23.2.2.2.3 Text Detection, Find Text in General Scenes, Color Documents

Govindaraju, V., and Srihari, S.N.,
Separating Handwritten Text from Non-Textual Interference,
FPF-II91(17-28). BibRef 9100

Zhong, Y., Karu, K., Jain, A.K.,
Locating Text in Complex Color Images,
PR(28), No. 10, October 1995, pp. 1523-1535.
WWW Version. BibRef 9510

Suen, H.M., Wang, J.F.,
Text String Extraction from Images of Color-Printed Documents,
VISP(143), No. 4, August 1996, pp. 210-216. 9611 BibRef

Suen, H.M., Wang, J.F.,
Segmentation of Uniform Colored Text from Color Graphics Background,
VISP(144), No. 6, December 1997, pp. 317-322. 9806 BibRef

Chen, W.Y.[Wei-Yuan], Chen, S.Y.[Shu-Yuan],
Adaptive Page Segmentation for Color Technical Journals' Cover Images,
IVC(16), No. 12-13, 24 August 1998, pp. 855-877.
WWW Version. BibRef 9808

Sobottka, K., Kronenberg, H., Perroud, T., Bunke, H.,
Text Extraction from Colored Book and Journal Covers,
IJDAR(2), No. 4, 1999, pp. xx-yy. 0008 BibRef

Hasan, Y.M.Y., Karam, L.J.,
Morphological Text Extraction from Images,
IP(9), No. 11, November 2000, pp. 1978-1983.
WWW Version. 0011 BibRef

Hase, H.[Hiroyuki], Shinokawa, T.[Toshiyuki], Yoneda, M.[Masaaki], Suen, C.Y.[Ching Y.],
Character string extraction from color documents,
PR(34), No. 7, July 2001, pp. 1349-1365.
WWW Version. 0105 BibRef

Hase, H., Shinokawa, T., Yoneda, M., Sakai, M., Maruyama, H.,
Character String Extraction by Multi-Stage Relaxation,
ICDAR97(Tu-2A) 9708 BibRef

Hase, H.[Hiroyuki], Yoneda, M.[Masaaki], Tokai, S.[Shogo], Kato, J.[Jien], Suen, C.Y.[Ching Y.],
Color segmentation for text extraction,
IJDAR(6), No. 4, April 2004, pp. 271-284.
WWW Version. The character color is not constant. 0406 BibRef

Jung, K.C.[Kee-Chul],
Neural network-based text location in color images,
PRL(22), No. 14, December 2001, pp. 1503-1515.
HTML Version. 0110 BibRef

Jeong, K.Y.[Ki-Young], Jung, K.C.[Kee-Chul], Kim, E.Y.[Eun Yi], Kim, H.J.[Hang Joon],
Neural Network-based Text Location for News Video Indexing,
ICIP99(III:319-323).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. BibRef 9900

Kim, K.I.[Kwang In], Jung, K.C.[Kee-Chul], Kim, J.H.[Jin Hyung],
Texture-based approach for text detection in images using support vector machines and continuously adaptive mean shift algorithm,
PAMI(25), No. 12, December 2003, pp. 1631-1639.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0401 BibRef

Jung, K.C.[Kee-Chul], Kim, K.I.[Kwang In], Kurata, T., Kourogi, M., Han, J.[JungHyun],
Text scanner with text detection technology on image sequences,
ICPR02(III: 473-476).
WWW Version. 0211 See also Automatic text detection and removal in video sequences. BibRef

Jung, K.C.[Kee-Chul], Kim, K.I.[Kwang In], Han, J.[JungHyun],
Text extraction in real scene images on planar planes,
ICPR02(III: 469-472).
WWW Version. 0211 BibRef

Jung, K.C.[Kee-Chul], Han, J.[JungHyun],
Hybrid approach to efficient text extraction in complex color images,
PRL(25), No. 6, 19 April 2004, pp. 679-699.
WWW Version. 0405 BibRef

Jung, K.C.[Kee-Chul], Kim, K.I.[Kwang In], Jain, A.K.[Anil K.],
Text information extraction in images and video: a survey,
PR(37), No. 5, May 2004, pp. 977-997.
WWW Version. 0405 Survey, Text Extraction. BibRef

