, C.L.[Cheng-Lin],
Special Radical Detection by Statistical Classification for On-line Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition,
FHR10(501-506).
IEEE DOI 1011
BibRef

Du, J.[Jun], Huo, Q.[Qiang],
An irrelevant variability normalization approach to discriminative training of multi-prototype based classifiers and its applications for online handwritten Chinese character recognition,
PR(47), No. 12, 2014, pp. 3959-3966.
Elsevier DOI 1410
BibRef
Earlier:
An Irrelevant Variability Normalization Based Discriminative Training Approach for Online Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition,
ICDAR13(69-73)
IEEE DOI 1312
Irrelevant variability normalization character recognition BibRef

Zhang, J., Zhu, Y., Du, J., Dai, L.,
Trajectory-based Radical Analysis Network for Online Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition,
ICPR18(3681-3686)
IEEE DOI 1812
Character recognition, Decoding, Periodic structures, Trajectory, Feature extraction, Vocabulary, Handwriting recognition BibRef

Du, J.[Jun], Zhai, J.F.[Jian-Fang], Hu, J.S.[Jin-Shui],
Writer adaptation via deeply learned features for online Chinese handwriting recognition,
IJDAR(20), No. 1, March 2017, pp. 69-78.
Springer DOI 1703
BibRef

Zhang, X.Y.[Xu-Yao], Yin, F.[Fei], Zhang, Y.M.[Yan-Ming], Liu, C.L.[Cheng-Lin], Bengio, Y.[Yoshua],
Drawing and Recognizing Chinese Characters with Recurrent Neural Network,
PAMI(40), No. 4, April 2018, pp. 849-862.
IEEE DOI 1804
feature extraction, handwriting recognition, handwritten character recognition, image classification, handwriting BibRef

Wang, Z.R.[Zi-Rui], Du, J.[Jun], Wang, W.C.[Wen-Chao], Zhai, J.F.[Jian-Fang], Hu, J.S.[Jin-Shui],
A comprehensive study of hybrid neural network hidden Markov model for offline handwritten Chinese text recognition,
IJDAR(21), No. 4, December 2018, pp. 241-251.
Springer DOI 1810
BibRef
Earlier: A2, A1, A4, A5, Only:
Deep neural network based hidden Markov model for offline handwritten Chinese text recognition,
ICPR16(3428-3433)
IEEE DOI 1705
Bayes methods, Character recognition, Feature extraction, Hidden Markov models, Neural networks, Text recognition, Training BibRef

Du, J.[Jun], Zhai, J.F.[Jian-Fang], Hu, J.S.[Jin-Shui], Zhu, B.[Bo], Wei, S.[Si], Dai, L.R.[Li-Rong],
Writer adaptive feature extraction based on convolutional neural networks for online handwritten Chinese character recognition,
ICDAR15(841-845)
IEEE DOI 1511
convolutional neural network BibRef

Du, J.[Jun], Hu, J.S.[Jin-Shui], Zhu, B.[Bo], Wei, S.[Si], Dai, L.R.[Li-Rong],
A Study of Designing Compact Classifiers Using Deep Neural Networks for Online Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition,
ICPR14(2950-2955)
IEEE DOI 1412
Character recognition BibRef

Ren, H.Q.[Hai-Qing], Wang, W.Q.[Wei-Qiang], Liu, C.L.[Cheng-Lin],
Recognizing online handwritten Chinese characters using RNNs with new computing architectures,
PR(93), 2019, pp. 179-192.
Elsevier DOI 1906
Online handwritten Chinese character recognition, Recurrent neural network, New computing architectures BibRef

Nguyen, C.T.[Cuong Tuan], Indurkhya, B.[Bipin], Nakagawa, M.[Masaki],
A unified method for augmented incremental recognition of online handwritten Japanese and English text,
IJDAR(23), No. 1, January 2020, pp. 53-72.
Springer DOI 2003
BibRef

Li, Y.X.[Yun-Xin], Yang, Q.[Qian], Chen, Q.C.[Qing-Cai], Hu, B.T.[Bao-Tian], Wang, X.L.[Xiao-Long], Ding, Y.X.[Yu-Xin], Ma, L.[Lin],
Fast and Robust Online Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition With Deep Spatial and Contextual Information Fusion Network,
MultMed(25), 2023, pp. 2140-2152.
IEEE DOI 2306
Character recognition, Handwriting recognition, Context modeling, Transformers, Task analysis, Robustness, Feature extraction, Online handwritten Chinese character recognition (OLHCCR) BibRef

