24.4.13.1 Tree Crowns, Crown Shape, Crown Delineation

Chapter Contents (Back)
Tree Crowns. Crowns.
See also Trees, Forest Canopy Analysis.

Pouliot, D.A., King, D.J., Bell, F.W., Pitt, D.G.,
Automated tree crown detection and delineation in high-resolution digital camera imagery of coniferous forest regeneration,
RSE(82), No. 2-3, October 2002, pp. 322-334.
HTML Version. 0210
BibRef

Lévesque, J.[Josée], King, D.J.[Douglas J.],
Spatial analysis of radiometric fractions from high-resolution multispectral imagery for modelling individual tree crown and forest canopy structure and health,
RSE(84), No. 4, 10 April 2003, pp. 589-602.
Elsevier DOI 0309
BibRef

Brandtberg, T.[Tomas], Warner, T.A.[Timothy A.], Landenberger, R.E.[Rick E.], McGraw, J.B.[James B.],
Detection and analysis of individual leaf-off tree crowns in small footprint, high sampling density lidar data from the eastern deciduous forest in North America,
RSE(85), No. 3, 30 May 2003, pp. 290-303.
Elsevier DOI 0309
BibRef

Wang, L.[Le], Gong, P.[Peng], Biging, G.S.[Gregory S.],
Individual Tree-Crown Delineation and Treetop Detection in High-Spatial-Resolution Aerial Imagery,
PhEngRS(70), No. 3, March 2004, pp. 351-358. A promising agreement between automatic methods and manual delineation results was achieved in counting the number of trees as well as in delineating tree crowns.
WWW Link. 0403
BibRef

Erikson, M.[Mats], Olofsson, K.[Kenneth],
Comparison of three individual tree crown detection methods,
MVA(16), No. 4, September 2005, pp. 258-265.
Springer DOI 0512
BibRef

Erikson, M.[Mats],
Structure-Preserving Segmentation of Individual Tree Crowns by Brownian Motion,
SCIA03(283-289).
Springer DOI 0310
BibRef
Earlier:
Structure-keeping Colour Segmentation of Tree Crowns in Aerial Images,
SCIA01(O-Tu1). 0206
BibRef

Koch, B.[Barbara], Heyder, U.[Ursula], Weinacker, H.[Holger],
Detection of Individual Tree Crowns in Airborne Lidar Data,
PhEngRS(72), No. 4, April 2006, pp. 357-364.
WWW Link. 0610
An approach to delineate tree crowns in mixed and deciduous temperate forests. BibRef

Gupta, S., Weinacker, H.[Holger], Koch, B.[Barbara],
Comparative Analysis of Clustering-Based Approaches for 3-D Single Tree Detection Using Airborne Fullwave Lidar Data,
RS(2), No. 4, April 2010, pp. 968-989.
DOI Link 1203
BibRef

Wang, Y., Weinacker, H.[Holger], Koch, B.[Barbara],
Development of a Procedure for Vertical Structure Analysis and 3D Single Tree Extraction within Forests Based on Lidar Point Cloud,
Laser07(419).
PDF File. 0709
BibRef

Koch, B.[Barbara],
Status and future of laser scanning, synthetic aperture radar and hyperspectral remote sensing data for forest biomass assessment,
PandRS(65), No. 6, November 2010, pp. 581-590.
Elsevier DOI 1101
Forest biomass mapping; Fullwave laser; Polarimetric SAR interferometry; Hyperspectral data; Multi-sensoral data BibRef

Gougeon, F.A.[François A.], Leckie, D.G.[Donald G.],
The Individual Tree Crown Approach Applied to Ikonos Images of a Coniferous Plantation Area,
PhEngRS(72), No. 11, November 2006, pp. 1287-1297.
WWW Link. 0704
An assessment of the effects of 1m and 4m resolution on the detection, delineation, and classification of individual tree crowns. BibRef

Solberg, S.[Svein], Naesset, E.[Erik], Bollandsas, O.M.[Ole Martin],
Single Tree Segmentation Using Airborne Laser Scanner Data in a Structurally Heterogeneous Spruce Forest,
PhEngRS(72), No. 12, December 2006, pp. 1369-1378.
WWW Link. 0704
A new method for single tree segmentation and algorithms for estimating crown base height are presented and tested. BibRef

Ørka, H.O., Naesset, E.[Erik], Bollandsås, O.M.[Ole Martin],
Utilizing Airborne Laser Intensity for Tree Species Classification,
Laser07(300).
PDF File. 0709
BibRef