Lienhart, R., Wernicke, A.,
Localizing and segmenting text in images and videos,
CirSysVideo(12), No. 4, April 2002, pp. 256-268.
IEEE Top Reference. 0205 BibRef

Lienhart, R.,
Video OCR: A Survey and Practitioner's Guide,
VideoMining03(Chapter 6). Survey, OCR. BibRef 0300

Strouthopoulos, C., Papamarkos, N., Atsalakis, A.E.,
Text extraction in complex color documents,
PR(35), No. 8, August 2002, pp. 1743-1758.
WWW Version. 0206 BibRef

Clark, P.[Paul], Mirmehdi, M.[Majid],
Recognising Text in Real Scenes,
IJDAR(4), No. 4, 2002, pp. 243-257.
HTML Version. 0208Find page boundaries or use neural net based texture. See also Rectifying Perspective Views of Text in 3D Scenes Using Vanishing Points. BibRef

Clark, P., Mirmehdi, M.,
Combining Statistical Measures to Find Image Text Regions,
ICPR00(Vol I: 450-453).
WWW Version.
HTML Version. 0009 BibRef
And:
Finding Text Regions using Localised Statistical Measures,
BMVC00(xx-yy).
PDF Version. 0009 BibRef

Crandall, D.[David], Antani, S.[Sameer], Kasturi, R.[Rangachar],
Extraction of special effects caption text events from digital video,
IJDAR(5), No. 2-3, April 2003, pp. 138-157.
HTML Version. 0308 BibRef

Crandall, D., Kasturi, R.,
Robust detection of stylized text events in digital video,
ICDAR01(865-869).
WWW Version. 0109 BibRef

Gandhi, T.[Tarak], Kasturi, R.[Rangachar], Antani, S.[Sameer],
Application of Planar Motion Segmentation for Scene Text Extraction,
ICPR00(Vol I: 445-449).
WWW Version.
HTML Version. 0009 BibRef

Wong, E.K.[Edward K.], Chen, M.Y.[Min-Ya],
A new robust algorithm for video text extraction,
PR(36), No. 6, June 2003, pp. 1397-1406.
WWW Version. 0304 BibRef

Wang, K.Q.[Kong-Qiao], Kangas, J.A.[Jari A.],
Character location in scene images from digital camera,
PR(36No. 10, October 2003, pp. 2287-2299.
WWW Version. 0308 BibRef

Wang, K.Q.[Kong-Qiao], Kangas, J.A.[Jari A.], Li, W.W.[Wen-Wen],
Character segmentation of color images from digital camera,
ICDAR01(210-214).
WWW Version. 0109 BibRef

Chen, D.T.[Da-Tong], Odobez, J.M.[Jean-Marc], Bourlard, H.[Hervé],
Text detection and recognition in images and video frames,
PR(37), No. 3, March 2004, pp. 595-608.
WWW Version. 0401 BibRef
Earlier:
Text segmentation and recognition in complex background based on markov random field,
ICPR02(IV: 227-230).
WWW Version. 0211 BibRef

Chen, D.T.[Da-Tong], Odobez, J.M.[Jean-Marc],
Video text recognition using sequential Monte Carlo and error voting methods,
PRL(26), No. 9, 1 July 2005, pp. 1386-1403.
WWW Version. 0506 BibRef
Earlier:
Sequential Monte Carlo video text segmentation,
ICIP03(III: 21-24).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0312 BibRef
Earlier: A2, A1:
Robust video text segmentation and recognition with multiple hypotheses,
ICIP02(II: 433-436).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0210 BibRef

Chen, D.T.[Da-Tong], Bourlard, H.[Hervé], Thiran, J.P.[Jean-Philippe],
Text Identification in Complex Background Using SVM,
CVPR01(II:621-626).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0110Find the text in the video. Look for horizontal and vertical edge areas. BibRef

Chen, D.T.[Da-Tong], Odobez, J.M.[Jean-Marc], Thiran, J.P.[Jean-Philippe],
A localization/verification scheme for finding text in images and video frames based on contrast independent features and machine learning methods,
SP:IC(19), No. 3, March 2004, pp. 205-217.
WWW Version. 0402 BibRef

