9.10 Depth from Focus, Changing Camera Parameters

Chapter Contents (Back)
Shape from Focus. Depth from Focus. Blur. Focusing.

Horn, B.K.P.,
Focusing,
MIT AI Memo160, May 1968. Early shape from focus. BibRef 6805

Stauffer, N.L.[Norman L.],
Focus detecting apparatus,
US_Patent4,002,899, 01/11/1977.
HTML Version. BibRef 7701
Earlier:
Distance determining and automatic focusing apparatus,
US_Patent3,958,117, May 18, 1976.
WWW Version. Part of the early Honeywell focus work for auto focus cameras. BibRef

Tucker, J.H.[James H.], Stark, M.[Margaret],
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WWW Version. 0309 BibRef

Hosoe, K.[Kazuya], Niwa, Y.[Yukichi], Tsunekawa, T.[Tokuichi], Owada, M.[Mitsutoshi], Asano, N.[Noriyuki], Masunaga, M.[Makoto],
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Depth from Focus,
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Earlier:
Depth of Scene from Depth of Field,
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Adelson, E.H.[Edward H.],
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Zhu, Q.M., Hung, Y.Y., Tang, S.H., Shi, D.H.,
Edge Extraction by Active Defocusing,
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PAMI(15), No. 2, February 1993, pp. 97-108.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
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Earlier:
A Matrix Based Method for Determining Depth from Focus,
CVPR91(600-606).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. BibRef

Nayar, S.K., Nakagawa, Y.,
Shape from Focus,
PAMI(16), No. 8, August 1994, pp. 824-831.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. BibRef 9408
And: CMU-RI-TR-89-27, CMU Robotics Institute, November 1989. BibRef

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IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. 9701 BibRef
Earlier: ICCV95(995-1001).
IEEE DOI Reference
WWW Version. BibRef
And: A2, A1, A3:
Real-Time Implementation of Depth from Defocus,
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Watanabe, M.[Masahiro], and Nayar, S.K.[Shree K.],
Minimal Operator Set for Passive Depth from Defocus,
CVPR96(431-438).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. BibRef 9600

Watanabe, M.[Masahiro], Nayar, S.K.[Shree K.],
Telecentric Optics for Focus Analysis,
PAMI(19), No. 12, December 1997, pp. 1360-1365.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. 9712 BibRef
Earlier:
Telecentric Optics for Computational Vision,
ECCV96(II:439-451).
Springer DOI Reference BibRef ARPA96(781-786). Allows constant magnification with focusing control. Telecentric optics obtained by adding an aperture to a conventional lens. Image magnification is invariant to the position of the sensor plane. BibRef

Noguchi, M., Nayar, S.K.,
Microscopic Shape from Focus Using Active Illumination,
ICPR94(A:147-152).
IEEE DOI Reference BibRef 9400

Nayar, S.K.,
Shape from Focus System,
CVPR92(302-308).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. BibRef 9200
Earlier:
Shape from Focus System for Rough Surfaces,
DARPA92(593-606). Detailed results from a working system, get details using focus. BibRef

Nayar, S.K., and Nakagawa, Y.,
Shape from Focus: An Effective Approach for Rough Surfaces,
CRA90(218-225). BibRef 9000

Zhang, L., and Nayar, S.K.,
Projection Defocus Analysis for Scene Capture and Image Display,
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Subbarao, M., Surya, G.,
Depth From Defocus: A Spatial Domain Approach,
IJCV(13), No. 3, December 1994, pp. 271-294.
Springer DOI Reference BibRef 9412
Earlier: A2, A1:
Depth from Defocus by Changing Camera Aperture: A Spatial Domain Approach,
CVPR93(61-67).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. BibRef
And:
Application of Spatial-Domain Convolution/Deconvolution Transform for Determining Distance from Image Defocus,
SPIE(1822), OE/Boston, November 1992. BibRef

Subbarao, M., Choi, T.,
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PAMI(17), No. 3, March 1995, pp. 266-274.
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. Analyze the "surface" formed by a set of points where the points are focused by the lens. BibRef 9503

Choi, T.[Tae],
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ICIP99(III:910-914).
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Krishnan, A.[Arun], and Ahuja, N.[Narendra],
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IJCV(20), No. 3, 1996, pp. 169-186. BibRef 9600
Earlier:
Range Estimation from Focus Using an Active Non-Frontal Imaging Camera,
DARPA93(959-965). BibRef
And: AAAI-93(830-835). The focus position changes across the image plane. BibRef