Horváth, P.[Péter], Jermyn, I.H.[Ian H.], Kato, Z.[Zoltan], Zerubia, J.B.[Josiane B.],
A Higher-Order Active Contour Model of a 'Gas of Circles' and its Application to Tree Crown Extraction,
PR(42), No. 5, May 2009, pp. 699-709.
Elsevier DOI 0902
BibRef
Earlier:
An Improved 'Gas of Circles' Higher-Order Active Contour Model and Its Application to Tree Crown Extraction,
ICCVGIP06(152-161).
Springer DOI 0612
BibRef
Earlier: A1, A2, A4, A3:
A Higher-Order Active Contour Model for Tree Detection,
ICPR06(II: 130-133).
IEEE DOI 0609

See also Higher Order Active Contours. Tree; Crown; Extraction; Aerial image; Higher-order; Active contour; Gas of circles; Prior; Shape BibRef

Horváth, P.[Péter],
A Multispectral Data Model for Higher-Order Active Contours and Its Application to Tree Crown Extraction,
ACIVS07(200-211).
Springer DOI 0708
BibRef

Horváth, P.[Peter], Jermyn, I.H.[Ian H.],
A New Phase Field Model of a 'Gas of Circles' for Tree Crown Extraction from Aerial Images,
CAIP07(702-709).
Springer DOI 0708
BibRef

Perrin, G.[Guillaume], Descombes, X.[Xavier], Zerubia, J.B.[Josiane B.],
2D and 3D Vegetation Resource Parameters Assessment using Marked Point Processes,
ICPR06(I: 1-4).
IEEE DOI 0609
BibRef
And:
A Non-Bayesian Model for Tree Crown Extraction using Marked Point Processes,
INRIARR-5846, 2006.
HTML Version. BibRef
Earlier:
A Marked Point Process Model for Tree Crown Extraction in Plantations,
ICIP05(I: 661-664).
IEEE DOI 0512
BibRef
Earlier:
Point processes in forestry: an application to tree crown detection,
INRIARR-5544, 2005.
HTML Version. BibRef

Descombes, X.[Xavier], Minlos, R.[Robert], Zhizhina, E.[Elena],
Object Extraction Using a Stochastic Birth-and-Death Dynamics in Continuum,
JMIV(33), No. 3, March 2009, pp. xx-yy.
Springer DOI 0903
Tree crown extraction. BibRef

Arslan, F.[Fatih], Descombes, X.[Xavier], Zerubia, J.B.[Josiane B.],
Object extraction from high resolution SAR images using a birth and death dynamics,
ICIP09(561-564).
IEEE DOI 0911
BibRef

Daliakopoulos, I.N.[Ioannis N.], Grillakis, E.G.[Emmanouil G.], Koutroulis, A.G.[Aristeidis G.], Tsanis, I.K.[Ioannis K.],
Tree Crown Detection on Multispectral VHR Satellite Imagery,
PhEngRS(75), No. 10, October 2009, pp. 1201-1212.
WWW Link. 0910
A new method called Arbor Crown Enumerator was developed for tree crown detection from multispectral Very High Resolution satellite imagery. BibRef

Jung, S., Kwak, D., Park, T., Lee, W., Yoo, S.,
Estimating Crown Variables of Individual Trees Using Airborne and Terrestrial Laser Scanners,
RS(3), No. 11, November 2011, pp. 2346-2363.
DOI Link 1203
BibRef

Katoh, M., Gougeon, F.,
Improving the Precision of Tree Counting by Combining Tree Detection with Crown Delineation and Classification on Homogeneity Guided Smoothed High Resolution (50 cm) Multispectral Airborne Digital Data,
RS(4), No. 5, May 2012, pp. 1411-1424.
DOI Link 1205
BibRef

Hung, C.[Calvin], Bryson, M.[Mitch], Sukkarieh, S.[Salah],
Multi-class predictive template for tree crown detection,
PandRS(68), No. 1, March 2012, pp. 170-183.
Elsevier DOI 1204
Agriculture; Forestry; Vision; Mapping; Engineering; Robotics BibRef

Jing, L.H.[Lin-Hai], Hu, B.X.[Bao-Xin], Noland, T.[Thomas], Li, J.[Jili],
An individual tree crown delineation method based on multi-scale segmentation of imagery,
PandRS(70), No. 1, June 2012, pp. 88-98.
Elsevier DOI 1206
Remote sensing; Forestry; Extraction; Imagery; Segmentation; Multiresolution BibRef