Luo, J.[Jie], He, C.W.[Cheng-Wan], Luo, H.W.[Hong-Wei],
BRsyn-Caps: Chinese Text Classification Using Capsule Network Based on Bert and Dependency Syntax,
IEICE(E108-D), No. 2, February 2024, pp. 212-219.
WWW Link. 2402
BibRef

Chen, Y.H.[Yi-Hong], Zheng, H.[Hao], Li, Y.C.[Yan-Chun], Ouyang, W.L.[Wan-Li], Zhu, J.[Jiang],
Online Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition Based on 1-D Convolution and Two-Streams Transformers,
MultMed(26), 2024, pp. 5769-5781.
IEEE DOI 2404
Character recognition, Transformers, Trajectory, Handwriting recognition, Convolutional neural networks, vision transformer BibRef

Zhu, Y.P.[Yuan-Ping], Li, S.N.[Sheng-Nan], Wang, H.[Hui], Wei, F.L.[Fei-Long],
FINet: Handwriting trajectory reconstruction of Chinese characters based on the font imitate network,
PR(157), 2025, pp. 110949.
Elsevier DOI 2409
Handwriting trajectory reconstruction, Spatial encoder, Temporal decoder, Stroke feature network, Handwritten Chinese character recognition BibRef


Gao, Y.[Yan], Jin, L.W.[Lian-Wen], Yang, W.X.[Wei-Xin],
An Empirical Comparative Study of Online Handwriting Chinese Character Recognition: Simplified vs. Traditional,
ICDAR13(862-866)
IEEE DOI 1312
handwritten character recognition BibRef

Lv, Y.F.[Yan-Fei], Huang, L.L.[Lin-Lin], Wang, D.H.[Da-Han], Liu, C.L.[Cheng-Lin],
Learning-Based Candidate Segmentation Scoring for Real-Time Recognition of Online Overlaid Chinese Handwriting,
ICDAR13(74-78)
IEEE DOI 1312
Internet BibRef

Xia, Y.[Yong], Wang, K.[Kuanquan], Li, M.W.[Ming-Wei],
Chinese Keyword Spotting Using Knowledge-Based Clustering,
ICDAR11(789-793).
IEEE DOI 1111
BibRef

Wan, X.[Xiang], Liu, C.S.[Chang-Song], Zou, Y.M.[Yan-Ming],
On-line Chinese Character Recognition System for Overlapping Samples,
ICDAR11(799-803).
IEEE DOI 1111
BibRef

Tonouchi, Y.[Yojiro],
Path Evaluation and Character Classifier Training on Integrated Segmentation and Recognition of Online Handwritten Japanese Character String,
FHR10(513-517).
IEEE DOI 1011
BibRef

Wang, Y.Q.[Yong-Qiang], Huo, Q.A.[Qi-Ang], Shi, Y.[Yu],
A Study of Discriminative Training for HMM-Based Online Handwritten Chinese/Japanese Character Recognition,
FHR10(518-523).
IEEE DOI 1011
BibRef

Ma, L.[Lei], Huo, Q.A.[Qi-Ang], Shi, Y.[Yu],
A Study of Feature Design for Online Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition Based on Continuous-Density Hidden Markov Models,
ICDAR09(526-530).
IEEE DOI 0907
BibRef

Ma, L.L.[Long-Long], Liu, C.L.[Cheng-Lin],
A new radical-based approach to online handwritten Chinese character recognition,
ICPR08(1-4).
IEEE DOI 0812
BibRef

Delaye, A.[Adrien], Mace, S.[Sebastien], Anquetil, E.[Eric],
Hybrid statistical-structural on-line Chinese character recognition with fuzzy inference system,
ICPR08(1-4).
IEEE DOI 0812
BibRef

Su, T.H.[Tong-Hua], Zhang, T.W.[Tian-Wen], Huang, H.J.[Hu-Jie], Liu, C.L.[Cheng-Lin],
Segmentation-free recognizer based on enhanced four plane feature for realistic Chinese handwriting,
ICPR08(1-4).
IEEE DOI 0812
BibRef

Han, S.[Shi], Chang, M.[Ming], Zou, Y.[Yu], Chen, X.J.[Xin-Jian], Zhang, D.M.[Dong-Mei],
Systematic Multi-Path HMM Topology Design for Online Handwriting Recognition of East Asian Characters,
ICDAR07(604-608).
IEEE DOI 0709
BibRef

Tokuno, J.[Junko], Yang, Y.P.[Yi-Ping], da Silva, G.P.[Gleidson Pegoretti], Kitadai, A.[Akihito], Nakagawa, M.[Masaki],
Pen-Coordinate Information Modeling by SCPR-based HMM for On-line Japanese Handwriting Recognition,
ICPR06(III: 348-351).
IEEE DOI 0609
BibRef