Chen, X.L.[Xi-Lin], Yang, J.[Jie], Zhang, J.[Jing], Waibel, A.,
Automatic Detection and Recognition of Signs From Natural Scenes,
IP(13), No. 1, January 2004, pp. 87-99.
WWW Version. 0402 BibRef
Earlier:
Automatic detection of signs with affine transformation,
WACV02(32-36).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0303 BibRef

Wu, W.[Wen], Chen, X.L.[Xi-Lin], Yang, J.[Jie],
Incremental Detection of Text on Road Signs,
CMU-CS-TR-04-116.
HTML Version. 0501 BibRef

Chen, X.L.[Xi-Lin], Yang, J.[Jie], Waibel, A.,
Calibration of a hybrid camera network,
ICCV03(150-155).
WWW Version. 0311 BibRef

Gao, J.[Jiang], Yang, J.[Jie], Zhang, Y.[Ying], Waibel, A.[Alex],
Text Detection and Translation from Natural Scenes,
CMU-CS-TR-01-139, June 2001.
HTML Version. 0205 BibRef

Gao, J.[Jiang], Yang, J.[Jie],
An Adaptive Algorithm for Text Detection from Natural Scenes,
CVPR01(II:84-89).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0110 Character Recognition. Find text in video, then translate the text (i.e. Chinese character signs). BibRef

Zhang, J.[Jing], Chen, X.L.[Xi-Lin], Hannernan, A., Yang, J.[Jie], Waibel, A.,
A robust approach for recognition of text embedded in natural scenes,
ICPR02(III: 204-207).
WWW Version. 0211 BibRef

Hua, X.S.[Xian-Sheng], Liu, W.Y.[Wen-Yin], Zhang, H.J.[Hong-Jiang],
An Automatic Performance Evaluation Protocol for Video Text Detection Algorithms,
CirSysVideo(14), No. 4, April 2004, pp. 498-507.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0407 Evaluation, Text Detection. BibRef
Earlier:
Automatic performance evaluation for video text detection,
ICDAR01(545-550).
WWW Version. 0109 BibRef

Ye, Q.X.[Qi-Xiang], Huang, Q.M.[Qing-Ming], Gao, W.[Wen], Zhao, D.[Debin],
Fast and robust text detection in images and video frames,
IVC(23), No. 6, 1 June 2005, pp. 565-576.
WWW Version. 0505 BibRef

Ye, Q.X.[Qi-Xiang], Gao, W.[Wen], Huang, Q.M.[Qing-Ming],
Automatic text segmentation from complex background,
ICIP04(V: 2905-2908).
WWW Version. 0505 BibRef

Gllavata, J.[Julinda], Freisleben, B.[Bernd],
Adaptive Fuzzy Text Segmentation in Images with Complex Backgrounds Using Color and Texture,
CAIP05(756).
WWW Version. 0509 BibRef

Wu, W.[Wen], Chen, X.L.[Xi-Lin], Yang, J.[Jie],
Detection of text on road signs from video,
ITS(6), No. 4, December 2005, pp. 378-390.
WWW Version. 0601 BibRef

Liu, Y.X.[Yang-Xing], Goto, S.[Satoshi], Ikenaga, T.[Takeshi],
A Contour-Based Robust Algorithm for Text Detection in Color Images,
ICICE(E89-D), No. 3, March 2006, pp. 1221-1230.
WWW Version. 0603 BibRef
Earlier:
A robust algorithm for text detection in color images,
ICDAR05(I: 399-403).
WWW Version. 0508 BibRef

Karatzs, D.[Dimosthenis], Antonacopoulos, A.[Apostolos],
Colour text segmentation in web images based on human perception,
IVC(25), No. 5, 1 May 2007, pp. 564-577.
WWW Version. 0703 BibRef
Earlier:
Text extraction from web images based on a split-and-merge segmentation method using colour perception,
ICPR04(II: 634-637).
WWW Version. 0409 BibRef
Earlier:
Two approaches for text segmentation in web images,
ICDAR03(131-137).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0311 BibRef
Earlier: A2, A1:
Fuzzy Segmentation of Characters in Web Images Based on Human Colour Perception,
DAS02(295 ff.).
HTML Version. 0303Web document image analysis; Colour document analysis; Character segmentation; Text segmentation; Colour images BibRef

