16.7.2.9 License Plate Recognition, Extraction, Analysis

Chapter Contents (Back)
License Plates. License Plate Recognition. OCR. A big business for access control, detecting stolen vehicles, parking monitoring, etc.

Automatic License Plate Recognition,
2008.
WWW Link. Vendor, License Plate Recognition. Includes general pointers to hardware and software, plus software toolkit.

Optasia License Plate Recognition System,
License plate recongintion systems.
WWW Link. Vendor, License Plate Recognition.

INEX/Zamir,
2006. License Plate Recognition System
WWW Link. Vendor, License Plate Recognition. License plate recongintion systems. Merger of INEX Technologies and Zamir Recognition Systems.

Zamir Recognition Systems Ltd.,
1993. License Plate Recognition System
HTML Version. Vendor, License Plate Recognition. InSignia system. Merged into INEX/Zamir in 2006.
See also INEX/Zamir.

Appian Technology Plc,
1994. Talon License Plate system.
WWW Link. Vendor, License Plate Recognition. License plate recongintion systems.

Autovu Inc.,
1997.
WWW Link. Vendor, License Plate Recognition. License plate recongintion systems.
See also Gentec.

PIPS Technology,
2001.
WWW Link. Vendor, License Plate Recognition. Infrared license plate recongintion systems. Part of Federal Signal

IRIDA Labs,
2008.
WWW Link. Vendor, License Plate Recognition. FPGA based embedded systems.

Gonzalez, R.C.[Rafael C.], Herrera, J.A.[Juan A.],
Apparatus for reading a license plate,
US_Patent4,817,166, March 28, 1989.
WWW Link. BibRef 8903

Cowell, J.R.,
Syntactic Pattern Recognizer for Vehicle Identification Numbers,
IVC(13), No. 1, February 1995, pp. 13-19.
Elsevier DOI License Numbers. BibRef 9502

Postolache, A., Trecat, J.,
Pyramidal Approach to License Plate Segmentation,
JEI(5), No. 3, July 1996, pp. 402-409. 9703
BibRef

Cui, Y.T.[Yun-Tao], Huang, Q.[Qian],
Extracting Characters of License Plates from Video Sequences,
MVA(10), No. 5-6, April 1998, pp. 308-320.
Springer DOI 9805
BibRef
Earlier:
Character Extraction of License Plates from Video,
CVPR97(502-507).
IEEE DOI 9704
BibRef
Earlier:
Automatic License Extraction from Moving Vehicles,
ICIP97(III: 126-129).
IEEE DOI Siemens BibRef

Auty, G.W.[Glen William], Corke, P.I.[Peter Ian], Dunn, P.A.[Paul Alexander], MacIntyre, I.B.[Ian Barry], Mills, D.C.[Dennis Charles], Simons, B.F.[Benjamin Francis], Jensen, M.J.[Murray John], Knight, R.L.[Rodney Lavis], Pierce, D.S.[David Stuart], Balakumar, P.[Ponnampalam],
Vehicle monitoring system,
US_Patent5,809,161, Sep 15, 1998
WWW Link. Lots of pieces. Some image analysis. BibRef 9809

Auty, G.W., Corke, P.I.[Peter Ian], Dunn, P.A., Jensen, M.J., Macintyre, I.B., Mills, D.C., Nguyen, H., and Simons, B.F.,
An Image Acquisition System for Traffic Monitoring Applications,
SPIE(2416), Cameras and Systems for Electronic Photography and Scientific Imaging, 8-9 February 1995, San Jose, California, pp. 119-133. Numbers and letters on auto license plates. BibRef 9502

Kielland, P.J.[Peter J.],
Parking regulation enforcement system,
US_Patent6,081,206, Jun 27, 2000
WWW Link. Recognize license plate numbers and store. BibRef 0006

Chang, S.L.[Shyang-Lih], Chen, L.S.[Li-Shien], Chung, Y.C.[Yun-Chung], Chen, S.W.[Sei-Wan],
Automatic license plate recognition,
ITS(5), No. 1, March 2004, pp. 42-53.
IEEE Abstract. 0501
BibRef

Amit, Y., Geman, D., Fan, X.D.[Xiao-Dong],
A Coarse-to-Fine Strategy for Multiclass Shape Detection,
PAMI(26), No. 12, December 2004, pp. 1606-1621.
IEEE Abstract. 0411
By parts. Recognize and localize an instance from other shapes. Local indexing. Apply to license plates. BibRef

Broumandnia, A., Fathi, M.,
Application of Pattern Recognition for Farsi License Plate Recognition,
GVIP(05), No. V2, January 2005, pp. 25-31
HTML Version. BibRef 0501

Zheng, D.[Danian], Zhao, Y.N.[Yan-Nan], Wang, J.X.[Jia-Xin],
An efficient method of license plate location,
PRL(26), No. 15, November 2005, pp. 2431-2438.
Elsevier DOI 0510
BibRef

Shapiro, V.[Vladimir], Gluhchev, G.[Georgi], Dimov, D.[Dimo],
Towards a Multinational Car License Plate Recognition System,
MVA(17), No. 3, August 2006, pp. 173-183.
Springer DOI 0606
BibRef
And: A1, A2, Only:
Multinational License Plate Recognition System: Segmentation and Classification,
ICPR04(IV: 352-355).
IEEE DOI 0409
BibRef

Anagnostopoulos, C.N.E., Anagnostopoulos, I.E., Loumos, V., Kayafas, E.,
A License Plate-Recognition Algorithm for Intelligent Transportation System Applications,
ITS(7), No. 3, September 2006, pp. 377-392.
IEEE DOI 0609
BibRef

Anagnostopoulos, C.N.E., Anagnostopoulos, I.E., Psoroulas, I.D., Loumos, V., Kayafas, E.,
License Plate Recognition From Still Images and Video Sequences: A Survey,
ITS(9), No. 3, September 2008, pp. 377-391.
IEEE DOI 0809
Survey, License Plates. BibRef

Alexandropoulos, T., Boutas, S., Loumos, V., Kayafas, E.,
Real-time change detection for surveillance in public transportation,
AVSBS05(58-63).
IEEE DOI 0602
BibRef

Anagnostopoulos, C.N.E., Alexandropoulos, T., Boutas, S., Loumos, V., Kayafas, E.,
A template-guided approach to vehicle surveillance and access control,
AVSBS05(534-539).
IEEE DOI 0602
BibRef

Suresh, K.V., Kumar, G.M., Rajagopalan, A.N.,
Superresolution of License Plates in Real Traffic Videos,
ITS(8), No. 2, April 2007, pp. 321-331.
IEEE DOI 0706
BibRef
Earlier: A1, A3, Only:
A Discontinuity Adaptive Method for Super-Resolution of License Plates,
ICCVGIP06(25-34).
Springer DOI 0612

See also Robust and computationally efficient superresolution algorithm. BibRef

Wang, F.[Feng], Man, L.C.[Li-Chun], Wang, B.P.[Bang-Ping], Xiao, Y.J.[Yi-Jun], Pan, W.[Wei], Lu, X.C.[Xiao-Chun],
Fuzzy-based algorithm for color recognition of license plates,
PRL(29), No. 7, 1 May 2008, pp. 1007-1020.
Elsevier DOI 0804
Color recognition; Fuzzy logic; HSV color space; License plate recognition (LPR) BibRef

Jiao, J.B.[Jian-Bin], Ye, Q.X.[Qi-Xiang], Huang, Q.M.[Qing-Ming],
A configurable method for multi-style license plate recognition,
PR(42), No. 3, March 2009, pp. 358-369.
Elsevier DOI 0811
License plate recognition; Multi-style license plate; Configurable method; Character segmentation; Character recognition BibRef

Arth, C.[Clemens], Bischof, H.[Horst],
Real-time object recognition using local features on a DSP-based embedded system,
RealTimeIP(3), No. 4, December 2008, pp. xx-yy.
Springer DOI 0811
BibRef