Ahuja, N.[Narendra], and Krishnan, A.[Arun],
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Nguyen, T.C., Huang, T.S.,
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WWW Version. BibRef 9212
Earlier: ECCV92(347-362).
Springer DOI Reference BibRef

Xu, S., Capson, D.W., Caelli, T.M.,
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Marshall, J.A., Burbeck, C.A., Ariely, D., Rolland, J.P., Martin, K.E.,
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Dantu, R.V., Dimopoulos, N.J., Patel, R.V., Al-Khalili, A.J.,
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Simoncelli, E.P., and Farid, H.,
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WWW Version. Optical differentiation using masks. BibRef 9712
Earlier:
Direct Differential Range Estimation Using Optical Masks,
ECCV96(II:82-93).
Springer DOI Reference Use different masks to get the range. Depth from defocus, stereo, apodization. or for postscript version:
Postscript Version. or Look under
HTML Version. BibRef

Farid, H., Simoncelli, E.P.,
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Holeva, L.F.,
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Darrell, T.J.[Trevor J.], Wohn, K.,
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PRL(11), 1990, pp. 787-796. BibRef 9000
Earlier:
Pyramid Based Depth from Focus,
CVPR88(504-509).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. BibRef

Abersfelder, G.[Guenter], Grantz, H.[Helmut], Odebrecht, W.[Wolfgang],
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Lavest, J.M., Delherm, C., Peuchot, B., Daucher, N.,
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Lavest, J.M., Rives, G., Dhome, M.,
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Lavest, J.M., Rives, G., and Dhome, M.,
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Delherm, C., Lavest, J.M., Dhome, M., La Preste, J.T.,
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ECCV96(II:427-438).
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Lavest, J.M., Peuchot, B., Delherm, C., Dhome, M.,
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ICIP94(II: 1012-1016).
IEEE DOI Reference 9411 BibRef

Chaudhuri, S.[Subhasis], Rajagopalan, A.N.,
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Springer-VerlagNew York, 1998. ISBN: 0-387-98635-9. Depth when multiple defocused images are available. BibRef 9800

Rajagopalan, A.N., Chaudhuri, S.,
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Rajagopalan, A.N., Chaudhuri, S.,
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Rajagopalan, A.N., Chaudhuri, S.,
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WWW Version.
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Rajagopalan, A.N., Chaudhuri, S.,
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Simultaneous Depth Recovery and Image Restoration from Defocused Images,
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WWW Version.
WWW Version. BibRef
Earlier:
A block shift-variant blur model for recovering depth from defocused images,
ICIP95(III: 636-639).
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Rajagopalan, A.N., and Chaudhuri, S.,
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ICCV98(1047-1052).
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Optimal Selection of Camera Parameters for Recovery of Depth from Defocused Images,
CVPR97(219-224).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference.
WWW Version. 9704Two defocussed images; depth from focus. BibRef

Bhasin, S.[Sundeep], Chaudhuri, S.[Subhasis],
Depth from Defocus in Presence of Partial Self Occlusion,
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Rajan, D.[Deepu], Chaudhuri, S.[Subhasis],
Simultaneous Estimation of Super-Resolved Scene and Depth Map from Low Resolution Defocused Observations,
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Simultaneous Estimation of Super-Resolved Intensity and Depth Maps from Low Resolution Defocused Observations of a Scene,
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Asada, N.[Naoki], Fujiwara, H.[Hisanaga], Matsuyama, T.[Takashi],
Edge and Depth from Focus,
IJCV(26), No. 2, February 1998, pp. 153-163.
WWW Version. 9804 BibRef