Lim, J.[Jaeguyn], Park, J.[Jonghyun], Medioni, G.G.[Gerard G.],
Text segmentation in color images using tensor voting,
IVC(25), No. 5, 1 May 2007, pp. 671-685.
WWW Version. 0703Tensor voting; Text segmentation; Mean shift-based density estimation; Adaptive median filter; Color component analysis BibRef

Park, J.[Jonghyun], Park, S.[Soonyoung],
Detection of Text Region and Segmentation from Natural Scene Images,
ISVC05(666-671).
WWW Version. 0512 BibRef

Mancas-Thillou, C.[Celine], Gosselin, B.[Bernard],
Color text extraction with selective metric-based clustering,
CVIU(107), No. 1-2, July-August 2007, pp. 97-107.
WWW Version. 0706 BibRef
Earlier:
Character Segmentation-by-Recognition Using Log-Gabor Filters,
ICPR06(II: 901-904).
WWW Version. 0609 BibRef
Earlier:
Color text extraction from camera-based images: The impact of the choice of the clustering distance,
ICDAR05(I: 312-316).
WWW Version. 0508 BibRef
Earlier:
Color Binarization for Complex Camera-based Images,
SPIE(NNNN), 2005. Electronic Imaging, pp. 301-308.
WWW Version. Clustering; Cosine-based similarity; Diffuse and specular surfaces; Natural scene; Text understanding BibRef

Mancas-Thillou, C.[Céline], Ferreira, S.[Silvio], Demeyer, J.[Jonathan], Minetti, C.[Christophe], Gosselin, B.[Bernard],
A Multifunctional Reading Assistant for the Visually Impaired,
JIVP(2007), 2007, pp. xx-yy.
WWW Version. 0804 BibRef

Liu, X.B.[Xia-Bi], Fu, H.[Hui], Jia, Y.D.[Yun-De],
Gaussian mixture modeling and learning of neighboring characters for multilingual text extraction in images,
PR(41), No. 2, February 2008, pp. 484-493.
WWW Version. 0711Text extraction; Document analysis; Character recognition; Image retrieval; Gaussian mixture models; Discriminative training; EM algorithm BibRef

Fu, H.[Hui], Liu, X.B.[Xia-Bi], Jia, Y.D.[Yun-De], Deng, H.B.[Hong-Bin],
Gaussian Mixture Modeling of Neighbor Characters for Multilingual Text Extraction in Images,
ICIP06(3321-3324). 0610
WWW Version. BibRef

Qian, X.M.[Xue-Ming], Liu, G.Z.[Gui-Zhong], Wang, H.[Huan], Su, R.[Rui],
Text detection, localization, and tracking in compressed video,
SP:IC(22), No. 9, October 2007, pp. 752-768.
WWW Version. 0711Text detection; DCT coefficient; Text tracking; Compressed video; Text line; Text localization; MPEG BibRef

Ye, Q.X.[Qi-Xiang], Jiao, J.B.[Jian-Bin], Huang, J.[Jun], Yu, H.[Hua],
Text detection and restoration in natural scene images,
JVCIR(18), No. 6, December 2007, pp. 504-513.
WWW Version. 0711Text detection; Text recognition; Text restoration BibRef

Wang, Z.S.[Zhe-Shen], Xu, X.Y.[Xin-Yu], Li, B.X.[Bao-Xin],
Enabling Seamless Access to Digital Graphical Contents for Visually Impaired Individuals via Semantic-Aware Processing,
JIVP(2007), 2007, pp. xx-yy.
WWW Version. 0804 BibRef

Wang, J.[Jian], Zhou, Y.H.[Yuan-Hua],
An Unsupervised Approach for Video Text Localization,
ICICE(E89-D), No. 4, April 2006, pp. 1582-1585.
WWW Version. 0604 BibRef

Wang, F.[Feng], Ngo, C.W.[Chong-Wah], Pong, T.C.[Ting-Chuen],
Structuring low-quality videotaped lectures for cross-reference browsing by video text analysis,
PR(41), No. 10, October 2008, pp. 3257-3269.
WWW Version. 0808Topic detection; Video text analysis; Super-resolution reconstruction; Synchronization of lecture videos and electronic slides BibRef