Donoser, M.[Michael], Arth, C.[Clemens], Bischof, H.[Horst],
Detecting, Tracking and Recognizing License Plates,
ACCV07(II: 447-456).
Springer DOI 0711
BibRef

Arth, C.[Clemens], Limberger, F.[Florian], Bischof, H.[Horst],
Real-Time License Plate Recognition on an Embedded DSP-Platform,
EmbedCV07(1-8).
IEEE DOI 0706
BibRef

Fan, X.[Xin], Fan, G.L.[Guo-Liang],
Graphical Models for Joint Segmentation and Recognition of License Plate Characters,
SPLetters(16), No. 1, January 2009, pp. 10-13.
IEEE DOI 0901
BibRef

Fan, X.[Xin], Fan, G.L.[Guo-Liang], Liang, D.Q.[De-Qun],
Joint Segmentation and Recognition of License Plate Characters,
ICIP07(IV: 353-356).
IEEE DOI 0709
BibRef

Wu, B.F., Lin, S.P., Chiu, C.C.,
Extracting characters from real vehicle licence plates out-of-doors,
IET-CV(1), No. 1, March 2007, pp. 2-10.
DOI Link 0905
BibRef

Abolghasemi, V.[Vahid], Ahmadyfard, A.[Alireza],
An edge-based color-aided method for license plate detection,
IVC(27), No. 8, 2 July 2009, pp. 1134-1142.
Elsevier DOI 0906
License plate recognition; Edge analysis; Morphological processing; Color analysis BibRef

Al-Hmouz, R.[Rami], Challa, S.[Subhash],
License plate localization based on a probabilistic model,
MVA(21), No. 3, April 2010, pp. xx-yy.
Springer DOI 1003
BibRef

Giannoukos, I.[Ioannis], Anagnostopoulos, C.N.E.[Christos-Nikolaos E.], Loumos, V.[Vassili], Kayafas, E.[Eleftherios],
Operator context scanning to support high segmentation rates for real time license plate recognition,
PR(43), No. 11, November 2010, pp. 3866-3878.
Elsevier DOI 1008
Operator Context Scanning algorithm; Sliding windows analysis; License Plate Recognition; High resolution image processing BibRef

Castillo, E., Gallego, I., Menendez, J.M., Rivas, A.,
Optimal Use of Plate-Scanning Resources for Route Flow Estimation in Traffic Networks,
ITS(11), No. 2, June 2010, pp. 380-391.
IEEE DOI 1007
BibRef

Thome, N.[Nicolas], Vacavant, A.[Antoine], Robinault, L.[Lionel], Miguet, S.[Serge],
A cognitive and video-based approach for multinational License Plate Recognition,
MVA(22), No. 2, March 2011, pp. 389-407.
WWW Link. 1103
BibRef

Wen, Y., Lu, Y., Yan, J., Zhou, Z., von Deneen, K.M., Shi, P.,
An Algorithm for License Plate Recognition Applied to Intelligent Transportation System,
ITS(12), No. 3, September 2011, pp. 830-845.
IEEE DOI 1109
BibRef

License plate recognition software targets embedded systems,
VisSys(17), No. 1, January 2012.
HTML Version. 1201
Development of embedded systems.
See also IRIDA Labs. BibRef

Gazcón, N.F.[Nicolás Fernando], Chesñevar, C.I.[Carlos Iván], Castro, S.M.[Silvia Mabel],
Automatic vehicle identification for Argentinean license plates using intelligent template matching,
PRL(33), No. 9, 1 July 2012, pp. 1066-1074.
Elsevier DOI 1202
License plate recognition; Template recognition; Image processing BibRef

Zeng, W.[Weili], Lu, X.B.[Xiao-Bo],
A Generalized DAMRF Image Modeling for Superresolution of License Plates,
ITS(13), No. 2, June 2012, pp. 828-837.
IEEE DOI 1206
BibRef

Zhou, W., Li, H., Lu, Y., Tian, Q.,
Principal Visual Word Discovery for Automatic License Plate Detection,
IP(21), No. 9, September 2012, pp. 4269-4279.
IEEE DOI 1208
BibRef

Du, S., Ibrahim, M., Shehata, M., Badawy, W.,
Automatic License Plate Recognition (ALPR): A State-of-the-Art Review,
CirSysVideo(23), No. 2, February 2013, pp. 311-325.
IEEE DOI 1301
BibRef

Rahman, C.A., Badawy, W., Radmanesh, A.,
A real time vehicle's license plate recognition system,
AVSBS03(163-166).
IEEE DOI 0310
BibRef

Sarfraz, M.S., Shahzad, A., Elahi, M.A.[Muhammad A.], Fraz, M., Zafar, I., Edirisinghe, E.A.,
Real-time automatic license plate recognition for CCTV forensic applications,
RealTimeIP(8), No. 3, September 2013, pp. 285-295.
Springer DOI 1309
BibRef

Oliveira-Neto, F.M., Han, L.D., Jeong, M.K.,
An Online Self-Learning Algorithm for License Plate Matching,
ITS(14), No. 4, 2013, pp. 1806-1816.
IEEE DOI 1312
Accuracy BibRef

Li, B., Tian, B., Li, Y., Wen, D.,
Component-Based License Plate Detection Using Conditional Random Field Model,
ITS(14), No. 4, 2013, pp. 1690-1699.
IEEE DOI 1312
Computer vision BibRef

Ashtari, A.H., Nordin, M.J., Fathy, M.,
An Iranian License Plate Recognition System Based on Color Features,
ITS(15), No. 4, August 2014, pp. 1690-1705.
IEEE DOI 1410
character recognition BibRef

Yu, S.Y.[Shou-Yuan], Li, B.[Baopu], Zhang, Q.[Qi], Liu, C.C.[Chang-Chun], Meng, M.Q.H.[Max Q.H.],
A novel license plate location method based on wavelet transform and EMD analysis,
PR(48), No. 1, 2015, pp. 114-125.
Elsevier DOI 1410
License plate location BibRef

Zhai, X.J.[Xiao-Jun], Bensaali, F.[Faycal],
Improved number plate character segmentation algorithm and its efficient FPGA implementation,
RealTimeIP(10), No. 1, March 2015, pp. 91-103.
WWW Link. 1503
BibRef

Rajput, H., Som, T., Kar, S.,
An Automated Vehicle License Plate Recognition System,
Computer(48), No. 8, August 2015, pp. 56-61.
IEEE DOI 1509
computer vision BibRef

Singh, B.[Birmohan], Kaur, M.[Manpreet], Singh, D.[Dalwinder], Singh, G.[Gurwinder],
Automatic number plate recognition system by character position method,
IJCVR(6), No. 1-2, 2016, pp. 94-112.
DOI Link 1601
BibRef

Rajput, H.[Hitesh], Som, T.[Tanmoy], Kar, S.[Soumitra],
Using Radon Transform to Recognize Skewed Images of Vehicular License Plates,
Computer(49), No. 1, January 2016, pp. 59-65.
IEEE DOI 1601
Algorithm design and analysis BibRef

Azam, S.[Samiul], Islam, M.M.[M. Monirul],
Automatic license plate detection in hazardous condition,
JVCIR(36), No. 1, 2016, pp. 172-186.
Elsevier DOI 1603
Automatic license plate detection BibRef

Gou, C., Wang, K., Yao, Y., Li, Z.,
Vehicle License Plate Recognition Based on Extremal Regions and Restricted Boltzmann Machines,
ITS(17), No. 4, April 2016, pp. 1096-1107.
IEEE DOI 1604
Character recognition BibRef

Lu, Q., Zhou, W., Fang, L., Li, H.,
Robust Blur Kernel Estimation for License Plate Images From Fast Moving Vehicles,
IP(25), No. 5, May 2016, pp. 2311-2323.
IEEE DOI 1604
Cameras BibRef