Watanabe, M., Nayar, S.K.,
Rational Filters for Passive Depth from Defocus,
IJCV(27), No. 3, May 1998, pp. 203-225.
WWW Version.
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Tsai, D.M., Lin, C.T.,
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Depth Measurement by the Multi-focus Camera,
CVPR98(953-959).
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Myles, Z.[Zarina], da Vitoria Lobo, N.[Niels],
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Earlier: CVPR96(756-763).
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Pham, D.T., Aslantas, V.,
Depth from defocusing using a neural network,
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Schechner, Y.Y.[Yoav Y.], Kiryati, N.[Nahum],
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The Optimal Axial Interval in Estimating Depth from Defocus,
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Depth from Defocus Estimation in Spatial Domain,
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Ziou, D.[Djemel],
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Earlier:
Simultaneous Computation of Defocus Blur and Apparent Shifts in Spatial Domain,
VI02(236).
PDF Version. 0208 BibRef
And:
Homotopy-based estimation of depth cues in spatial domain,
ICPR02(III: 627-630).
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Deschenes, F.[Francois], Ziou, D.[Djemel], Fuchs, P.[Philippe],
A homotopy-based approach for computing defocus blur and affine transform simultaneously,
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Homotopy-based computation of defocus blur and affine transform,
CVPR03(I: 398-404).
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Earlier:
Detection of Occlusion Edges from the Derivatives of Weather Degraded Images,
CRV05(114-120).
IEEE DOI Reference 0505 BibRef
Earlier:
Sparse scene structure recovery from atmospheric degradation,
ICPR04(I: 84-87).
IEEE DOI Reference 0409Light scattering; 3D structure; Occlusion; Weather degraded image BibRef

Asif, M., Choi, T.S.[Tae-Sun],
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Rayala, J., Gupta, S., Mullick, S.K.,
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Mennucci, A.[Andrea], Soatto, S.[Stefano],
On observing shape from defocused images,
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A Geometric Approach to Shape from Defocus,
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Favaro, P.[Paolo], Soatto, S.[Stefano],
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Scene and Motion Reconstruction from Defocused and Motion-Blurred Images via Anisotropic Diffusion,
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Favaro, P., Osher, S.J., Soatto, S., Vese, L.A.,
3D shape from anistropic diffusion,
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Favaro, P.[Paolo],
Shape from Focus and Defocus: Convexity, Quasiconvexity and Defocus-Invariant Textures,
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Favaro, P.[Paolo], Soatto, S.[Stefano],
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Favaro, P.[Paolo], Soatto, S.[Stefano],
Learning Shape from Defocus,
ECCV02(II: 735 ff.).
HTML Version.
PDF Version. 0205 BibRef
Earlier:
Shape and Radiance Estimation from the Information Divergence of Blurred Images,
ECCV00(I: 755-768).
WWW Version.
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Dou, Q.X.[Qing-Xu], Favaro, P.[Paolo],
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Ghita, O.[Ovidiu], Whelan, P.F.[Paul F.],
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HTML Version. 0304 BibRef

Wang, J.H.[Ju-Hui], Trubuil, A., Graffigne, C., Kaeffer, B.,
3-D aggregated object detection and labeling from multivariate confocal microscopy images: A model validation approach,
SMC-B(33), No. 4, August 2003, pp. 572-581.
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Wang, J.H.[Ju-Hui], Trubuil, A., Graffigne, C.,
3D biological object detection and labeling in multidimensional microscopy imaging,
CIAP01(215-220).
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Wang, J.H.[Ju-Hui], Trubuil, A.,
Model-based 3d object detection from multivariate confocal microscopy images,
ICIP02(II: 933-936).
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Subramanian, A.[Anbumani], Iyer, L.R.[Lakshmi R.], Abbott, A.L.[A. Lynn], Bell, A.E.[Amy E.],
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Springer DOI Reference 0310 BibRef
Earlier: ICCV01(II: 500-507).
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Desch�nes, F., Ziou, D., Fuchs, P.,
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Rajagopalan, A.N., Chaudhuri, S., Mudenagudi, U.,
Depth Estimation and Image Restoration Using Defocused Stereo Pairs,
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Mudenagudi, U., Chaudhuri, S.,
Depth Estimation using Defocused Stereo Image Pairs,
ICCV99(483-488).
IEEE DOI Reference BibRef 9900

Ma, L.[Li], Staunton, R.C.,
Integration of multiresolution image segmentation and neural networks for object depth recovery,
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WWW Version. 0505two coaxial defocused images and structured light. BibRef

Ahmad, M.B.[Muhammad Bilal], Choi, T.S.,
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CirSysVideo(15), No. 4, April 2005, pp. 566-574.
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Malik, A.S.[Aamir Saeed], Choi, T.S.[Tae-Sun],
Consideration of illumination effects and optimization of window size for accurate calculation of depth map for 3D shape recovery,
PR(40), No. 1, January 2007, pp. 154-170.
WWW Version. 0611Depth map; Window size; Illumination problems; Focus measures; Blurring; Adaptive histogram enhancement; Sum of Modified Laplacian; Gray-level variance; 3D shape recovery; Shape From Focus (SFF) BibRef