Zhou, J.C.[Jing-Chao], Xu, L.[Lei], Xiao, B.H.[Bai-Hua], Dai, R.W.[Ru-Wei], Si, S.[Si],
A robust system for text extraction in video,
ICMV07(119-124).
WWW Version. 0712 BibRef

Einsele, F.[Farshideh], Ingold, R.[Rolf], Hennebert, J.[Jean],
A HMM-Based Approach to Recognize Ultra Low Resolution Anti-Aliased Words,
PReMI07(511-518).
WWW Version. 0712Low resolution text, e.g. web images. BibRef

Kandan, R., Reddy, N.K.[Nirup Kumar], Arvind, K.R., Ramakrishnan, A.G.,
A Robust Two Level Classification Algorithm for Text Localization in Documents,
ISVC07(II: 96-105).
WWW Version. 0711 BibRef

Dinh, V.C.[Viet Cuong], Chun, S.S.[Seong Soo], Cha, S.[Seungwook], Ryu, H.J.[Han-Jin], Sull, S.H.[Sang-Hoon],
An Efficient Method for Text Detection in Video Based on Stroke Width Similarity,
ACCV07(I: 200-209).
WWW Version. 0711 BibRef

Papavassiliou, V., Stafylakis, T., Katsouros, V., Carayannis, G.,
A Parametric Spectral-Based Method for Verification of Text in Videos,
ICDAR07(879-883).
WWW Version. 0709 BibRef

Beaufort, R., Mancas-Thillou, C.,
A Weighted Finite-State Framework for Correcting Errors in Natural Scene OCR,
ICDAR07(889-893).
WWW Version. 0709 BibRef

Tanaka, M., Goto, H.,
Autonomous Text Capturing Robot Using Improved DCT Feature and Text Tracking,
ICDAR07(1178-1182).
WWW Version. 0709 BibRef

Aradhye, H., Myers, G.,
Exploiting Videotext Events for Improved Videotext Detection,
ICDAR07(894-898).
WWW Version. 0709 BibRef

Ma, Y., Wang, C., Xiao, B., Dai, R.,
Usage-Oriented Performance Evaluation for Text Localization Algorithms,
ICDAR07(1033-1037).
WWW Version. 0709 BibRef

Subramanian, K., Natarajan, P., Decerbo, M., Castanon, D.,
Character-Stroke Detection for Text-Localization and Extraction,
ICDAR07(33-37).
WWW Version. 0709 BibRef

Pan, W., Bui, T., Suen, C.,
Text Segmentation from Complex Background Using Sparse Representations,
ICDAR07(412-416).
WWW Version. 0709 BibRef

Ichimura, N.[Naoyuki],
Recognizing Multiple Billboard Advertisements in Videos,
PSIVT06(463-473).
WWW Version. 0612 BibRef

Mancas-Thillou, C., Gosselin, B.,
Spatial and Color Spaces Combination for Natural Scene Text Extraction,
ICIP06(985-988). 0610
WWW Version. BibRef

Liu, Q.[Qifeng], Jung, C.[Cheolkon], Kim, S.[Sangkyun], Moon, Y.S.[Young-Soo], Kim, J.Y.[Ji-Yeun],
Stroke Filter for Text Localization in Video Images,
ICIP06(1473-1476). 0610
WWW Version. BibRef

Bouaziz, B.[Bassem], Mahdi, W.[Walid], Hamadou, A.B.[Abdelmajid Ben],
A New Video Images Text Localization Approach Based on a Fast Hough Transform,
ICIAR06(I: 414-425).
WWW Version. 0610 BibRef

Farooq, F.[Faisal], Sridharan, K.[Karthik], Govindaraju, V.[Venu],
Identifying Handwritten Text in Mixed Documents,
ICPR06(II: 1142-1145).
WWW Version. 0609 BibRef

Shiratori, H.[Hiroki], Goto, H.[Hideaki], Kobayashi, H.[Hiroaki],
An Efficient Text Capture Method for Moving Robots Using DCT Feature and Text Tracking,
ICPR06(II: 1050-1053).
WWW Version. 0609 BibRef