Lin, Y., Hyyppa, J.,
Multiecho-Recording Mobile Laser Scanning for Enhancing Individual Tree Crown Reconstruction,
GeoRS(50), No. 11, November 2012, pp. 4323-4332.
IEEE DOI 1210
BibRef

Zhen, Z.[Zhen], Quackenbush, L.J.[Lindi J.], Zhang, L.J.[Lian-Jun],
Impact of Tree-Oriented Growth Order in Marker-Controlled Region Growing for Individual Tree Crown Delineation Using Airborne Laser Scanner (ALS) Data,
RS(6), No. 1, 2014, pp. 555-579.
DOI Link 1402
BibRef

Zhao, Y.H.[Ying-Hui], Hao, Y.S.[Yuan-Shuo], Zhen, Z.[Zhen], Quan, Y.[Ying],
A Region-Based Hierarchical Cross-Section Analysis for Individual Tree Crown Delineation Using ALS Data,
RS(9), No. 10, 2017, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 1711
BibRef

Srinivasan, S.[Shruthi], Popescu, S.C.[Sorin C.], Eriksson, M.[Marian], Sheridan, R.D.[Ryan D.], Ku, N.W.[Nian-Wei],
Terrestrial Laser Scanning as an Effective Tool to Retrieve Tree Level Height, Crown Width, and Stem Diameter,
RS(7), No. 2, 2015, pp. 1877-1896.
DOI Link 1503
BibRef

Strîmbu, V.F.[Victor F.], Strîmbu, B.M.[Bogdan M.],
A graph-based segmentation algorithm for tree crown extraction using airborne LiDAR data,
PandRS(104), No. 1, 2015, pp. 30-43.
Elsevier DOI 1505
Individual tree crown (ITC) BibRef

Mongus, D.[Domen], Žalik, B.[Borut],
An efficient approach to 3D single tree-crown delineation in LiDAR data,
PandRS(108), No. 1, 2015, pp. 219-233.
Elsevier DOI 1511
LiDAR BibRef

Horvat, D.[Denis], Žalik, B.[Borut], Mongus, D.[Domen],
Context-dependent detection of non-linearly distributed points for vegetation classification in airborne LiDAR,
PandRS(116), No. 1, 2016, pp. 1-14.
Elsevier DOI 1604
LiDAR BibRef

Clasen, A.[Anne], Somers, B.[Ben], Pipkins, K.[Kyle], Tits, L.[Laurent], Segl, K.[Karl], Brell, M.[Max], Kleinschmit, B.[Birgit], Spengler, D.[Daniel], Lausch, A.[Angela], Förster, M.[Michael],
Spectral Unmixing of Forest Crown Components at Close Range, Airborne and Simulated Sentinel-2 and EnMAP Spectral Imaging Scale,
RS(7), No. 11, 2015, pp. 15361.
DOI Link 1512
BibRef

Liu, T.[Tao], Im, J.[Jungho], Quackenbush, L.J.[Lindi J.],
A novel transferable individual tree crown delineation model based on Fishing Net Dragging and boundary classification,
PandRS(110), No. 1, 2015, pp. 34-47.
Elsevier DOI 1601
ITCD BibRef

Tao, S.L.[Sheng-Li], Wu, F.F.[Fang-Fang], Guo, Q.H.[Qing-Hua], Wang, Y.C.[Yong-Cai], Li, W.K.[Wen-Kai], Xue, B.L.[Bao-Lin], Hu, X.Y.[Xue-Yang], Li, P.[Peng], Tian, D.[Di], Li, C.[Chao], Yao, H.[Hui], Li, Y.[Yumei], Xu, G.C.[Guang-Cai], Fang, J.Y.[Jing-Yun],
Segmenting tree crowns from terrestrial and mobile LiDAR data by exploring ecological theories,
PandRS(110), No. 1, 2015, pp. 66-76.
Elsevier DOI 1601
Terrestrial LiDAR BibRef

Dalponte, M.[Michele], Ene, L.T.[Liviu Theodor], Marconcini, M.[Mattia], Gobakken, T.[Terje], Næsset, E.[Erik],
Semi-supervised SVM for individual tree crown species classification,
PandRS(110), No. 1, 2015, pp. 77-87.
Elsevier DOI 1601
Tree species classification BibRef