Wafy, M., Madbouly, A.M.M.[A. M. M.],
Efficient method for vehicle license plate identification based on learning a morphological feature,
IET-ITS(10), No. 6, 2016, pp. 389-395.
DOI Link 1608
feature extraction BibRef

Asif, M.R.[Muhammad Rizwan], Chun, Q.[Qi], Hussain, S.[Sajid], Fareed, M.S.[Muhammad Sadiq],
Multiple licence plate detection for Chinese vehicles in dense traffic scenarios,
IET-ITS(10), No. 8, 2016, pp. 535-544.
DOI Link 1610
image colour analysis BibRef

Asif, M.R.[Muhammad Rizwan], Chun, Q.[Qi], Hussain, S.[Sajid], Fareed, M.S.[Muhammad Sadiq], Khan, S.[Subhan],
Multinational vehicle license plate detection in complex backgrounds,
JVCIR(46), No. 1, 2017, pp. 176-186.
Elsevier DOI 1706
License, plate, detection BibRef

Yuan, Y., Zou, W., Zhao, Y., Wang, X., Hu, X., Komodakis, N.,
A Robust and Efficient Approach to License Plate Detection,
IP(26), No. 3, March 2017, pp. 1102-1114.
IEEE DOI 1703
image capture BibRef

Saini, M.K.[Manish Kumar], Saini, S.[Sumit],
Multiwavelet transform based license plate detection,
JVCIR(44), No. 1, 2017, pp. 128-138.
Elsevier DOI 1703
License plate detection BibRef

Türkyilmaz, I.[Ibrahim], Kaçan, K.[Kirami],
License Plate Recognition System Using Artificial Neural Networks,
ETRI(39), No. 2, April 2017, pp. 163-172.
DOI Link 1704
BibRef

Panahi, R., Gholampour, I.,
Accurate Detection and Recognition of Dirty Vehicle Plate Numbers for High-Speed Applications,
ITS(18), No. 4, April 2017, pp. 767-779.
IEEE DOI 1704
Algorithm design and analysis BibRef

Kim, D.[Daehun], Ku, B.[Bonhwa], Han, D.K.[David K.], Ko, H.S.[Han-Seok],
License Plate Detection and Character Segmentation Using Adaptive Binarization Based on Superpixels under Illumination Change,
IEICE(E100-D), No. 6, June 2017, pp. 1384-1387.
WWW Link. 1706
BibRef

Lee, Y.H.[Young-Hyun], Song, T.[Taeyup], Ku, B.[Bonhwa], Jeon, S.S.[Seoung-Seon], Han, D.K., Ko, H.S.[Han-Seok],
License Plate Detection Using Local Structure Patterns,
AVSS10(574-579).
IEEE DOI 1009
BibRef

Bulan, O., Kozitsky, V., Ramesh, P., Shreve, M.,
Segmentation- and Annotation-Free License Plate Recognition With Deep Localization and Failure Identification,
ITS(18), No. 9, September 2017, pp. 2351-2363.
IEEE DOI 1709
neural nets, optical character recognition, plate localization, plate-layout variation, BibRef

Wang, Y., Bialkowski, K.S., Pretorius, A.J., du Plooy, A.G.W., Abbosh, A.M.,
In-Road Microwave Sensor for Electronic Vehicle Identification and Tracking: Link Budget Analysis and Antenna Prototype,
ITS(19), No. 1, January 2018, pp. 123-128.
IEEE DOI 1801
Antenna radiation patterns, Licenses, Microwave sensors, Radiofrequency identification, Roads, Signal to noise ratio, microwave traffic sensor BibRef

Khan, M.A.[Muhammad Attique], Sharif, M.[Muhammad], Javed, M.Y.[Muhammad Younus], Akram, T.[Tallha], Yasmin, M.[Mussarat], Saba, T.[Tanzila],
License number plate recognition system using entropy-based features selection approach with SVM,
IET-IPR(12), No. 2, February 2018, pp. 200-209.
DOI Link 1801
BibRef

Xie, L., Ahmad, T., Jin, L., Liu, Y., Zhang, S.,
A New CNN-Based Method for Multi-Directional Car License Plate Detection,
ITS(19), No. 2, February 2018, pp. 507-517.
IEEE DOI 1802
Automobiles, Computational modeling, Feature extraction, Licenses, Training, License plate detection, MD-YOLO, multi-direction BibRef

Li, H.[Hui], Wang, P.[Peng], You, M.Y.[Ming-Yu], Shen, C.H.[Chun-Hua],
Reading car license plates using deep neural networks,
IVC(72), 2018, pp. 14-23.
Elsevier DOI 1804
Car plate detection and recognition, Convolutional neural networks, Recurrent neural networks, LSTM BibRef

Zhao, Y.T.[You-Ting], Yu, Z.[Zhi], Li, X.Y.[Xi-Ying],
Evaluation methodology for license plate recognition systems and experimental results,
IET-ITS(12), No. 5, June 2018, pp. 375-385.
DOI Link 1805
BibRef

Negri, P.[Pablo],
A MATLAB SMO Implementation to Train a SVM Classifier: Application to Multi-Style License Plate Numbers Recognition,
IPOL(8), 2018, pp. 51-70.
DOI Link 1806
BibRef

Yepez, J.[Juan], Ko, S.B.[Seok-Bum],
Improved license plate localisation algorithm based on morphological operations,
IET-ITS(12), No. 6, August 2018, pp. 542-549.
DOI Link 1807
BibRef

Raghunandan, K.S., Shivakumara, P., Jalab, H.A., Ibrahim, R.W., Kumar, G.H., Pal, U., Lu, T.,
Riesz Fractional Based Model for Enhancing License Plate Detection and Recognition,
CirSysVideo(28), No. 9, September 2018, pp. 2276-2288.
IEEE DOI 1809
Licenses, Text recognition, Image edge detection, Robustness, Image resolution, Lighting, Low quality images, enhancement model, license plate recognition BibRef

Shao, W., Chen, L.,
License Plate Recognition Data-Based Traffic Volume Estimation Using Collaborative Tensor Decomposition,
ITS(19), No. 11, November 2018, pp. 3439-3448.
IEEE DOI 1812
estimation theory, image recognition, matrix decomposition, road traffic, sparse matrices, tensors, urban data BibRef

Montero, V.J.[Vince Jebryl], Jeong, Y.J.[Yong-Jin],
Development of License Plate Recognition on Complex Scene with Plate-Style Classification and Confidence Scoring Based on KNN,
IEICE(E101-D), No. 12, December 2018, pp. 3181-3189.
WWW Link. 1812
BibRef

Li, H., Wang, P., Shen, C.,
Toward End-to-End Car License Plate Detection and Recognition With Deep Neural Networks,
ITS(20), No. 3, March 2019, pp. 1126-1136.
IEEE DOI 1903
Licenses, Text recognition, Character recognition, Image edge detection, Feature extraction, Task analysis, recurrent neural networks BibRef

Min, W.D.[Wei-Dong], Li, X.P.[Xiang-Peng], Wang, Q.[Qi], Zeng, Q.P.[Qing-Peng], Liao, Y.Q.[Yan-Qiu],
New approach to vehicle license plate location based on new model YOLO-L and plate pre-identification,
IET-IPR(13), No. 7, 30 May 2019, pp. 1041-1049.
DOI Link 1906
BibRef

Arafat, M.Y.[Md Yeasir], Khairuddin, A.S.M.[Anis Salwa Mohd], Khairuddin, U.[Uswah], Paramesran, R.[Raveendran],
Systematic review on vehicular licence plate recognition framework in intelligent transport systems,
IET-ITS(13), No. 5, May 2019, pp. 745-755.
DOI Link 1906
Survay, License Plates. BibRef

Molina-Moreno, M., González-Díaz, I., Díaz-de-María, F.,
Efficient Scale-Adaptive License Plate Detection System,
ITS(20), No. 6, June 2019, pp. 2109-2121.
IEEE DOI 1906
Licenses, Detectors, Feature extraction, Deformable models, Lighting, Robustness, Image edge detection, License plate detection, video surveillance BibRef