Bai, Z.L.[Zhen-Long], Huo, Q.A.[Qi-Ang],
A Study of Nonlinear Shape Normalization for Online Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition: Dot Density vs. Line Density Equalization,
ICPR06(II: 921-924).
IEEE DOI 0609
BibRef

Katayama, Y.[Yoshinori], Uchida, S.[Seiichi], Sakoe, H.[Hiroaki],
Stochastic Model of Stroke Order Variation,
ICDAR09(803-807).
IEEE DOI 0907
BibRef
Earlier:
A new HMM for on-line character recognition using pen-direction and pen-coordinate features,
ICPR08(1-4).
IEEE DOI 0812
BibRef

Cai, W.J.[Wen-Jie], Uchida, S.[Seiichi], Sakoe, H.[Hiroaki],
An Efficient Radical-Based Algorithm for Stroke-Order-Free Online Kanji Character Recognition,
ICPR06(II: 986-989).
IEEE DOI 0609
BibRef

Nakamura, Y., Kidode, M.,
Individuality analysis of online Kanji handwriting,
ICDAR05(II: 620-624).
IEEE DOI 0508
BibRef

Gao, X.[Xue], Lallican, P.M., Viard-Gaudin, C.,
A two-stage online handwritten Chinese character segmentation algorithm based on dynamic programming,
ICDAR05(II: 735-739).
IEEE DOI 0508
BibRef

Zhu, X.Y.[Xiao-Yuan], Ge, Y.[Yong], Guo, F.J.[Feng-Jun], Zhen, L.X.[Li-Xin],
A Probabilistic Framework for Soft Target Learning in Online Cursive Handwriting Recognition,
ICDAR09(1246-1250).
IEEE DOI 0907
BibRef

Guo, F.J.[Feng-Jun], Zhen, L.X.[Li-Xin], Ge, Y.[Yong], Zhang, Y.[Yun],
An Efficient Candidate Set Size Reduction Method for Coarse-Classification in Chinese Handwriting Recognition,
SACH06(xx-yy).
Springer DOI 0609
BibRef

Ge, Y.[Yong], Guo, F.J.[Feng-Jun], Zhen, L.X.[Li-Xin], Chen, Q.S.[Qing-Shan],
Online Chinese character recognition system with handwritten Pinyin input,
ICDAR05(II: 1265-1269).
IEEE DOI 0508
BibRef

Lai, Y.B.[Yuan-Bi], Lan, L.S.[Leu-Shing], Tsai, M.Y.[Ming-Yen], Chin, C.C.[Chien-Chung],
On-line handwritten chinese character recognition using a radical-based affine transformation,
ICIP04(V: 2881-2884).
IEEE DOI 0505
BibRef

Ding, Y.[Yimei], Okada, M., Kimura, F., Miyake, Y.,
Application of slant correction to handwritten Japanese address recognition,
ICDAR01(670-674).
IEEE DOI 0109
BibRef

Ezaki, N., Hikichi, T., Kiyota, K., Yamamoto, S.,
A Pen-based Japanese Character Input System for the Blind Person,
ICPR00(Vol IV: 372-375).
IEEE DOI 0009
BibRef

Stockton, R., Sukthankar, R.,
JKanji: Wavelet-based Interactive Kanji Completion,
ICPR00(Vol IV: 442-446).
IEEE DOI 0009
BibRef

Kiyota, K.[Kimiyasy], Yanai, T.[Takashi], Ezaki, N.[Nobuo], Yamamoto, S.J.[Shin-Ji],
An Improvement of On-Line Japanese Character Recognition System for Visually Disabled Persons,
ICPR98(Vol II: 1752-1754).
IEEE DOI 9808
BibRef

Kiyota, K., Yamamoto, S., Ezaki, N., Sakurai, T.,
On-Line Japanese Character Recognition System for Visually Disabled Persons,
ICPR96(III: 210-214).
IEEE DOI 9608
(Kumamoto National College of Technology, J) BibRef

Nambu, H.[Hajime], Maruyama, F.[Fuyuki], Kawamata, T.[Takenori], Yoda, F.[Fumio],
On-Line Handwriting Chinese Character Recognition: Comparison and Improvement to Japanese Kanji Recognition,
ICPR98(Vol II: 1145-1149).
IEEE DOI 9808
BibRef