Leckie, D.G.[Donald G.], Walsworth, N.[Nicholas], Gougeon, F.A.[François A.],
Identifying tree crown delineation shapes and need for remediation on high resolution imagery using an evidence based approach,
PandRS(114), No. 1, 2016, pp. 206-227.
Elsevier DOI 1604
Forest inventory BibRef

Zhen, Z.[Zhen], Quackenbush, L.J.[Lindi J.], Zhang, L.J.[Lian-Jun],
Trends in Automatic Individual Tree Crown Detection and Delineation: Evolution of LiDAR Data,
RS(8), No. 4, 2016, pp. 333.
DOI Link 1604
BibRef

Barnes, C.[Chloe], Balzter, H.[Heiko], Barrett, K.[Kirsten], Eddy, J.[James], Milner, S.[Sam], Suárez, J.C.[Juan C.],
Individual Tree Crown Delineation from Airborne Laser Scanning for Diseased Larch Forest Stands,
RS(9), No. 3, 2017, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 1704
BibRef

Paris, C., Kelbe, D., van Aardt, J., Bruzzone, L.,
A Novel Automatic Method for the Fusion of ALS and TLS LiDAR Data for Robust Assessment of Tree Crown Structure,
GeoRS(55), No. 7, July 2017, pp. 3679-3693.
IEEE DOI 1706
Laser fusion, Laser radar, Measurement by laser beam, Shape, Surface emitting lasers, Vegetation, Airborne laser scanning (ALS), forest structure, forestry, light detection and ranging (LiDAR), registration, remote sensing, terrestrial, laser, scanning, (TLS) BibRef

Blomley, R.[Rosmarie], Hovi, A.[Aarne], Weinmann, M.[Martin], Hinz, S.[Stefan], Korpela, I.[Ilkka], Jutzi, B.[Boris],
Tree species classification using within crown localization of waveform LiDAR attributes,
PandRS(133), No. Supplement C, 2017, pp. 142-156.
Elsevier DOI 1711
WF-recording LiDAR, Feature design, Geometric features, Tree species, BibRef

Camino, C.[Carlos], Zarco-Tejada, P.J.[Pablo J.], Gonzalez-Dugo, V.[Victoria],
Effects of Heterogeneity within Tree Crowns on Airborne-Quantified SIF and the CWSI as Indicators of Water Stress in the Context of Precision Agriculture,
RS(10), No. 4, 2018, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 1805
BibRef

Maschler, J.[Julia], Atzberger, C.[Clement], Immitzer, M.[Markus],
Individual Tree Crown Segmentation and Classification of 13 Tree Species Using Airborne Hyperspectral Data,
RS(10), No. 8, 2018, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 1809
BibRef

Wagner, F.H.[Fabien Hubert], Ferreira, M.P.[Matheus Pinheiro], Sanchez, A.[Alber], Hirye, M.C.M.[Mayumi C.M.], Zortea, M.[Maciel], Gloor, E.[Emanuel], Phillips, O.L.[Oliver L.], de Souza Filho, C.R.[Carlos Roberto], Shimabukuro, Y.E.[Yosio Edemir], Aragão, L.E.O.C.[Luiz E.O.C.],
Individual tree crown delineation in a highly diverse tropical forest using very high resolution satellite images,
PandRS(145), 2018, pp. 362-377.
Elsevier DOI 1811
Image segmentation, Multispectral image, Tropical forests, Species identification, Rolling ball algorithm, Mathematical morphology BibRef

Lassalle, G.[Guillaume], Ferreira, M.P.[Matheus Pinheiro], La Rosa, L.E.C.[Laura Elena Cué], de Souza Filho, C.R.[Carlos Roberto],
Deep learning-based individual tree crown delineation in mangrove forests using very-high-resolution satellite imagery,
PandRS(189), 2022, pp. 220-235.
Elsevier DOI 2206
Mangrove forest, Tree crown delineation, Satellite imagery, Deep learning, Image segmentation BibRef

Harikumar, A., Bovolo, F., Bruzzone, L.,
A Local Projection-Based Approach to Individual Tree Detection and 3-D Crown Delineation in Multistoried Coniferous Forests Using High-Density Airborne LiDAR Data,
GeoRS(57), No. 2, February 2019, pp. 1168-1182.
IEEE DOI 1901
Vegetation, Forestry, Laser radar, Laser beams, Distance measurement, Biomass, tree top detection BibRef