Liu, C., Chang, F.,
Hybrid Cascade Structure for License Plate Detection in Large Visual Surveillance Scenes,
ITS(20), No. 6, June 2019, pp. 2122-2135.
IEEE DOI 1906
Licenses, Feature extraction, Image color analysis, Detectors, Image edge detection, Surveillance, Visualization, adaptive boosing (AdaBoost) BibRef

Björklund, T.[Tomas], Fiandrotti, A.[Attilio], Annarumma, M.[Mauro], Francini, G.[Gianluca], Magli, E.[Enrico],
Robust license plate recognition using neural networks trained on synthetic images,
PR(93), 2019, pp. 134-146.
Elsevier DOI 1906
License plate recognition (LPR), Convolutional neural network (CNN), Synthetic training BibRef

Hendry, Chen, R.C.[Rung-Ching],
Automatic License Plate Recognition via sliding-window darknet-YOLO deep learning,
IVC(87), 2019, pp. 47-56.
Elsevier DOI 1906
Automatic License Plate Recognition, Deep learning, YOLO network BibRef

Yépez, J.[Juan], Castro-Zunti, R.D.[Riel D.], Ko, S.B.[Seok-Bum],
Deep learning-based embedded license plate localisation system,
IET-ITS(13), No. 10, October 2019, pp. 1569-1578.
DOI Link 1909
BibRef

Bhargav, R.[Rohit], Deshpande, P.[Parag],
Locating multiple license plates using scale, rotation, and colour-independent clustering and filtering techniques,
IET-IPR(13), No. 12, October 2019, pp. 2335-2345.
DOI Link 1911
BibRef

Al-Zawqari, A.[Ali], Hommos, O.[Omar], Al-Qahtani, A.[Abdulhadi], Farhat, A.A.H.[Ali A. H.], Bensaali, F.[Faycal], Zhai, X.J.[Xiao-Jun], Amira, A.[Abbes],
HD number plate localization and character segmentation on the Zynq heterogeneous SoC,
RealTimeIP(16), No. 6, December 2019, pp. 2351-2365.
Springer DOI 1912
BibRef

Wu, S.L.[Shi-Lian], Zhai, W.[Wei], Cao, Y.[Yang],
PixTextGAN: structure aware text image synthesis for license plate recognition,
IET-IPR(13), No. 14, 12 December 2019, pp. 2744-2752.
DOI Link 1912
BibRef

Selmi, Z.[Zied], Ben Halima, M.[Mohamed], Pal, U.[Umapada], Alimi, M.A.[M. Adel],
DELP-DAR system for license plate detection and recognition,
PRL(129), 2020, pp. 213-223.
Elsevier DOI 2001
LP detection, LP recognition, Deep learning, Mask R-CNN BibRef

Al-Shemarry, M.S., Li, Y., Abdulla, S.,
An Efficient Texture Descriptor for the Detection of License Plates From Vehicle Images in Difficult Conditions,
ITS(21), No. 2, February 2020, pp. 553-564.
IEEE DOI 2002
Feature extraction, Training, Licenses, Image color analysis, Lighting, Histograms, Robustness, Extreme learning machine, license plate detection BibRef

Wang, D.[Di], Tian, Y.[Yumin], Geng, W.H.[Wen-Hui], Zhao, L.[Lin], Gong, C.[Chen],
LPR-Net: Recognizing Chinese license plate in complex environments,
PRL(130), 2020, pp. 148-156.
Elsevier DOI 2002
License plate recognition, Deep neural network, License plate location, Character segmentation, Character recognition BibRef

Hu, X.[Xun], Li, H.[Hong], Li, X.R.[Xin-Rong], Wang, C.[Chiyu],
MobileNet-SSD MicroScope using adaptive error correction algorithm: real-time detection of license plates on mobile devices,
IET-ITS(14), No. 2, February 2020, pp. 110-118.
DOI Link 2002
BibRef

Castro-Zunti, R.D.[Riel D.], Yépez, J.[Juan], Ko, S.B.[Seok-Bum],
License plate segmentation and recognition system using deep learning and OpenVINO,
IET-ITS(14), No. 2, February 2020, pp. 119-126.
DOI Link 2002
BibRef

Gao, F.[Fei], Xu, Y.J.[Yun-Jing], Ge, Y.[Yisu], Lu, S.F.[Shu-Fang], Zhang, Y.M.[Yuan-Ming],
Property-based shadow detection and removal method for licence plate image,
IET-IPR(14), No. 7, 29 May 2020, pp. 1415-1425.
DOI Link 2005
BibRef

Arafat, M.Y.[Md Yeasir], Khairuddin, A.S.M.[Anis Salwa Mohd], Paramesran, R.[Raveendran],
Connected component analysis integrated edge based technique for automatic vehicular license plate recognition framework,
IET-ITS(14), No. 7, July 2020, pp. 712-723.
DOI Link 2006
BibRef

Gao, F.[Fei], Cai, Y.C.[Yi-Chao], Ge, Y.[Yisu], Lu, S.F.[Shu-Fang],
EDF-LPR: a new encoder-decoder framework for license plate recognition,
IET-ITS(14), No. 8, August 2020, pp. 959-969.
DOI Link 2007
BibRef

Chen, S., Yang, C., Ma, J., Chen, F., Yin, X.,
Simultaneous End-to-End Vehicle and License Plate Detection With Multi-Branch Attention Neural Network,
ITS(21), No. 9, September 2020, pp. 3686-3695.
IEEE DOI 2008
Licenses, Feature extraction, Vehicle detection, Neural networks, Task analysis, Object detection, Proposals, Vehicle detection, attention BibRef

Silva, S.M.[Sergio Montazzolli], Jung, C.R.[Claudio Rosito],
Real-time license plate detection and recognition using deep convolutional neural networks,
JVCIR(71), 2020, pp. 102773.
Elsevier DOI 2009
Convolutional neural networks, License plate, Deep learning BibRef

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A new Fractal Series Expansion based enhancement model for license plate recognition,
SP:IC(89), 2020, pp. 115958.
Elsevier DOI 2010
Enhancement, License plate detection, Fractional calculus, Fractal Series, License plate recognition BibRef

Chowdhury, P.N.[Pinaki Nath], Shivakumara, P.[Palaiahnakote], Kanchan, S.[Swati], Raghavendra, R.[Ramachandra], Pal, U.[Umapada], Lu, T.[Tong], Lopresti, D.[Daniel],
Graph attention network for detecting license plates in crowded street scenes,
PRL(140), 2020, pp. 18-25.
Elsevier DOI 2012
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Qin, S.X.[Shu-Xin], Liu, S.J.[Si-Jiang],
Efficient and unified license plate recognition via lightweight deep neural network,
IET-IPR(14), No. 16, 19 December 2020, pp. 4102-4109.
DOI Link 2103
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Sun, Y.C.[Yu-Chao], Peng, Q.[Qiao], Zhang, D.Y.[Deng-Yin],
Light-YOLOv3: License Plate Detection in Multi-Vehicle Scenario,
IEICE(E104-D), No. 5, May 2021, pp. 723-728.
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Jin, X.L.[Xian-Li], Tang, R.C.[Ruo-Cong], Liu, L.F.[Lin-Feng], Wu, J.G.[Jia-Gao],
Vehicle license plate recognition for fog-haze environments,
IET-IPR(15), No. 6, 2021, pp. 1273-1284.
DOI Link 2106
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Laroca, R.[Rayson], Zanlorensi, L.A.[Luiz A.], Gonçalves, G.R.[Gabriel R.], Todt, E.[Eduardo], Schwartz, W.R.[William Robson], Menotti, D.[David],
An efficient and layout-independent automatic license plate recognition system based on the YOLO detector,
IET-ITS(15), No. 4, 2021, pp. 483-503.
DOI Link 2106
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Mokayed, H.[Hamam], Shivakumara, P.[Palaiahnakote], Woon, H.H.[Hon Hock], Kankanhalli, M.[Mohan], Lu, T.[Tong], Pal, U.[Umapada],
A new DCT-PCM method for license plate number detection in drone images,
PRL(148), 2021, pp. 45-53.
Elsevier DOI 2107
Discrete cosine transform, Phase congruency, License plate detection, Scene text detection, Deep learning, Drone images BibRef