Shen, H.Y.[Hui-Ying], Coughlan, J.L.[James L.],
Grouping Using Factor Graphs: An Approach for Finding Text with a Camera Phone,
GbRPR07(394-403).
WWW Version. 0706 BibRef
Earlier:
Finding Text in Natural Scenes by Figure-Ground Segmentation,
ICPR06(IV: 113-118).
WWW Version. 0609 BibRef
And:
Reading LCD/LED Displays with a Camera Cell Phone,
EmbedCV06(119).
WWW Version. 0609 BibRef

Claudino, L.M.B.[Leonardo M. B.], Braga, A.P.[Antônio P.], Araújo, A.A.[Arnaldo A.], Oliveira, A.F.[André F.],
Unsupervised Segmentation of Text Fragments in Real Scenes,
CIAP05(399-406).
WWW Version. 0509 BibRef

García-Mateos, G.[Ginés], García-Meroño, A.[Andrés], Vicente-Chicote, C.[Cristina], Ruiz, A.[Alberto], López-de-Teruel, P.E.[Pedro E.],
Time and Date OCR in CCTV Video,
CIAP05(703-710).
WWW Version. 0509 BibRef

Ezaki, N., Kiyota, K., Minh, B.T., Bulacu, M.[Marius], Schomaker, L.[Lambert],
Improved text-detection methods for a camera-based text reading system for blind persons,
ICDAR05(I: 257-261).
WWW Version. 0508 BibRef

Ezaki, N., Bulacu, M.[Marius], Schomaker, L.[Lambert],
Text Detection from Natural Scene Images: Towards a System for Visually Impaired Persons,
ICPR04(II: 683-686).
WWW Version. 0409 BibRef

Liu, C.M.[Chun-Mei], Wang, C.H.[Chun-Heng], Dai, R.W.[Ru-Wei],
Text detection in images based on unsupervised classification of edge-based features,
ICDAR05(II: 610-614).
WWW Version. 0508 BibRef

Saoi, T., Goto, H., Kobayashi, H.,
Text detection in color scene images based on unsupervised clustering of multi-channel wavelet features,
ICDAR05(II: 690-694).
WWW Version. 0508 BibRef

Bargeron, D., Viola, P., Simard, P.Y.,
Boosting-based transductive learning for text detection,
ICDAR05(II: 1166-1171).
WWW Version. 0508 BibRef

Li, C.[Chuang], Ding, X.Q.[Xiao-Qing], Wu, Y.S.[You-Shou],
Automatic text location in natural scene images,
ICDAR01(1069-1073).
WWW Version. 0109 BibRef

Nourbakhsh, F.[Farshad], Pati, P.B.[Peeta Basa], Ramakrishnan, A.G.,
Text Localization and Extraction from Complex Gray Images,
ICCVGIP06(776-785).
WWW Version. 0612 BibRef

Raju, S.S.[S. Sabari], Pati, P.B., Ramakrishnan, A.G.,
Text Localization and Extraction from Complex Color Images,
ISVC05(486-493).
WWW Version. 0512 BibRef

Kim, J.S.[Ji-Soo], Park, S.C.[Sang-Cheol], Kim, S.H.[Soo-Hyung],
Text locating from natural scene images using image intensities,
ICDAR05(II: 655-659).
WWW Version. 0508 BibRef

Palma, D.[Duarte], Ascenso, J.[João], Pereira, F.[Fernando],
Automatic Text Extraction in Digital Video Based on Motion Analysis,
ICIAR04(I: 588-596).
WWW Version. 0409 BibRef

Liu, Y.[Yang], Lu, H.[Hong], Xue, X.Y.[Xiang-Yang], Tan, Y.P.[Yap-Peng],
Effective video text detection using line features,
ICARCV04(II: 1528-1532).
WWW Version. 0412 BibRef

Umai, C.[Chan], Kassim, A., Yue, C.L.[Chew Lock],
Detection and Interpretation of Text Information in Noisy Video Sequences,
ICARCV06(1-4).
WWW Version. 0612 BibRef

Zhang, D.Q.[Dong-Qing], Chang, S.F.[Shih-Fu],
Learning to Detect Scene Text Using a Higher-Order MRF with Belief Propagation,
LCV04(101).
WWW Version. 0406 BibRef

Tang, L.J.[Li-Jun], Kender, J.R.,
A Unified Text Extraction Method for Instructional Videos,
ICIP05(III: 1216-1219).
WWW Version. 0512 BibRef
And:
Educational video understanding: Mapping handwritten text to textbook chapters,
ICDAR05(II: 919-923).
WWW Version. 0508 BibRef