Yan, Z.J.[Zhao-Jin], Liu, R.[Rufei], Cheng, L.[Liang], Zhou, X.[Xiao], Ruan, X.G.[Xiao-Guang], Xiao, Y.J.[Yi-Jia],
A Concave Hull Methodology for Calculating the Crown Volume of Individual Trees Based on Vehicle-Borne LiDAR Data,
RS(11), No. 6, 2019, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 1903
BibRef

Aubry-Kientz, M.[Mélaine], Dutrieux, R.[Raphaël], Ferraz, A.[Antonio], Saatchi, S.[Sassan], Hamraz, H.[Hamid], Williams, J.[Jonathan], Coomes, D.[David], Piboule, A.[Alexandre], Vincent, G.[Grégoire],
A Comparative Assessment of the Performance of Individual Tree Crowns Delineation Algorithms from ALS Data in Tropical Forests,
RS(11), No. 9, 2019, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 1905
BibRef

Li, W.J.[Wei-Jia], He, C.H.[Cong-Hui], Fu, H.H.[Hao-Huan], Zheng, J.P.[Jue-Peng], Dong, R.M.[Run-Min], Xia, M.C.[Mao-Cai], Yu, L.[Le], Luk, W.[Wayne],
A Real-Time Tree Crown Detection Approach for Large-Scale Remote Sensing Images on FPGAs,
RS(11), No. 9, 2019, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 1905
BibRef

Weinstein, B.G.[Ben G.], Marconi, S.[Sergio], Bohlman, S.[Stephanie], Zare, A.[Alina], White, E.[Ethan],
Individual Tree-Crown Detection in RGB Imagery Using Semi-Supervised Deep Learning Neural Networks,
RS(11), No. 11, 2019, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 1906
BibRef

Fang, R.[Rong], Strimbu, B.M.[Bogdan M.],
Comparison of Mature Douglas-Firs' Crown Structures Developed with Two Quantitative Structural Models Using TLS Point Clouds for Neighboring Trees in a Natural Regime Stand,
RS(11), No. 14, 2019, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 1908
BibRef

Nguyen, H.M.[Hoang Minh], Demir, B.[Begüm], Dalponte, M.[Michele],
A Weighted SVM-Based Approach to Tree Species Classification at Individual Tree Crown Level Using LiDAR Data,
RS(11), No. 24, 2019, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 1912
BibRef

Qiu, L.[Lin], Jing, L.H.[Lin-Hai], Hu, B.X.[Bao-Xin], Li, H.[Hui], Tang, Y.W.[Yun-Wei],
A New Individual Tree Crown Delineation Method for High Resolution Multispectral Imagery,
RS(12), No. 3, 2020, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2002
BibRef

Bush, E.R.[Emma R.], Mitchard, E.T.A.[Edward T. A.], Silva, T.S.F.[Thiago S. F.], Dimoto, E.[Edmond], Dimbonda, P.[Pacôme], Makaga, L.[Loïc], Abernethy, K.[Katharine],
Monitoring Mega-Crown Leaf Turnover from Space,
RS(12), No. 3, 2020, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2002
BibRef

Ahongshangbam, J.[Joyson], Röll, A.[Alexander], Ellsäßer, F.[Florian], Hendrayanto, Hölscher, D.[Dirk],
Airborne Tree Crown Detection for Predicting Spatial Heterogeneity of Canopy Transpiration in a Tropical Rainforest,
RS(12), No. 4, 2020, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2003
BibRef

Ma, Z.Y.[Zhen-Yu], Pang, Y.[Yong], Wang, D.[Di], Liang, X.J.[Xiao-Jun], Chen, B.[Bowei], Lu, H.[Hao], Weinacker, H.[Holger], Koch, B.[Barbara],
Individual Tree Crown Segmentation of a Larch Plantation Using Airborne Laser Scanning Data Based on Region Growing and Canopy Morphology Features,
RS(12), No. 7, 2020, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2004
BibRef

Zhu, Z.H.[Zi-Hui], Kleinn, C.[Christoph], Nölke, N.[Nils],
Towards Tree Green Crown Volume: A Methodological Approach Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning,
RS(12), No. 11, 2020, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2006
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Plesoianu, A.I.[Alin-Ionut], Stupariu, M.S.[Mihai-Sorin], Sandric, I.[Ionut], Patru-Stupariu, I.[Ileana], Dragut, L.[Lucian],
Individual Tree-Crown Detection and Species Classification in Very High-Resolution Remote Sensing Imagery Using a Deep Learning Ensemble Model,
RS(12), No. 15, 2020, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2008
BibRef