Lin, M.F.[Mian-Fen], Liu, L.X.[Liang-Xin], Wang, F.[Fei], Li, J.C.[Jing-Cong], Pan, J.H.[Jia-Hui],
License Plate Image Reconstruction Based on Generative Adversarial Networks,
RS(13), No. 15, 2021, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2108
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Akpojotor, P.[Princewill], Adetunmbi, A.[Adebayo], Alese, B.[Boniface], Oluwatope, A.[Ayodeji],
Automatic license plate recognition on microprocessors and custom computing platforms: A review,
IET-IPR(15), No. 12, 2021, pp. 2717-2735.
DOI Link 2109
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Pervej, M.[Masud], Das, S.[Sabuj], Hossain, M.P.[Md. Parvez], Atikuzzaman, M., Mahin, M., Rahaman, M.A.[Muhammad Aminur],
Real-Time Computer Vision-Based Bangla Vehicle License Plate Recognition using Contour Analysis and Prediction Algorithm,
IJIG(21), No. 4, October 2021 2021, pp. 2150042.
DOI Link 2110
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Yépez, J.[Juan], Castro-Zunti, R.[Riel], Choi, Y.[Younhee], Ko, S.B.[Seok-Bum],
Real-time CVSA decals recognition system using deep convolutional neural network architectures,
IET-ITS(15), No. 11, 2021, pp. 1359-1371.
DOI Link 2110
Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance. Inspection stickers. BibRef

Huang, Q.Y.[Qiu-Ying], Cai, Z.C.[Zhan-Chuan], Lan, T.[Ting],
A New Approach for Character Recognition of Multi-Style Vehicle License Plates,
MultMed(23), 2021, pp. 3768-3777.
IEEE DOI 2110
Licenses, Optical character recognition software, Character recognition, Feature extraction, Proposals, mask region-based convolutional neural network BibRef

Zhang, L.J.[Lin-Jiang], Wang, P.[Peng], Li, H.[Hui], Li, Z.[Zhen], Shen, C.H.[Chun-Hua], Zhang, Y.N.[Yan-Ning],
A Robust Attentional Framework for License Plate Recognition in the Wild,
ITS(22), No. 11, November 2021, pp. 6967-6976.
IEEE DOI 2112
Licenses, Image recognition, Character recognition, Feature extraction, generative adversarial networks BibRef

Chen, C.L.P.[C. L. Philip], Wang, B.S.[Bing-Shu],
Random-Positioned License Plate Recognition Using Hybrid Broad Learning System and Convolutional Networks,
ITS(23), No. 1, January 2022, pp. 444-456.
IEEE DOI 2201
Licenses, Feature extraction, Character recognition, Learning systems, Object detection, Image color analysis, license plate recognition BibRef

Wang, B.S.[Bing-Shu], Xiao, H.L.[Hong-Li], Zheng, J.B.[Jiang-Bin], Yu, D.X.[Deng-Xiu], Chen, C.L.P.[C. L. Philip],
Character Segmentation and Recognition of Variable-Length License Plates Using ROI Detection and Broad Learning System,
RS(14), No. 7, 2022, pp. xx-yy.
DOI Link 2205
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Xu, H.[Hui], Zhou, X.D.[Xiang-Dong], Li, Z.H.[Zheng-Hao], Liu, L.C.[Liang-Chen], Li, C.J.[Chao-Jie], Shi, Y.[Yu],
EILPR: Toward End-to-End Irregular License Plate Recognition Based on Automatic Perspective Alignment,
ITS(23), No. 3, March 2022, pp. 2586-2595.
IEEE DOI 2203
Feature extraction, Text recognition, Licenses, Character recognition, Strain, Image recognition, end-to-end training BibRef

Zhang, W.G.[Wei-Guo], Lu, J.Q.[Jia-Qi], Zhang, J.[Jing], Li, X.W.[Xue-Wen], Zhao, Q.[Qi],
Research on the Algorithm of License Plate Recognition Based on MPGAN Haze Weather,
IEICE(E105-D), No. 5, May 2022, pp. 1085-1093.
WWW Link. 2205
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Silva, S.M.[Sérgio Montazzolli], Jung, C.R.[Cláudio Rosito],
A Flexible Approach for Automatic License Plate Recognition in Unconstrained Scenarios,
ITS(23), No. 6, June 2022, pp. 5693-5703.
IEEE DOI 2206
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License Plate Detection and Recognition in Unconstrained Scenarios,
ECCV18(XII: 593-609).
Springer DOI 1810
Task analysis, Optical character recognition software, Licenses, Location awareness, Character recognition, deep learning BibRef

Gong, Y.X.[Yan-Xiang], Deng, L.J.[Lin-Jie], Tao, S.[Shuai], Lu, X.C.[Xin-Chen], Wu, P.[Peicheng], Xie, Z.W.[Zhi-Wei], Ma, Z.[Zheng], Xie, M.[Mei],
Unified Chinese License Plate detection and recognition with high efficiency,
JVCIR(86), 2022, pp. 103541.
Elsevier DOI 2206
Chinese license plate dataset, License plate detection and recognition, End-to-end, Real-time BibRef

Chen, B.H.[Bo-Hao], Ye, S.T.[Shi-Ting], Yin, J.L.[Jia-Li], Cheng, H.Y.[Hsiang-Yin], Chen, D.W.[De-Wang],
Deep Trident Decomposition Network for Single License Plate Image Glare Removal,
ITS(23), No. 7, July 2022, pp. 6596-6607.
IEEE DOI 2207
Sun, Rain, Licenses, Atmospheric modeling, Computer science, Shape, Photography, Glare removal, license plate, decomposition network, atmospheric obscuration BibRef

Ye, S.T.[Shi-Ting], Yin, J.L.[Jia-Li], Chen, B.H.[Bo-Hao], Chen, D.W.[De-Wang], Wu, Y.B.[Yun-Bing],
Single Image Glare Removal Using Deep Convolutional Networks,
ICIP20(201-205)
IEEE DOI 2011
Decoding, Training, Rain, Testing, Atmospheric modeling, Image recognition, Text recognition, Glare removal, electronic toll collection BibRef

Wang, Y.[Yi], Bian, Z.P.[Zhen-Peng], Zhou, Y.H.[Yun-Hao], Chau, L.P.[Lap-Pui],
Rethinking and Designing a High-Performing Automatic License Plate Recognition Approach,
ITS(23), No. 7, July 2022, pp. 8868-8880.
IEEE DOI 2207
Character recognition, Feature extraction, Licenses, Optical character recognition software, Image recognition, real-time system BibRef

Lin, Q.H.[Qing-Hai], Chen, J.Y.[Jin-Yong], Li, G.L.[Gui-Long], He, Z.C.[Zhao-Cheng],
Signal timing parameters inference method at intersections using license plate recognition data,
IET-ITS(16), No. 8, 2022, pp. 1092-1107.
DOI Link 2207
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Lee, Y.[Younkwan], Jeon, J.[Jihyo], Ko, Y.[Yeongmin], Jeon, M.[Moongu], Pedrycz, W.[Witold],
License Plate Detection via Information Maximization,
ITS(23), No. 9, September 2022, pp. 14908-14921.
IEEE DOI 2209
Licenses, Benchmark testing, Feature extraction, Detectors, Deep learning, Annotations, Task analysis, License plate detection, intelligent traffic surveillance BibRef