Iwatsuka, K., Yamamoto, K., Kato, K.,
Development of a guide dog system for the blind people with character recognition ability,
ICPR04(I: 453-456).
WWW Version. 0409 BibRef
Earlier:
Development of a guide dog system for the blind with character recognition ability,
CRV04(401-405).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0408 BibRef

Yamaguchi, T., Maruyama, M.,
Character extraction from natural scene images by hierarchical classifiers,
ICPR04(II: 687-690).
WWW Version. 0409 BibRef

Baba, Y., Hirose, A.,
Proposal of the hybrid spectral gradient method to extract character / text regions from general scene images,
ICIP04(I: 211-214).
WWW Version. 0505 BibRef

Sun, J.[Jun], Katsuyama, Y.[Yutaka], Naoi, S.[Satoshi],
Video Degradation Model and Its Application to Character Recognition in e-Learning Videos,
DAS04(555-558).
WWW Version. 0505 BibRef

Song, Y.J., Kim, K.C., Choi, Y.W., Byun, H.R., Kim, S.H., Chi, S.Y., Jang, D.K., Chung, Y.K.,
Text region extraction and text segmentation on camera-captured document style images,
ICDAR05(I: 172-176).
WWW Version. 0508 BibRef

Kim, K.C., Byun, H.R., Song, Y.J., Choi, Y.W., Chi, S.Y., Kim, K.K., Chung, Y.K.,
Scene text extraction in natural scene images using hierarchical feature combining and verification,
ICPR04(II: 679-682).
WWW Version. 0409 BibRef

Chen, X.R.[Xiang-Rong], Yuille, A.L.,
Detecting and reading text in natural scenes,
CVPR04(II: 366-373).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0408 BibRef

Iso, T., Kurakake, S., Sugimura, T.,
Visual-tag reader: image capture by cell phone camera,
ICIP03(III: 557-560).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0312 BibRef

Khedekar, S., Ramanaprasad, V., Setlur, S., Govindaraju, V.,
Text-image separation in Devanagari documents,
ICDAR03(1265-1269).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0311 BibRef

Tekinalp, S., Alatan, A.A.,
Utilization of texture, contrast and color homogeneity for detecting and recognizing text from video frames,
ICIP03(III: 505-508).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0312 BibRef

Mariano, V.Y., Kasturi, R.,
Detection of text marks on moving vehicles,
ICDAR03(393-397).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0311 BibRef

Haritaoglu, E.D., Haritaoglu, I.,
Real time image enhancement and segmentation for sign/text detection,
ICIP03(III: 993-996).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0312 BibRef

Haritaoglu, I.[Ismail],
Scene Text Extraction and Translation for Handheld Devices,
CVPR01(II:408-413).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0110 Character Recognition. Find text in video, then translate the text (i.e. Chinese character signs). BibRef

Byun, H.R.[Hye-Ran], Roh, M.C.[Myung-Cheol], Kim, K.C.[Kil-Cheon], Choi, Y.W.[Yeong-Woo], Lee, S.W.[Seong-Whan],
Scene Text Extraction in Complex Images,
DAS02(329 ff.).
HTML Version. 0303 BibRef

Byun, H.R.[Hye-Ran], Jang, I.[Inyoung], Choi, Y.[Yeongwoo],
Text Extraction in Digital News Video Using Morphology,
DAS02(341 ff.).
HTML Version. 0303 BibRef

Du, E.Y.[Eliza Yingzi], Chang, C.I.[Chein-I],
Thresholding video images for text detection,
ICPR02(III: 919-922).
WWW Version. 0211 BibRef

Kise, K.[Koichi], Tsujino, M.[Masaaki], Matsumoto, K.[Keinosuke],
Spotting Where to Read on Pages: Retrieval of Relevant Parts from Page Images,
DAS02(388 ff.).
HTML Version. 0303 BibRef

Yamaguchi, T., Nakano, Y.,
Extraction of place-name from natural scenes,
FHR02(239-243).
IEEE Top Reference. 0209 BibRef