Malik, A.S.[Aamir Saeed], Choi, T.S.[Tae-Sun],
A novel algorithm for estimation of depth map using image focus for 3D shape recovery in the presence of noise,
PR(41), No. 7, July 2008, pp. 2200-2225.
WWW Version. 0804 BibRef
Earlier:
Noise Analysis for Depth Estimation,
BVAI07(328-337).
Springer DOI Reference 0710Focus Measure; 3D shape recovery; Depth map; Shape from focus; Noise; Robustness BibRef

Mannan, S.M., Malik, A.S.[Aamir S.], Choi, T.S.[Tae-Sun],
Affects of illumination on 3D shape recovery,
ICIP08(1496-1499).
IEEE DOI Reference 0810 BibRef

Malik, A.S.[Aamir Saeed], Choi, T.S.[Tae-Sun],
Depth Estimation by Finding Best Focused Points Using Line Fitting,
ICISP08(120-127).
Springer DOI Reference 0807 BibRef
And:
Finding best focused points using intersection of two lines,
ICIP08(1952-1955).
IEEE DOI Reference 0810 BibRef

Malik, A.S.[Aamir Saeed], Shim, S.O.[Seong-O], Choi, T.S.[Tae-Sun],
Depth Map Estimation using a Robust Focus Measure,
ICIP07(VI: 564-567).
IEEE DOI Reference 0709 BibRef

Mannan, S.M., Malik, A.S.[Aamir Saeed], Nisar, H.[Humaira], Choi, T.S.[Tae-Sun],
Rectification of Illumination in Images Used for Shape from Focus,
ISVC06(II: 166-175).
Springer DOI Reference 0611 BibRef

Asif, M., Malik, A.S.[Aamir Saeed], Choi, T.S.[Tae-Sun],
3D Shape Recovery from Image Defocus Using Wavelet Analysis,
ICIP05(I: 1025-1028).
IEEE DOI Reference 0512 BibRef

Namboodiri, V.P.[Vinay P.], Chaudhuri, S.[Subhasis],
On defocus, diffusion and depth estimation,
PRL(28), No. 3, 1 February 2007, pp. 311-319.
WWW Version. 0701Depth from defocus; Shape estimation; Diffusion; Spectral method BibRef

Namboodiri, V.P.[Vinay P.], Chaudhuri, S.[Subhasis], Hadap, S.[Sunil],
Regularized depth from defocus,
ICIP08(1520-1523).
IEEE DOI Reference 0810 BibRef

Namboodiri, V.P.[Vinay P.], Chaudhuri, S.[Subhasis],
Recovery of relative depth from a single observation using an uncalibrated (real-aperture) camera,
CVPR08(1-6).
IEEE DOI Reference 0806 BibRef

Namboodiri, V.P., Chaudhuri, S.,
Shape Recovery Using Stochastic Heat Flow,
BMVC07(xx-yy).
PDF Version. 0709 BibRef

Kubota, A., Aizawa, K., Chen, T.,
Reconstructing Dense Light Field From Array of Multifocus Images for Novel View Synthesis,
IP(16), No. 1, January 2007, pp. 269-279.
IEEE DOI Reference 0701 BibRef

Kubota, A., Aizawa, K.,
A novel image-based rendering method by linear filtering of multiple focused images acquired by a camera array,
ICIP03(III: 701-704).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0312 BibRef

Kubota, A., Aizawa, K.,
A New Approach to Depth Range Detection by Producing Depth-dependent Blurring Effect,
ICIP01(III: 740-743).
IEEE Abstract. IEEE Top Reference. 0108 BibRef

Huang, W.[Wei], Jing, Z.L.[Zhong-Liang],
Multi-focus image fusion using pulse coupled neural network,
PRL(28), No. 9, 1 July 2007, pp. 1123-1132.
WWW Version. 0704Multi-focus image fusion; Pulse coupled neural network BibRef

Pradeep, K.S., Rajagopalan, A.N.,
Improving Shape From Focus Using Defocus Cue,
IP(16), No. 7, July 2007, pp. 1920-1925.
IEEE DOI Reference 0707 BibRef
Earlier:
Improving Shape from Focus Using Defocus Information,
ICPR06(I: 731-734).
WWW Version. 0609 BibRef

Sahay, R.R., Rajagopalan, A.N.,
Extension of the shape from focus method for reconstruction of high-resolution images,
JOSA-A(24), No. 11, November 2007, pp. 3649-3657.
WWW Version. 0801 BibRef
Earlier:
High Resolution Image Reconstruction in Shape from Focus,
ICIP07(II: 69-72).
IEEE DOI Reference 0709 BibRef