Fan, X.D.[Xu-Dong], Zhao, W.[Wei],
Improving Robustness of License Plates Automatic Recognition in Natural Scenes,
ITS(23), No. 10, October 2022, pp. 18845-18854.
IEEE DOI 2210
License plate recognition, Character recognition, Heating systems, Optical character recognition software, convolutional neural networks BibRef

Pan, X.[Xiuqin], Li, S.[Sumin], Li, R.X.[Rui-Xiang], Sun, N.[Na],
A Hybrid Deep Learning Algorithm for the License Plate Detection and Recognition in Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications,
ITS(23), No. 12, December 2022, pp. 23447-23458.
IEEE DOI 2212
License plate recognition, Deep learning, Target recognition, Image recognition, Sensors, Character recognition, Cameras, CRNN BibRef

Liu, D.K.[De-Kang], Cao, J.W.[Jiu-Wen], Wang, T.L.[Tian-Lei], Wu, H.H.[Hua-Hua], Wang, J.Z.[Jian-Zhong], Tian, J.M.[Jiang-Min], Xu, F.Y.[Fang-Yong],
SLPR: A Deep Learning Based Chinese Ship License Plate Recognition Framework,
ITS(23), No. 12, December 2022, pp. 23831-23843.
IEEE DOI 2212
Marine vehicles, Text recognition, License plate recognition, Feature extraction, Deep learning, Task analysis, deep learning BibRef

Wang, Q.[Qi], Lu, X.C.[Xiao-Cheng], Zhang, C.[Cong], Yuan, Y.[Yuan], Li, X.L.[Xue-Long],
LSV-LP: Large-Scale Video-Based License Plate Detection and Recognition,
PAMI(45), No. 1, January 2023, pp. 752-767.
IEEE DOI 2212
Licenses, Meteorology, Feature extraction, Convolutional neural networks, Task analysis, license plate recognition BibRef

Shvai, N.[Nadiya], Hasnat, A.[Abul], Nakib, A.[Amir],
Multiple auxiliary classifiers GAN for controllable image generation: Application to license plate recognition,
IET-ITS(17), No. 1, 2023, pp. 243-254.
DOI Link 2301
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Zhou, X.[Xin], Cheng, Y.[Yao], Jiang, L.[Liling], Ning, B.[Bo], Wang, Y.[Yanhao],
FAFEnet: A fast and accurate model for automatic license plate detection and recognition,
IET-IPR(17), No. 3, 2023, pp. 807-818.
DOI Link 2303
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Wu, H.H.[Hua-Hua], Chen, J.G.[Jia-Gui], Wang, T.L.[Tian-Lei], Lai, X.P.[Xiao-Ping], Cao, J.W.[Jiu-Wen],
Ship License Plate Super-Resolution in the Wild,
SPLetters(30), 2023, pp. 394-398.
IEEE DOI 2305
Feature extraction, Generators, Degradation, Marine vehicles, Convolution, Training, Signal processing algorithms, gradient loss BibRef

Gao, Y.L.[Yi-Lin], Lu, H.J.[Heng-Jie], Mu, S.Y.[Shi-Yi], Xu, S.G.[Shu-Gong],
GroupPlate: Toward Multi-Category License Plate Recognition,
ITS(24), No. 5, May 2023, pp. 5586-5599.
IEEE DOI 2305
License plate recognition, Feature extraction, Licenses, Character recognition, Annotations, Text recognition, license plate dataset BibRef

Jiang, Y.[Yu], Jiang, F.[Feng], Luo, H.Y.[Hui-Yin], Lin, H.Y.[Hong-Yu], Yao, J.[Jian], Liu, J.X.[Jia-Xin], Ren, J.[Jia],
An Efficient and Unified Recognition Method for Multiple License Plates in Unconstrained Scenarios,
ITS(24), No. 5, May 2023, pp. 5376-5389.
IEEE DOI 2305
License plate recognition, Character recognition, Feature extraction, Image segmentation, Licenses, license plate detection and recognition BibRef

Ke, X.[Xiao], Zeng, G.[Ganxiong], Guo, W.Z.[Wen-Zhong],
An Ultra-Fast Automatic License Plate Recognition Approach for Unconstrained Scenarios,
ITS(24), No. 5, May 2023, pp. 5172-5185.
IEEE DOI 2305
License plate recognition, Image recognition, Feature extraction, Object detection, Licenses, Character recognition, Task analysis, data augmentation BibRef

Pan, S.[Sen], Chen, S.B.[Si-Bao], Luo, B.[Bin],
A super-resolution-based license plate recognition method for remote surveillance,
JVCIR(94), 2023, pp. 103844.
Elsevier DOI 2306
License plate recognition, Super-resolution, Remote surveillance, Neural network, Deep learning BibRef

Ding, H.X.[Hao-Xuan], Gao, J.Y.[Jun-Yu], Yuan, Y.[Yuan], Wang, Q.[Qi],
Boosting One-Stage License Plate Detector via Self-Constrained Contrastive Aggregation,
CirSysVideo(33), No. 8, August 2023, pp. 4204-4216.
IEEE DOI 2308
Feature extraction, Detectors, Training, Supervised learning, License plate recognition, Task analysis, Aggregates, feature aggregation BibRef

Schirrmacher, F.[Franziska], Lorch, B.[Benedikt], Maier, A.[Anatol], Riess, C.[Christian],
Benchmarking Probabilistic Deep Learning Methods for License Plate Recognition,
ITS(24), No. 9, September 2023, pp. 9203-9216.
IEEE DOI 2310
BibRef

Li, C.L.[Cheng-Long], Yang, X.B.[Xia-Bin], Wang, G.H.[Guo-Hao], Zheng, A.[Aihua], Tan, C.[Chang], Tang, J.[Jin],
Disentangled generation network for enlarged license plate recognition and a unified dataset,
CVIU(238), 2024, pp. 103880.
Elsevier DOI 2312
Text recognition, Enlarged license plate, Disentangled generation, Generative adversarial network, Benchmark dataset BibRef

Kim, D.[Dogun], Kim, J.[Jin], Park, E.[Eunil],
AFA-Net: Adaptive Feature Attention Network in image deblurring and super-resolution for improving license plate recognition,
CVIU(238), 2024, pp. 103879.
Elsevier DOI 2312
Super resolution, Image deblurring, License plate recognition BibRef

Ding, H.X.[Hao-Xuan], Gao, J.Y.[Jun-Yu], Yuan, Y.[Yuan], Wang, Q.[Qi],
An End-to-End Contrastive License Plate Detector,
ITS(25), No. 1, January 2024, pp. 503-516.
IEEE DOI 2402
Detectors, Feature extraction, Task analysis, License plate recognition, Visualization, Object detection, feature aggregation BibRef

Xu, F.[Fan], Chen, C.[Chuibin], Shang, Z.[Zhigao], Peng, Y.Q.[Yu-Qing], Li, X.B.[Xin-Bao],
A CRNN-based method for Chinese ship license plate recognition,
IET-IPR(18), No. 2, 2024, pp. 298-311.
DOI Link 2402
character recognition, image enhancement, learning (artificial intelligence) BibRef

Zhu, S.[Shuo], Wang, Y.[Yu], Wang, Z.[Zongyang],
A lightweight license plate detection algorithm based on deep learning,
IET-IPR(18), No. 2, 2024, pp. 403-411.
DOI Link 2402
image processing, neural nets, pattern recognition BibRef

Zhou, C.[Chunyi], Liu, D.K.[De-Kang], Wang, T.L.[Tian-Lei], Tian, J.M.[Jiang-Min], Cao, J.W.[Jiu-Wen],
M3ANet: Multi-Modal and Multi-Attention Fusion Network for Ship License Plate Recognition,
MultMed(26), 2024, pp. 5976-5986.
IEEE DOI 2404
Marine vehicles, Text recognition, Visualization, License plate recognition, Feature extraction, Semantics, Decoding, multi-modal and multi-attention fusion network (M_3 ANet) BibRef