Gu, J.Y.[Jian-Yu], Grybas, H.[Heather], Congalton, R.G.[Russell G.],
Individual Tree Crown Delineation from UAS Imagery Based on Region Growing and Growth Space Considerations,
RS(12), No. 15, 2020, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2008
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Braga, J.R.G.[José R. G.], Peripato, V.[Vinícius], Dalagnol, R.[Ricardo], Ferreira, M.P.[Matheus P.], Tarabalka, Y.[Yuliya], Aragão, L.E.O.C.[Luiz E. O. C.], de Campos Velho, H.F.[Haroldo F.], Shiguemori, E.H.[Elcio H.], Wagner, F.H.[Fabien H.],
Tree Crown Delineation Algorithm Based on a Convolutional Neural Network,
RS(12), No. 8, 2020, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2004
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Lamprecht, S.[Sebastian], Stoffels, J.[Johannes], Udelhoven, T.[Thomas],
ALS as Tool to Study Preferred Stem Inclination Directions,
RS(12), No. 22, 2020, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2011
BibRef

Wu, S.B.[Sheng-Biao], Wang, J.[Jing], Yan, Z.B.[Zheng-Bing], Song, G.Q.[Guang-Qin], Chen, Y.[Yang], Ma, Q.[Qin], Deng, M.F.[Mei-Feng], Wu, Y.T.[Yun-Tao], Zhao, Y.Y.[Ying-Yi], Guo, Z.F.[Zheng-Fei], Yuan, Z.Q.[Zuo-Qiang], Dai, G.H.[Guan-Hua], Xu, X.T.[Xiang-Tao], Yang, X.[Xi], Su, Y.J.[Yan-Jun], Liu, L.L.[Ling-Li], Wu, J.[Jin],
Monitoring tree-crown scale autumn leaf phenology in a temperate forest with an integration of PlanetScope and drone remote sensing observations,
PandRS(171), 2021, pp. 36-48.
Elsevier DOI 2012
Multi-scale remote sensing, Phenocam, High-resolution satellite, MODIS, Individual tree-crown, Leaf phenology BibRef

Reckziegel, R.B.[Rafael Bohn], Larysch, E.[Elena], Sheppard, J.P.[Jonathan P.], Kahle, H.P.[Hans-Peter], Morhart, C.[Christopher],
Modelling and Comparing Shading Effects of 3D Tree Structures with Virtual Leaves,
RS(13), No. 3, 2021, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2102
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Adeline, K.R.M.[Karine R. M.], Briottet, X.[Xavier], Lefebvre, S.[Sidonie], Rivière, N.[Nicolas], Gastellu-Etchegorry, J.P.[Jean-Philippe], Vinatier, F.[Fabrice],
Impact of Tree Crown Transmittance on Surface Reflectance Retrieval in the Shade for High Spatial Resolution Imaging Spectroscopy: A Simulation Analysis Based on Tree Modeling Scenarios,
RS(13), No. 5, 2021, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2103
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Ma, K.[Kaisen], Xiong, Y.J.[Yu-Jiu], Jiang, F.[Fugen], Chen, S.[Song], Sun, H.[Hua],
A Novel Vegetation Point Cloud Density Tree-Segmentation Model for Overlapping Crowns Using UAV LiDAR,
RS(13), No. 8, 2021, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2104
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Arseniou, G.[Georgios], MacFarlane, D.W.[David W.], Seidel, D.[Dominik],
Measuring the Contribution of Leaves to the Structural Complexity of Urban Tree Crowns with Terrestrial Laser Scanning,
RS(13), No. 14, 2021, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2107
BibRef

Uzquiano, S.[Sara], Barbeito, I.[Ignacio], Martín, R.S.[Roberto San], Ehbrecht, M.[Martin], Seidel, D.[Dominik], Bravo, F.[Felipe],
Quantifying Crown Morphology of Mixed Pine-Oak Forests Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning,
RS(13), No. 23, 2021, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2112
BibRef

Chen, G.[Guang], Shang, Y.[Yi],
Transformer for Tree Counting in Aerial Images,
RS(14), No. 3, 2022, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2202
BibRef

Kubišta, J.[Jaroslav], Surový, P.[Peter],
Individual Tree Identification in ULS Point Clouds Using a Crown Width Mixed-Effects Model Based on NFI Data,
RS(14), No. 4, 2022, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2202
BibRef

Deluzet, M.[Matthieu], Erudel, T.[Thierry], Briottet, X.[Xavier], Sheeren, D.[David], Fabre, S.[Sophie],
Individual Tree Crown Delineation Method Based on Multi-Criteria Graph Using Geometric and Spectral Information: Application to Several Temperate Forest Sites,
RS(14), No. 5, 2022, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2203
BibRef