Mao, W.[Wenge], Chung, F.L.[Fu-Lai], Lam, K.K.M., Sin, W.C.[Wan-Chi],
Hybrid Chinese/English text detection in images and video frames,
ICPR02(III: 1015-1018).
WWW Version. 0211 BibRef

Cal, M.[Min], Song, J.Q.A.[Ji-Qi-Ang], Lyu, M.R.,
A new approach for video text detection,
ICIP02(I: 117-120).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0210 BibRef

Zhang, D.Q.[Dong-Qing], Rajendran, R.K., Chang, S.F.[Shih-Fu],
General and domain-specific techniques for detecting and recognizing superimposed text in video,
ICIP02(I: 593-596).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0210 BibRef

Zhang, D.Q.[Dong-Qing], Chang, S.F.[Shih-Fu],
A bayesian framework for fusing multiple word knowledge models in videotext recognition,
CVPR03(II: 528-533).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0307 BibRef

Hua, X.S.[Xian-Sheng], Yin, P.[Pei], Zhang, H.J.[Hong-Jiang],
Efficient video text recognition using multiple frame integration,
ICIP02(II: 397-400).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0210 BibRef

Wang, H.[Hao],
Automatic character location and segmentation in color scene images,
CIAP01(2-7).
IEEE Top Reference. 0210 BibRef

Bertucci, E., Pilu, M., Mirmehdi, M.,
Text selection by structured light marking for hand-held cameras,
ICDAR03(555-559).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0311 BibRef

Pilu, M., Pollard, S.,
A light-weight text image processing method for handheld embedded cameras,
BMVC02(Poster Session). 0208 BibRef

Perroud, T., Sobottka, K., Bunke, H.,
Text extraction from color documents-clustering approaches in three and four dimensions,
ICDAR01(937-941).
WWW Version. 0109 BibRef

Shi, Z.[Zhixin], Setlur, S., Govindaraju, V.,
Text extraction from gray scale historical document images using adaptive local connectivity map,
ICDAR05(II: 794-798).
WWW Version. 0508 BibRef

Miene, A., Hermes, T., Ioannidis, G.,
Extracting textual inserts from digital videos,
ICDAR01(1079-1083).
WWW Version. 0109 BibRef

Wang, H.[Hao], Kangas, J.,
Character-like region verification for extracting text in scene images,
ICDAR01(957-962).
WWW Version. 0109 BibRef

Mita, T., Hori, O.,
Improvement of video text recognition by character selection,
ICDAR01(1089-1093).
WWW Version. 0109 BibRef

Jin, N.[Ning], Tang, Y.Y.,
Text area localization under complex-background using wavelet decomposition,
ICDAR01(1126-1130).
WWW Version. 0109 BibRef

Wang, X.W.[Xue-Wen], Ding, X.Q.[Xiao-Qing], Liu, C.S.[Chang-Song],
Character extraction and recognition in natural scene images,
ICDAR01(1084-1088).
WWW Version. 0109 BibRef

Shiku, O.[Osamu], Kawasue, K.[Kikuhito], Nakamura, A.[Akira],
A Method for Character String Extraction Using Local and Global Segment Crowdedness,
ICPR98(Vol II: 1077-1080).
WWW Version. 9808 BibRef

Wu, V.[Victor], Manmatha, R., Riseman, E.M.[Edward M.],
Automatic Text Detection and Recognition,
DARPA97(707-712). BibRef 9700

Wu, V.[Victor], Manmatha, R.,
Text Image Clean-Up and Thresholding: A Comparative Study,
DARPA98(1271-1276). BibRef 9800

Baumann, S., Ben Hadj Ali, M., Dengel, A.R., Jaeger, T., Malburg, M., Weigel, A., Wenzel, C.,
Message Extraction from Printed Documents: A Complete Solution,
ICDAR97(We-3B) 9708 BibRef

Chutatape, O.[Opas], Li, L.[Li],
Character extraction from scene image using fuzzy entropy and rule-based technique,
CAIP97(597-604).
WWW Version. 9709 BibRef

Kuo, S.S., Ranganath, M.V.,
Real time image enhancement for both text and color photo images,
ICIP95(I: 159-162).
WWW Version. 9510 BibRef

Chapter on OCR, Document Analysis and Character Recognition Systems continues in
Text vs. Non-Text Regions .