Yamasaki, K.[Kazutaka],
Automatic Allograph Categorization Based on Stroke Clustering for On-Line Handwritten Japanese Character Recognition,
ICPR98(Vol II: 1150-1152).
IEEE DOI 9808
BibRef

Tonouchi, Y., Kawamura, A.,
An On-Line Japanese Character Recognition Method Using Length-Based Stroke Correspondence Algorithm,
ICDAR97(633-636).
IEEE DOI 9708
BibRef

Kawamura, A., Yura, K., Hayama, T., Hidai, Y., Minamikawa, T., Tanaka, A., Masuda, S.,
Online recognition of freely handwritten Japanese characters using directional feature densities,
ICPR92(II:183-186).
IEEE DOI 9208
BibRef

Zheng, J., Ding, X., Wu, Y.,
Recognizing On-Line Handwritten Chinese Character via FARG Matching,
ICDAR97(621-624).
IEEE DOI 9708
BibRef

Nakagawa, M., Akiyama, K., Tu, L.V.[Le Van], Homma, A., Higashiyama, T.,
Robust and Highly Customizable Recognition of On-Line Handwritten Japanese Characters,
ICPR96(III: 269-273).
IEEE DOI 9608
(Tokyo Univ. of Agriculture and Technology, J) BibRef

Jin, L., Xu, B., Chan, K.,
Directional Cellular Feature Extraction with Elastic Meshing for Handwritten Chinese Character Recognition,
ICPR96(C73.12). 9608
(South China Univ. of Technology, PRC) BibRef

Shioyama, T.[Tadayoshi], Wu, H.Y.[Hai Yuan], Nojima, T.[Tatsuya],
Recognition Algorithm Based on Wavelet Transform for Handprinted Chinese Characters,
ICPR98(Vol I: 229-232).
IEEE DOI 9808
BibRef

Shioyama, T., Hamanaka, J.,
Recognition Algorithm for Handprinted Chinese Characters by 2D-FFT,
ICPR96(III: 225-229).
IEEE DOI 9608
(Kyoto Institute of Technology, J) BibRef

Chen, X.P.[Xiao-Ping], Qiao, Y.Z.[Yi-Zheng],
On-line recognition of Renqun's handwritten shorthand,
ICDAR97(941-944).
IEEE DOI 9708
BibRef

Chen, J.W., Lee, S.Y.,
On-Line Handwriting Recognition of Chinese Characters via a Rule-Based Approach,
ICPR96(III: 220-224).
IEEE DOI 9608
(National Chiao Tung Univ., ROC) BibRef

Chiang, C.C., Yu, S.,
A Method for Improving the Machine Recognition of Confusing Chinese Characters,
ICPR96(III: 79-83).
IEEE DOI 9608
(Industr. Techn. Res. Inst., ROC) BibRef

Chou, K., Fan, K., Fan, T.,
Radical-Based Neighboring Segment Matching Method for On-Line Chinese Character Recognition,
ICPR96(III: 84-88).
IEEE DOI 9608
(Telecom. Labs, ROC) BibRef

Chen, Z., Lee, C., Cheng, R.,
Handwritten Chinese Character Analysis and Preclassification Using Stroke Structural Sequence,
ICPR96(III: 89-93).
IEEE DOI 9608
(Nat. Chiao Tung Univ., ROC) BibRef

Lu, S.W., Ren, Y., Suen, C.Y.,
Recognition of handwritten Chinese characters by searching the multiway heterogeneous tree,
ICPR92(II:430-433).
IEEE DOI 9208
BibRef

Liu, Y.J., Tai, J.W.,
A Structural Approach to Online Chinese Character Recognition,
ICPR88(II: 808-810).
IEEE DOI BibRef 8800

Murase, H.,
Online Recognition of Free-Format Japanese Handwritings,
ICPR88(II: 1143-1147).
IEEE DOI BibRef 8800

Nakagawa, M., Aizawa, T., Komoda, C., Ikeda, Y., Takahashi, N.,
Syntactic Pattern Recognition with Stochastic Dissimilarity in Japanese On-Line Input System (JOLIS)-1/1.5,
ICPR86(1059-1062). BibRef 8600

Yamasaki, T., Inokuchi, S., Sakurai, Y.,
Training System for Well-Writing Based on On-Line Character Recognition,
ICPR84(1039-1041). BibRef 8400

Ye, P.J., Hugli, H., Pellandini, F.,
Techniques for On-Line Chinese Character Recognition with Reduced Writing Constraints,
ICPR84(1043-1045). BibRef 8400

Chapter on OCR, Document Analysis and Character Recognition Systems continues in
Chinese Character Seals .


Last update:Nov 26, 2024 at 16:40:19