Li, A.[Ang], Lam, W.H.K.[William H. K.], Ma, W.[Wei], Chow, A.H.F.[Andy H. F.], Wong, S.C.[Sze-Chun], Tam, M.L.[Mei Lam],
Filtering Limited Automatic Vehicle Identification Data for Real-Time Path Travel Time Estimation Without Ground Truth,
ITS(25), No. 6, June 2024, pp. 4849-4861.
IEEE DOI 2406
Real-time systems, Estimation, Filtering, Filtering algorithms, Urban areas, Training, Data filtering, advanced traveler information systems BibRef

Liu, Q.[Qi], Chen, S.L.[Song-Lu], Chen, Y.X.[Yu-Xiang], Yin, X.C.[Xu-Cheng],
Improving license plate recognition via diverse stylistic plate generation,
PRL(183), 2024, pp. 117-124.
Elsevier DOI 2406
License plate generation, Diverse style generation, License plate recognition BibRef

Ding, H.X.[Hao-Xuan], Gao, J.Y.[Jun-Yu], Yuan, Y.[Yuan], Wang, Q.[Qi],
FF-LPD: A Real-Time Frame-by-Frame License Plate Detector With Knowledge Distillation and Feature Propagation,
IP(33), 2024, pp. 3893-3906.
IEEE DOI 2407
Feature extraction, Real-time systems, Detectors, Streaming media, Accuracy, Iron, Training, Automatic license plate detection, spatial-temporal attention BibRef

He, C.G.[Chun-Guang], Wang, D.H.[Dian-Hai], Cai, Z.Y.[Zheng-Yi], Zeng, J.Q.[Jia-Qi], Fu, F.J.[Feng-Jie],
A Vehicle Matching Algorithm by Maximizing Travel Time Probability Based on Automatic License Plate Recognition Data,
ITS(25), No. 8, August 2024, pp. 9103-9114.
IEEE DOI 2408
License plate recognition, Roads, Estimation, Probability, Detectors, Traffic control, Data models, Vehicle reidentification, travel time probability BibRef

Gao, Y.L.[Yi-Lin], Mu, S.Y.[Shi-Yi], Xu, S.G.[Shu-Gong],
Toward Unified End-to-End License Plate Detection and Recognition for Variable Resolution Requirements,
ITS(25), No. 9, September 2024, pp. 10689-10701.
IEEE DOI 2409
License plate recognition, Detectors, Image recognition, Feature extraction, Crops, Head, Text recognition, End-to-end BibRef

Liu, Q.[Qi], Liu, Y.[Yan], Chen, S.L.[Song-Lu], Zhang, T.H.[Tian-Hao], Chen, F.[Feng], Yin, X.C.[Xu-Cheng],
Improving Multi-Type License Plate Recognition via Learning Globally and Contrastively,
ITS(25), No. 9, September 2024, pp. 11092-11102.
IEEE DOI 2409
License plate recognition, Feature extraction, Layout, Character recognition, Visualization, Self-supervised learning, attention mechanism BibRef

Yang, S.Y.[Sheng-Ying], Zhang, Z.H.[Zhi-Hao], Shi, W.B.[Wen-Bin], Feng, B.Y.[Bo-Yang], Hua, Y.Z.[Yong-Zhu], Lei, J.S.[Jing-Sheng],
SvRetina-LPD: A Sliding Vertex-Based RetinaNet for Robust Multi-Oriented License Plate Detection,
ITS(25), No. 11, November 2024, pp. 16421-16434.
IEEE DOI 2411
License plate recognition, Feature extraction, Accuracy, Licenses, Lighting, Training, Prediction algorithms, License plate detection, anchor-based method BibRef

Peng, Z.X.[Zhong-Xing], Gao, Y.L.[Yi-Lin], Mu, S.Y.[Shi-Yi], Xu, S.G.[Shu-Gong],
Toward Reliable License Plate Detection in Varied Contexts: Overcoming the Issue of Undersized Plate Annotations,
ITS(25), No. 11, November 2024, pp. 18107-18121.
IEEE DOI 2411
License plate recognition, Detectors, Annotations, Task analysis, Feature extraction, Robustness, Head, License plate detection, semi-supervised learning BibRef

Wei, C.[Chao], Han, F.[Fei], Fan, Z.Z.[Zi-Zhu], Shi, L.[Linrui], Peng, C.[Cheng],
Efficient license plate recognition in unconstrained scenarios,
JVCIR(104), 2024, pp. 104314.
Elsevier DOI Code:
WWW Link. 2411
License plate detection, License plate recognition, Efficient detection, Deep learning BibRef

Hua, L.[Liru], Ma, X.[Xinyi], Zhao, C.[Chihang], Zhang, B.L.[Bai-Ling], Su, Z.J.[Zi-Jun], Wu, Y.H.[Yu-Hang],
Recognition of vehicle license plates in highway scenes with deep fusion network and connectionist temporal classification,
IET-IPR(18), No. 13, 2024, pp. 4066-4080.
DOI Link 2411
image classification, image recognition, neural nets, pattern recognition BibRef

Nasim, H.I.[Hamim Ibne], Printia, F.J.[Fateha Jannat], Himel, M.H.[Mahamudul Hasan], Rashid, R.[Rubaba], Chowdhury, I.J.[Iffat Jahan], Mondal, J.J.[Joyanta Jyoti], Islam, M.F.[Md. Farhadul], Noor, J.[Jannatun],
Fog-Resilient Bangla Car Plate Recognition Using Dark Channel Prior and YOLO,
LowLanguage24(1110-1119)
IEEE DOI 2404
YOLO, Location awareness, Rain, Text recognition, Law enforcement, Transportation, Safety BibRef

Garcia-Bordils, S.[Sergi], Karatzas, D.[Dimosthenis], Rusiñol, M.[Marçal],
STEP - Towards Structured Scene-Text Spotting,
WACV24(872-881)
IEEE DOI Code:
WWW Link. 2404
Training, Codes, Task analysis, License plate recognition, Algorithms, Image recognition and understanding, Algorithms, and algorithms BibRef

Laroca, R.[Rayson], Zanlorensi, L.A.[Luiz A.], Estevam, V.[Valter], Minetto, R.[Rodrigo], Menotti, D.[David],
Leveraging Model Fusion for Improved License Plate Recognition,
CIARP23(II:60-75).
Springer DOI 2312
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Bakshi, A.[Akshay], Udmale, S.S.[Sandeep S.],
Alpr: A Method for Identifying License Plates Using Sequential Information,
CAIP23(I:284-294).
Springer DOI 2312
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Yang, X.R.[Xiao-Rui], Zhang, B.[Bo], Lien, K.C.[Kuo-Chin],
SATPlate: A Germany License Plate Detection Dataset and Baselines,
ICIP23(3329-3333)
IEEE DOI 2312
BibRef

Ma, T.[Tian], Liu, Z.[Zhen], Si, Y.[Yuge], Fu, C.[Chenhui],
PSA-YOLO: License Plate Detection Method Based on Pyramid Segmentation Attention in Complex Scenes,
ICIVC22(238-243)
IEEE DOI 2301
Head, Fuses, Superresolution, Object detection, Interference, Licenses, Transformers, license plate, PSA, detection, YOLO, attention BibRef

Kumar, A.[Amish], Shivakumara, P.[Palaiahnakote], Chowdhury, P.N.[Pinaki Nath], Pal, U.[Umapada], Liu, C.L.[Cheng-Lin],
DPAM: A New Deep Parallel Attention Model for Multiple License Plate Number Recognition,
ICPR22(1485-1491)
IEEE DOI 2212
Image recognition, Correlation, Shape, Semantics, Parallel processing, Feature extraction, Real-time systems, License plate recognition BibRef