Hao, Z.B.[Zhen-Bang], Post, C.J.[Christopher J.], Mikhailova, E.A.[Elena A.], Lin, L.[Lili], Liu, J.[Jian], Yu, K.[Kunyong],
How Does Sample Labeling and Distribution Affect the Accuracy and Efficiency of a Deep Learning Model for Individual Tree-Crown Detection and Delineation,
RS(14), No. 7, 2022, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2205
BibRef

Hu, G.[Guyue], Li, A.[Ainong],
SGOT: A Simplified Geometric-Optical Model for Crown Scene Components Modeling over Rugged Terrain,
RS(14), No. 8, 2022, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2205
BibRef

Harikumar, A.[Aravind], d'Odorico, P.[Petra], Ensminger, I.[Ingo],
Combining Spectral, Spatial-Contextual, and Structural Information in Multispectral UAV Data for Spruce Crown Delineation,
RS(14), No. 9, 2022, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2205
BibRef

Ho, B.[Boon], Kocer, B.B.[Basaran Bahadir], Kovac, M.[Mirko],
Vision based crown loss estimation for individual trees with remote aerial robots,
PandRS(188), 2022, pp. 75-88.
Elsevier DOI 2205
Aerial robots, Unmanned aerial vehicles, Crown loss estimation, Convolutional neural network, Variational autoencoder, Foliar sampling BibRef

Yang, K.[Kaile], Zhang, H.[Houxi], Wang, F.[Fan], Lai, R.[Riwen],
Extraction of Broad-Leaved Tree Crown Based on UAV Visible Images and OBIA-RF Model: A Case Study for Chinese Olive Trees,
RS(14), No. 10, 2022, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2206
BibRef

Poorazimy, M.[Maryam], Ronoud, G.[Ghasem], Yu, X.W.[Xiao-Wei], Luoma, V.[Ville], Hyyppä, J.[Juha], Saarinen, N.[Ninni], Kankare, V.[Ville], Vastaranta, M.[Mikko],
Feasibility of Bi-Temporal Airborne Laser Scanning Data in Detecting Species-Specific Individual Tree Crown Growth of Boreal Forests,
RS(14), No. 19, 2022, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2210
BibRef

Gan, Y.[Yi], Wang, Q.[Quan], Iio, A.[Atsuhiro],
Tree Crown Detection and Delineation in a Temperate Deciduous Forest from UAV RGB Imagery Using Deep Learning Approaches: Effects of Spatial Resolution and Species Characteristics,
RS(15), No. 3, 2023, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2302
BibRef

Beloiu, M.[Mirela], Heinzmann, L.[Lucca], Rehush, N.[Nataliia], Gessler, A.[Arthur], Griess, V.C.[Verena C.],
Individual Tree-Crown Detection and Species Identification in Heterogeneous Forests Using Aerial RGB Imagery and Deep Learning,
RS(15), No. 5, 2023, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2303
BibRef

Liu, Z.H.[Zhao-Hua], Long, J.P.[Jiang-Ping], Lin, H.[Hui], Du, K.[Kai], Xu, X.D.[Xiao-Dong], Liu, H.[Hao], Yang, P.S.[Pei-Song], Zhang, T.C.[Ting-Chen], Ye, Z.[Zilin],
Interpretation and Mapping Tree Crown Diameter Using Spatial Heterogeneity in Relation to the Radiative Transfer Model Extracted from GF-2 Images in Planted Boreal Forest Ecosystems,
RS(15), No. 7, 2023, pp. 1806.
DOI Link 2304
BibRef

Wang, F.[Fan], Sun, Y.[Yuman], Jia, W.W.[Wei-Wei], Li, D.D.[Dan-Dan], Zhang, X.Y.[Xiao-Yong], Tang, Y.[Yiren], Guo, H.T.[Hao-Tian],
A Novel Approach to Characterizing Crown Vertical Profile Shapes Using Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS),
RS(15), No. 13, 2023, pp. 3272.
DOI Link 2307
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Xiong, J.F.[Jing-Feng], Zeng, H.[Hongda], Cai, G.[Guo], Li, Y.F.[Yun-Fei], Chen, J.M.[Jing M.], Miao, G.F.[Guo-Fang],
Crown Information Extraction and Annual Growth Estimation of a Chinese Fir Plantation Based on Unmanned Aerial Vehicle-Light Detection and Ranging,
RS(15), No. 15, 2023, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2308
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Xu, J.[Jie], Su, M.[Minbin], Sun, Y.X.[Yu-Xuan], Pan, W.B.[Wen-Bin], Cui, H.[Hongchuan], Jin, S.[Shuo], Zhang, L.[Li], Wang, P.[Pei],
Tree Crown Segmentation and Diameter at Breast Height Prediction Based on BlendMask in Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Imagery,
RS(16), No. 2, 2024, pp. 368.
DOI Link 2402
BibRef