Blayvas, I.[Ilya], Kimmel, R.[Ron], Rivlin, E.[Ehud],
Role of optics in the accuracy of depth-from-defocus systems,
JOSA-A(24), No. 4, April 2007, pp. 967-972.
WWW Version. 0801 BibRef

Jeong, K.[Kyuman], Kim, D.Y.[Dong-Yeon], Park, S.Y.[Soon-Yong], Lee, S.Y.[Seung-Yong],
Digital shallow depth-of-field adapter for photographs,
VC(24), No. 4, April 2008, pp. xx-yy.
Springer DOI Reference 0804 BibRef

Li, S.T.[Shu-Tao], Yang, B.[Bin],
Multifocus image fusion using region segmentation and spatial frequency,
IVC(26), No. 7, 2 July 2008, pp. 971-979.
WWW Version. 0804Image fusion; Image segmentation; Normalized cuts; Multi-focus; Digital cameras BibRef

Li, S.T.[Shu-Tao], Yang, B.[Bin],
Multifocus image fusion by combining curvelet and wavelet transform,
PRL(29), No. 9, 1 July 2008, pp. 1295-1301.
WWW Version. 0711Multifocus; Image fusion; Curvelet transform; Wavelet transform; Sensor fusion BibRef

d'Angelo, P.[Pablo], W�hler, C.[Christian],
Image-based 3D surface reconstruction by combination of photometric, geometric, and real-aperture methods,
PandRS(63), No. 3, May 2008, pp. 297-321.
WWW Version. 0711 BibRef
Earlier:
Image-based 3D Surface Reconstruction by Combination of Sparse Depth Data with Shape from Shading and Polarisation,
PCV06(xx-yy).
PDF Version. 0609 BibRef
Earlier:
3D Surface Reconstruction Based on Combined Analysis of Reflectance and Polarisation Properties: A Local Approach,
BenCOS05(xx-yy).
PDF Version. 0510 BibRef
And:
3D Surface Reconstruction by Combination of Photopolarimetry and Depth from Defocus,
DAGM05(176).
Springer DOI Reference 0509 BibRef
Earlier:
3D Reconstruction of Metallic Surfaces by Photopolarimetric Analysis,
SCIA05(689-698).
Springer DOI Reference 0506Close-range photogrammetry; Metrology; Three-dimensional reconstruction; Vision; Polarization BibRef

Kuhl, A.[Annika], W�hler, C.[Christian], Kr�ger, L.[Lars], d'Angelo, P.[Pablo], Gro�, H.M.[Horst-Michael],
Monocular 3D Scene Reconstruction at Absolute Scales by Combination of Geometric and Real-Aperture Methods,
DAGM06(607-616).
Springer DOI Reference 0610 BibRef

Aguet, F., van de Ville, D., Unser, M.,
Model-Based 2.5-D Deconvolution for Extended Depth of Field in Brightfield Microscopy,
IP(17), No. 7, July 2008, pp. 1144-1153.
IEEE DOI Reference 0806 BibRef

Aydin, T., Akgul, Y.S.,
A New Adaptive Focus Measure for Shape From Focus,
BMVC08(xx-yy).
PDF Version. 0809 BibRef

Thelen, A., Frey, S., Hirsch, S., Hering, P.,
Improvements in Shape-From-Focus for Holographic Reconstructions With Regard to Focus Operators, Neighborhood-Size, and Height Value Interpolation,
IP(18), No. 1, January 2009, pp. 151-157.
IEEE DOI Reference 0812 BibRef

Leroy, J.V.[Jean-Vincent], Simon, T.[Thierry], Deschenes, F.[Fran�ois],
Real Time Monocular Depth from Defocus,
ICISP08(103-111).
Springer DOI Reference 0807 BibRef

Mahmood, M.T.[Muhammad Tariq], Choi, T.S.[Tae-Sun],
A feature analysis approach to estimate 3D Shape from Image Focus,
ICIP08(3216-3219).
IEEE DOI Reference 0810 BibRef

Lai, P.L.[Po-Lin], Ortega, A.[Antonio], Pandit, P.[Purvin], Yin, P.[Peng], Gomila, C.[Cristina],
Adaptive reference filtering for bidirectional disparity compensation with focus mismatches,
ICIP08(2456-2459).
IEEE DOI Reference 0810 BibRef