Zhang, Y.[Yin], Song, C.Y.[Cheng-Yun], Xue, M.L.[Ming-Long],
PSND: A Robust Parking Space Number Detector,
ICPR22(1742-1748)
IEEE DOI 2212
Text recognition, Detectors, Benchmark testing, Feature extraction, Real-time systems, Standards, License plate recognition, Autonomous Driving BibRef

Moussa, D.[Denise], Maier, A.[Anatol], Spruck, A.[Andreas], Seiler, J.[Jürgen], Riess, C.[Christian],
Forensic License Plate Recognition with Compression-Informed Transformers,
ICIP22(406-410)
IEEE DOI 2211
Degradation, Image coding, Image recognition, Forensics, Surveillance, Transformers, Cameras, License Plate Recognition, Image Forensics BibRef

Boby, A.[Alden], Brown, D.[Dane],
Improving Licence Plate Detection Using Generative Adversarial Networks,
IbPRIA22(588-601).
Springer DOI 2205
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Ashrafee, A.[Alif], Khan, A.M.[Akib Mohammed], Irbaz, M.S.[Mohammad Sabik], Nasim, M.A.A.[Md Abdullah Al],
Real-time Bangla License Plate Recognition System for Low Resource Video-based Applications,
RWSurvil22(479-488)
IEEE DOI 2202
Image recognition, Conferences, Pipelines, Focusing, Licenses, Streaming media BibRef

Ali, S.T.A.[Syed Talha Abid], Usama, A.H.[Abdul Hakeem], Khan, I.R.[Ishtiaq Rasool], Khan, M.M.[Muhammad Murtaza], Siddiq, A.[Asif],
Mobile Registration Number Plate Recognition Using Artificial Intelligence,
ICIP21(944-948)
IEEE DOI 2201
Training, Pressing, Licenses, Cameras, Real-time systems, Sensor systems, Sensors, Intelligent Transportation System (ITS), Connected Component Analysis(CCA) BibRef

Tourani, A.[Ali], Soroori, S.[Sajjad], Shahbahrami, A.[Asadollah], Akoushideh, A.[Alireza],
Iranis: A Large-scale Dataset of Iranian Vehicles License Plate Characters,
IPRIA21(1-5)
IEEE DOI 2201
Training, Deep learning, Visualization, Surveillance, Licenses, Cameras, dataset, Iranian license plate, deep learning, Farsi/Arabic character BibRef

Shomee, H.H.[Homaira Huda], Sams, A.[Ataher],
License Plate Detection and Recognition System for All Types of Bangladeshi Vehicles Using Multi-step Deep Learning Model,
DICTA21(01-07)
IEEE DOI 2201
Deep learning, Image quality, Image segmentation, Image recognition, Image resolution, Computational modeling, YOLO BibRef

Moussa, D.[Denise], Maier, A.[Anatol], Schirrmacher, F.[Franziska], Riess, C.[Christian],
Sequence-Based Recognition of License Plates with Severe Out-of-Distribution Degradations,
CAIP21(II:175-185).
Springer DOI 2112
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Xu, H.[Hui], Guo, Z.H.[Zhao-Hong], Wang, D.H.[Da-Han], Zhou, X.D.[Xiang-Dong], Shi, Y.[Yu],
2D License Plate Recognition based on Automatic Perspective Rectification,
ICPR21(202-208)
IEEE DOI 2105
Training, Text recognition, Face recognition, Licenses, Benchmark testing, Distortion, Optical character recognition software BibRef

Kaiser, P.[Paula], Schirrmacher, F.[Franziska], Lorch, B.[Benedikt], Riess, C.[Christian],
Learning to Decipher License Plates in Severely Degraded Images,
MMForWild20(544-559).
Springer DOI 2103
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Rossi, G.[Gianmaria], Fontani, M.[Marco], Milani, S.[Simone],
Neural Network for Denoising and Reading Degraded License Plates,
MMForWild20(484-499).
Springer DOI 2103
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Zhang, C., Wang, Q., Li, X.,
EQ-LPR: Efficient Quality-Aware License Plate Recognition,
ICIP20(653-657)
IEEE DOI 2011
Licenses, Videos, Streaming media, Gray-scale, Feature extraction, Image recognition, Task analysis, License Plate Recognition, Knowledge Distillation BibRef

Lee, Y., Lee, J., Ahn, H., Jeon, M.,
SNIDER: Single Noisy Image Denoising and Rectification for Improving License Plate Recognition,
RLQ19(1017-1026)
IEEE DOI 2004
convolutional neural nets, image denoising, learning (artificial intelligence), object recognition, Low Quality Image Enhancement BibRef

Tang, D.Q.[Dong-Qi], Kong, H.[Hao], Meng, X.[Xi], Liu, R.Z.[Ruo-Ze], Lu, T.[Tong],
SEE-LPR: A Semantic Segmentation Based End-to-end System for Unconstrained License Plate Detection and Recognition,
MMMod20(I:543-554).
Springer DOI 2003
BibRef

Kim, P.[Pyong_Kun], Lim, K.T.[Kil-Taek], Kim, D.[Doo_Sik],
Learning Based Character Segmentation Method for Various License Plates,
MVA19(1-6)
DOI Link 1911
character recognition, feature extraction, image segmentation, learning (artificial intelligence), Programming. BibRef

He, Y., Dong, C., Wei, Y.,
Combination of Appearance and License Plate Features for Vehicle Re-Identification,
ICIP19(3108-3112)
IEEE DOI 1910
Vehicle Re-identification, Two-Branch Network, Enhanced Triplet Loss, Bidirectional LSTM BibRef

Gupta, M., Kumar, A., Madhvanath, S.,
Zero Shot License Plate Re-Identification,
WACV19(773-781)
IEEE DOI 1904
feature extraction, image classification, image matching, image representation, image retrieval, Hamming Distance BibRef

Cao, Y., Fu, H., Ma, H.,
An End-to-End Neural Network for Multi-line License Plate Recognition,
ICPR18(3698-3703)
IEEE DOI 1812
Licenses, Feature extraction, Convolution, Character recognition, Task analysis, Convolutional neural networks, multi-line, end-to-end neural network BibRef

Meng, A., Yang, W., Xu, Z., Huang, H., Huang, L., Ying, C.,
A robust and efficient method for license plate recognition,
ICPR18(1713-1718)
IEEE DOI 1812
character recognition, image classification, image segmentation, neural nets, object recognition, traffic engineering computing, Character recognition BibRef

Xu, Z.B.[Zhen-Bo], Yang, W.[Wei], Meng, A.[Ajin], Lu, N.X.[Nan-Xue], Huang, H.[Huan], Ying, C.C.[Chang-Chun], Huang, L.S.[Liu-Sheng],
Towards End-to-End License Plate Detection and Recognition: A Large Dataset and Baseline,
ECCV18(XIII: 261-277).
Springer DOI 1810
Dataset, License Plates. BibRef

Zhuang, J.F.[Jia-Fan], Hou, S.[Saihui], Wang, Z.L.[Zi-Lei], Zha, Z.J.[Zheng-Jun],
Towards Human-Level License Plate Recognition,
ECCV18(III: 314-329).
Springer DOI 1810
BibRef

Watcharapinchai, N., Rujikietgumjorn, S.,
Approximate license plate string matching for vehicle re-identification,
AVSS17(1-6)
IEEE DOI 1806
image matching, image recognition, string matching, text analysis, traffic engineering computing, GED, Training BibRef

Španhel, J., Sochor, J., Juránek, R., Herout, A., Maršík, L., Zemcík, P.,
Holistic recognition of low quality license plates by CNN using track annotated data,
AVSS17(1-6)
IEEE DOI 1806
convolution, image annotation, image recognition, image resolution, neural nets, traffic engineering computing, CNN, Training BibRef

Hsu, G.S., Ambikapathi, A., Chung, S.L., Su, C.P.,
Robust license plate detection in the wild,
AVSS17(1-6)
IEEE DOI 1806
image recognition, parameter estimation, protocols, AOLPE database, YOLO-2, application-oriented license plate extended database, Training BibRef