Troles, J.[Jonas], Schmid, U.[Ute], Fan, W.[Wen], Tian, J.J.[Jiao-Jiao],
BAMFORESTS: Bamberg Benchmark Forest Dataset of Individual Tree Crowns in Very-High-Resolution UAV Images,
RS(16), No. 11, 2024, pp. 1935.
DOI Link 2406
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Amirkolaee, H.A.[Hamed Amini], Shi, M.J.[Miao-Jing], He, L.[Lianghua], Mulligan, M.[Mark],
AdaTreeFormer: Few shot domain adaptation for tree counting from a single high-resolution image,
PandRS(214), 2024, pp. 193-208.
Elsevier DOI Code:
WWW Link. 2407
Tree counting, Few-shot domain adaptation, Attention-to-adapt, Transformer, Remote sensing BibRef

Puletti, N.[Nicola], Guasti, M.[Matteo], Innocenti, S.[Simone], Cesaretti, L.[Lorenzo], Chiavetta, U.[Ugo],
A Semi-Automatic Approach for Tree Crown Competition Indices Assessment from UAV LiDAR,
RS(16), No. 14, 2024, pp. 2576.
DOI Link 2408
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Steier, J.[Janik], Goebel, M.[Mona], Iwaszczuk, D.[Dorota],
Is Your Training Data Really Ground Truth? A Quality Assessment of Manual Annotation for Individual Tree Crown Delineation,
RS(16), No. 15, 2024, pp. 2786.
DOI Link 2408
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Dersch, S., Schöttl, A., Krzystek, P., Heurich, M.,
Semi-supervised multi-class tree crown delineation using aerial multispectral imagery and lidar data,
PandRS(216), 2024, pp. 154-167.
Elsevier DOI 2408
Single tree delineation, Semi-supervised learning, Instance segmentation, Multi- spectral imagery, Lidar BibRef

Speckenwirth, S.[Sönke], Brandmeier, M.[Melanie], Paczkowski, S.[Sebastian],
TreeSeg: A Toolbox for Fully Automated Tree Crown Segmentation Based on High-Resolution Multispectral UAV Data,
RS(16), No. 19, 2024, pp. 3660.
DOI Link 2410
BibRef

Lin, Y.Y.[Yuan-Yuan], Li, H.[Hui], Jing, L.H.[Lin-Hai], Ding, H.F.[Hai-Feng], Tian, S.[Shufang],
Individual Tree Crown Delineation Using Airborne LiDAR Data and Aerial Imagery in the Taiga-Tundra Ecotone,
RS(16), No. 21, 2024, pp. 3920.
DOI Link 2411
BibRef

Sun, Z.[Ziyi], Xue, B.[Bing], Zhang, M.J.[Meng-Jie], Schindler, J.[Jan],
An Improved Mask R-CNN for Instance Segmentation of Tree Crowns in Aerial Imagery,
IVCNZ23(1-6)
IEEE DOI 2403
Instance segmentation, Design methodology, Urban planning, Vegetation, Forestry, Predictive models, Pest control, Mask R-CNN BibRef

Han, X.F.[Xue-Feng], Xu, R.[Ruan],
Estimation Forest Stand Crown Based on High Spatial Resolution Imagery,
CVIDL23(1-4)
IEEE DOI 2403
Reflectivity, Satellites, Vegetation mapping, Estimation, Forestry, Vegetation, Indexes, crown width, high resolution remote sensing, contour BibRef

Hu, B., Jung, W.,
Individual Tree Crown Delineation From High Spatial Resolution Imagery Using U-net,
ISPRS21(B3-2021: 61-66).
DOI Link 2201
BibRef

Grznárová, A., Mokroš, M., Surový, P., Slavík, M., Pondelík, M., Merganic, J.,
The Crown Diameter Estimation From Fixed Wing Type of UAV Imagery,
UAV-g19(337-341).
DOI Link 1912
BibRef